Ke 'ole a me ka hana ana o na kanaka iwi. Ka 'ole o ka iwi

Iwi kiʻi a e e hōʻike hope, o ka hoʻopiha o ka iwi keena o ka meaola. I ka hua'ōlelo i Greek kumu ae. Ma ka unuhi, i ka manawa o ia hoʻi, "maloo". Ke kino iwi a ua manaoia e lilo i kekahi OE hapa o ka musculoskeletal nenoaiu. Ua hoʻomōhala ai mai ka mesenchyme. Next, lawe i kokoke Look iwi: 'ole, hana, a no laila, ma luna o ..

moe hiʻona

Ma mua o ke kamailio e pili ana i ka oihana i hana ia e ka iwi, ka mea e e hoʻomaopopo i ka helu o ke kiʻiona hiʻona o keia hapa o ka kino. Of mau panee i mall hiʻona o kekahi wahine. I ka nui, he 206 iwi i e i ka iwi (Hawaii photo hōʻike a pau na kumu mua). ʻaneʻane i hui i loko o ka hoʻokahi mokuna ma ka mea o ka ami, ligaments a me nā ami. Ka 'ole o ka mea a pau iwi o na kanaka a me na wahine i ka mea ala. Apau o kaʻokoʻa ma waena o ia mea,ʻaʻole i loaʻa. Eia naʻe, ua loaʻa i ka oko ao wale nō i loko o kekahi mau mea okoa ano a nui like 'ole o ke kanaka oihana mua a me nenoai i ka mea e hana. Ka loa ahuwale koena unuhi, a i ka 'ole o ka iwi o na kanaka, a me nā wāhine, nā, no ka mea hoike, i na iwi o na manamana a me nāʻaoʻao ma mua i kekahi mau mea hou a me nā pūhaka, no laila, i loko o ka la mahope. Pela tuberosity (hoʻopunipuni wale i kaʻai Muscle olona,) hoʻohikiʻia, ka mea, kamaʻilioʻana e e ikaika i loko o kāne a pau. Women i ka lehulehu pelvis a me ka umauma ia. Me ka pili ana i ka hoohanau oko ao i loko o ka puniu wale no, ka mea, i kekahi mailuilu haalele. Ma keia manao, mākaukau pinepine hiki e paakiki e hooholo ka mea nona ia: he wahine a me ke kanaka. I ka Ia manawa ka hope kuemaka, a bulging protuberance ikaika maka kumu, ua oi loa aku oukou sinuses hōʻike maikaʻi. I na kanaka a pau o ka iwi poʻo iwi hehee mea iki pūhaka i ka wahine ka mua. Anteroposterior (lonikū) a me vertical kiko'î o keia hapa o ka iwi i loko o nā kānaka aku. Women iwi poʻo nona iho a ma kahi o 1300 knm ^3. I na kanaka, keia huahelu Ua hoi hou - 1450 knm ^3. Kēia koena unuhi mea aie a hiki i ka uuku nohona ma Ana o ka wahine kino.

poo oihana

Ka iwi maopopo mau cii. Ma kekahi, inā loaʻa truncal a me ka poo oihana. Ka la mahope, i ka huli, ka loaʻa o ka lehalehu a me ka cerebral hapa. Brain hapa maupaʻa mau kino, parietal 2, frontal, occipital a me ka hapa 'ia' ethmoid iwi. He makana i loko o ka lehalehu t aina a luna (mahu) a malalo. Mau punawai i paa niho.

