Ke kumu no ka'opi o ka Old Lūkini moku'āina a me kona hopena

Kekahi moku'āina i loko o kona mōʻaukala, e hele ana ma ekolu kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao - he lālā a me ka ulu, gula makahiki, palaho, a oki i nei. Kievan Rus - he ho okumu ikaika o ka hikina Slavs - mea i koe, no laila, ma hope o kona lanakila ma luna o ka honua ke kahua i ka manawa o Yaroslava Mudrogo, ia i nā lilo kona keiki, a nalowale pela aku pili aupuni palapala'āina. Ke kumu no ka'opi o ka Old Lūkini moku'āina ua i kēia lā iʻikeʻia a hiki i schoolchildren a me nā mākua, akā, ia mea,ʻaʻole i ka mea a me ka wale: Kievan Rus Ua nalowale ma muli o ia mawaho, a na aʻe, i kahi hookahi, alakaʻi iā ia i ia i ka hoʻokūkū. Akā, e hōʻike mākou i nā mea a pau ma ka mea.

A wahi moʻolelo

He aha mea i ke kumu no ka'opi o ka Old Lūkini moku'āina, i loko o kona heyday noho ana i ka nui palena mai o ka Taman Peninsula a hiki i ka uka ino i o ka Northern Dvina River, hoʻokupu o ka Volga a hiki i ka Dniester, a me ka Vistula? Mua mākou e nānā i ka mea, ua hoole iki i ka mōʻaukala o Kievan Rus.

Mea maʻa mau, ke kahua o ka moku'āina ua noʻonoʻo 862 - ka lā o ke kahea ana o ka moku o ka Rurik. Ua hoʻohui a hoʻopaʻa kona mana ma Kiev, kona hope Oleg Veschy hui hapa'āina ma lalo o kona lima. He nui nā moʻolelo 'aʻole' aelike me keia kumumanaʻo, mai mua o ka hōʻeaʻana mai o Oleg ma Rusia, ua maikaʻi-kūlanakauhale paʻa, i hoʻonohonoho 'ia poʻe hao wale, kūkulu moku, na luakini, i lawe' alemanaka, ma laila i kona mau moʻomeheu, a me ka hoomana ana 'ōlelo. Wahi paa a me ke kulanakauhale nui, o Kiev Ua loaʻa iā aia ma ka oihana? Ooia.

The Golden Age o East Slavic moku'āina i hele mai ma hope o ka hookamaia ana o Kristiano i ka 988, a hele aku ma luna o ka moku , Vladimir ka Sun Red a me Yaroslava Mudrogo, kona kaikamahine i ke alii wahine o na aina ekolu, a me ka mea i aponoia i ka mua kumukānāwai "Russian Make". Ke kiʻekiʻe, ka Kyivan Rus? Ac? Feudal disunity a me ka inaina ma waena o ka lehulehu feudal haku. 'O kēia ka mea mua a me ka kekahi kumu nui no ka'opi o ka Old Lūkini moku'āina. Mongolian Nabala holoiia ia ia, mai ka pili aupuni palapala o 'Eulopa, huli ia i loko o ka mamao ulus o ke Gula iā Goga.

Kūloko Makaʻu Rus disintegration

Ke kumu nui no ka'opi o ka Old Lūkini moku'āina - Kievan Rus feudal disunity a me ka inaina i waena o nā aliʻi. 'O kēia ka hana kuʻuna mana o ka hapa nui o ka moʻolelo, ka mea i hoʻolohe i ka mea ia ia mea maʻamau no nā'āinaʻEulopa i ka manawa. Wa Mamua a ka pilina i ka fragmentation o ke kēia:

• Lūkini ko na'lii, ua hoopuniia e ka poe enemi - na ohana, i mea ma kekahi mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o? Acaeoey. Kela a me keia naue like i kona mau enemi, no laila, kaua aku la i kona mau koa.
• Kēlā me feudal luna i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o hou akā, influential heluna pūʻulu, i nā' elele o ka Ekalesia, kaukaualiʻi, poʻe kālepa.
• Haoʻa papa hana o ka wahi: o ka waiwai na'lii i makemake ole e kaʻana i ko lakou waiwai a me ka Luna Nui Aliʻi o Kiev aʻuʻuku iho kona waiwai destinies.
• Pinepine kivila hakaka ku i ka Kiev noho aliʻi i waena o na hooilina, ma ka mea i pepehiia i ka nui helu o maʻamau kanaka.