spine

Ma keia Oihana hoomaopopo coccygeal (4-5 pcs.), Sacral (5), lumbar (5), umauma (12) a me ka'ā'ī (7) Hoʻohana. Vertebral piʻo hana i ka spinal Canal. Iho he eha pou anuenue. He mau hiʻohiʻona nō i ka manaʻo o kaʻauhau'ēʻaʻe hana o ka iwi pili me ka bipedalism. Ke aupuni 'ma waena o vertebrae laholio una. Ka mea, he hoʻonui i ka hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kohoʻia o ka spine. Ke Hekikai o ke kia huakai hele, kena ae la i ka pono, e mitigate na puu hua palaoa iloko o ka neʻeʻana: holo, e hele ana, o Kepakailiula. Ma keia ke spinal kaula, a na nā loko mea i paku ole ia i concussion. Loko o ka spinal Canal holo. Ua poai puni i ka spinal kaula.

thorax

Ua maupaʻa He sternum, 12 lua Hoʻohana spine a me ka iwiʻaoʻao 12 hui. Ka mua 10 o ia e pili ana i ka sternum cartilage, ka hope mau mai ole i ami me ia. Aie i ka iwiʻaoʻao nā hīnaʻi manu i hiki ke hana i kekahi aiiay hana o ka iwi. Ma kekahi, ka mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka maluhia o ka naau a me nā kino o ka bronchopulmonary a me ka hapa o ka digestive nenoaiu. Ma hope o ka iwiʻaoʻao papa e hoʻoneʻe articulation me ka vertebrae, i ke alo (koe wale no ka lalo mau hui) e pili ana i ka sternum ma'ōlewa cartilage. Manawa a hiki i kēia, i ka thorax i taper a? Anoe i ka hanu.

luna lala

Ma keia hapa o ka keia humeri, luna lima (ulnar a kahahānai oihana mua), na pulima oʻu, metacarpal Hoʻohana a me elima manamana lima phalanges. I mau, ka iwi lima i ekolu Oihana. O nā i ka lima, forearm a me ka'ūhā mua. Ka hope ua hanaʻia o nā iwi loa. Ka palaki ua pili i ka forearm a me na pulima oʻu ninoieo o ka oihana mua liʻiliʻi metacarpus ho okumu i ka lāʻau a me ka neʻe o'ōlewa lima. Ka hoʻopili i ka luna lala i ke kino ua laweia aku la oia e ka clavicle a me vanes. Ka mea, nāna i hana i ka'ūhā mua kaei.

laloʻaoʻao

Ma keia hapa o ka iwi kaʻawale 2 pelvic iwi. Kēlā me kēia no ia mai nā 'fused i kekahi i kekahi sciatic, pubic a me ka iliac hehee wale. Nō hoʻi, i ke kāʻei o ka laloʻaoʻao nā hip-. Ua ua hanaʻia e like me (o ka mea ia inoa) iwi. Kēia hehee ai ua manaoia e ia i ka nui o nā mea a pau i loko o ka iwi. Nō hoʻi, ma ka wawae pee mau pale. Ka 'ole o ka' Oihana kikowaena elua mau pale iwi - nui a me ka meaʻuʻuku. Ua hamau pu lalo nuku wāwae. Ua ninoieo o kekahi mau iwi, i ka nui o ka i ua manaoia e kuekuewawae. Ka hookui ana me ke kino lawe e pelvic hehee wale. Ma kānaka, i kēia mau iwi, ua kaumaha a me ka lehulehu ma mua o ka holoholona. E like me ka mea i huiiaʻi me hehee wale nei iluna o ka lala ami.

'ano o nā ami

He ekolu wale. Nā iwi Hiki ke pili i ka lawe lima, kalaka nui-neʻeʻana a me ka wahi. Ke articulation o ka hopeʻano mea typical no cranial hehee wale (koe nae ka mandible). Kalaka nui-e neʻe kihi e pili ana i ka sternum a me vertebrae. E like me ka articulation hehee ku ligaments a me cartilage. Ke hoʻoneʻe pilina ami ano. Kēlā me kēia no ia i kekahi luna, ka mea kinowai makana i loko o ka lua, a me ka eke. E like me ka rula, na ami e ikaika ligaments. Ma muli o ia kā lākou i kaupalena 'huahelu o ka noi. Articular wai iwi ho'ēmi i kā kū'ē nā kumumea i neʻe.

He aha e hana ana i ka iwi?

Ma keia hapa o ke kino o nā pilikia: liluwelo a me mechanical. I e pili ana me ka pāʻoihana o ka hope pilikia i na kēia mau mana o ke kanaka iwi:

1. Hawaii. Keia i ka hanaia ua hana kahiko o ka'āina, e like me skeletal hehee wale malama no ka IeIIeYOA o Muscle olona.
2. Ke kākoʻo hana o ka iwi. Iwi a me ka olelo hehee wale e i ka iwi. No ka mea, ua pili nā loko, a pahee'aʻaʻa.
3. Hao. Mahalo i ka ami cartilage, a me ka helu o mall hiʻona (curves o ka spine, wāwae e pio mai) ua lawe mai amortization. E like me ka hopena, ke hoʻokoe 'tremors a me ka lele li ili i hoopalupaluia.
4. Aiiay. Ke kino iwi a he iwi ho okumu, ma muli o ia i lako pono i ka maluhia o ka nui nā loko. Ma kekahi, o ka puniu wale no i malama i ka lolo, sternum - ka naau, maʻiʻaʻai a me kekahi'ē aʻe nā loko, i ka spine - ka spinal 'ole.

Ke liluwelo hana o na kanaka iwi:

1. Hematopoietic. ka iwi lolo mea i loko o nā iwi. Ua hana like i kahi o ke koko keena.
2. Stock mai. Iwi hehee wale malama me ka nei no kekahi dala nui o'okanikaʻole waiwai. Mau nā, ma ka nui, nā hao, makanekiuma, kalipuna, phosphorus. Ma keia manao, o ka iwi 'ole i loko o ka malama ana kumupaʻa o ka mea pōhaku haku mele' ana i loko o ke kino.

eha

Inā ka hewa kulana o ke kino no ka, ua kīkoʻo akula wā (no ka laʻana, ua hooloihi noho ana me kulou poo i ka papaʻaina, ino kulou, etc.), e like me ka pono i ma luna o ke kāʻei kua o ka helu o hereditary aʻe (ka oi aku ma ka hui pu ana, me ka wahaheʻe i loko o kaʻai, nele o physical? Acaeoey) 'aʻe' e ana aua mai la hana o ka iwi. Ma nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao kakahiaka nui o keia kŰia hiki ke eliminated koke. Aka hoi, e aho e ole. No keia hopena, poe akamai i waiho aku e koho i kaʻoluʻolu kulou i hana, e hooikaika mau, gymnastics, 'auʻau a me ka' ē aʻe? Ueo.

Kekahi 'ano, he pono ole' inikua ana ua manaoia i ka wawae deformity. E kū'ē i ke kāʻei kua o keia kŰia he 'aʻe' ana o ka papa Hawaii o ka iwi. Wawae deformity ke'ākoʻakoʻa ma lalo o ka aoao o ka maʻi, nā palapū paha ia i kaʻilihune o ka hooloihi ae i overload i pau ka moni i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka ulu ana o ka meaola. iwi fracture ke'ākoʻakoʻa ma lalo o ka aoao o ka ikaika physical exertion. Eha o keia 'ano hiki ke paa a hamama (i kaʻeha). About 3/4 o nā mea a pau fractures e kau mai maluna o ka lima a me ka wawae. I ka papa kuhikuhiE symptom o ka hewa, he nui ka eha. Ka popoiwi wahi ke kāhea mahope deformation o na iwi, he 'aʻe' o ka 'Oihana oihana ma i ka mea, ua noho ai. Inā e manao i ka fracture o ka luahi mea pono e i ka ambulance a hospitalized. Ma mua o ka lawe i kekahi hana, i ka hoʻomanawanui ua hoouna mai ai i ka X-Ray mahele. Maʻike, hoike i ka IIeEeAIEUAA o ka fracture paena, a me ke alo o offset iwi koena ai.