Mawaho kumu o ka make ana o Kievan Rus '

Kūloko kumu o ka'opi o ka Old Lūkini moku'āina pokole, ua holo mai, e nana makou i mawaho aʻe. Ke au o ka pomaikai aliʻi i hana aku ai i ka puu e hōʻoia i ka maluhia o kona palena. Vladimir bapetizo Rus, oiai o ka loaa ana i ka lokomaikaʻiʻia mai o ka Byzantine aupuni a pau, a me nā kākoʻo o nā'āinaʻEulopa, Yaroslav hooponopono dynastic ka mare, hoʻomohala i ka kuhikuhipuʻuone, moʻomeheu, akamai, ka hoʻonaʻauao, a me ka 'ē aʻe, ao ke ano. I ke kakahiaka nui 13th kenekulia kuwaho kulana home 'ole i loli loa: ka dominance o ko ke ao nei, ua hoʻomaka e' Imi koi i ka Mongols. Hao ana a me ka loa hoolohe i na lunakahiko, a me ka lehulehu pono mākaukau i ke kaua, extracted mua paipai aʻo kai eʻe, i nomads invincible. Ma hope iho o ka naʻi aupuni o Rus Mongols hoʻololi loa i ke ala o ke ola, i hoʻolauna hou lula i hoala mai ai kekahi o ke kulanakauhale, a holoi mai i ka 'ē aʻe. Ma luna o nā mea a pau i kēiaʻo ia i make ai hookauwa loa o ka heluna kanaka, e like me ka rula ana waiwai, a me ka na kanaka.

Ka'opi o ka Old Lūkini moku'āina: 'ehaʻeha ka a me Ka Hopena

Makaʻu pili aupuni disintegration o Kievan Rus, ua nānā 'e loaʻa mai ka mea i ka hopena o keia kŰia ua i ai i ka moku'āina. I ka hoʻomaka o ka feudal fragmentation o ka Old Lūkini moku'āina ka mea, ua maikaʻi: 'Imi ulu mahiʻai, handicrafts, he olelo kalepa i alakaʻi, ke kulanakauhale nui.

Akā, ua lilo laila ainahooili hoʻokaʻawale Hawaii, kona poe alii, i mau 'īnea nei no ka mana, a me ka papa kuhikuhiE iwi o ka paio - Kiev. Ke kulanakauhale nui, a me kona'āina, i nalowale ole, a ua hala i loko o ka lima o ka waiwai a me ka ikaika wahi. Mau nā Galicia-Volyn, Vladimir-Suzdal a Novgorod boyar repubalika, a ua manaoia e ia i ka pili aupuni hooilina o ka mea kahiko Old Lūkini moku'āina. Me ka manaʻoe hōʻeha hoʻonāwaliwali nui ihola ka'āina, a i ole ae i ka Lūkini aliʻi e hui pu iho la i loko o ka iā Goga ho'āhewa wale, ma muli o ia a Kiev Rusia i oki ia nei.

kahi o ka epilogue

Kumu a me ka hopena o ka disintegration pili aupuni o ka Old Lūkini moku'āina mākou nānā '. Kēia hele i loko o mōʻaukala i kekahi mau mai me ka nui haʻawina: wale nō ma ka like ana na kanaka a me na luna e, e kūkulu i ka ikaika a me ka waiwai moku'āina, hiki ke ola i ka pōpilikia o ke ola.