Mausoleum o Halicarnassus: ka mōʻaukala o ke kūkulu a me ka kuhikuhipuʻuone

Kokoke i ka Turkish kulanakauhale o Bodrum o Nyos i kekahi o na mea kupanaha ehiku o ke ao nei - ka Ilina o Halicarnassus. Ua ala ae la ma keia wahi ma ka paha, i loko o ka wā kahiko ua no ka mea, ma laila i ke kapikala o ka Peresia satrapy o Caria, i kapa ia Halicarnassus.

moʻolelo

City Halicarnassus Ua hoʻokumuʻia nā Helene i loko o ka 2nd Ka Wā Kaukani. BC. e ka. Ma ka waena o ka 1st Ka Wā Kaukani, oia ua ma lalo o ka noho aliʻi o ka Peresia aupuni a pau. Mausoleum o Halicarnassus i kūkuluʻia i loko o ka 4th kenekulia. BC like me ka hale kupapau no ka carian E satrap Maussollos (377g.-353 BC. E.) a me kana wahine Artemisia II. Manawa a hiki i kēia kūkulu Maussollos ka hoʻomaka 'ana e kipa i ka Ilina o (ʻole. Mausoleion). Ke kukulu ana o ka hale kupapau, i lilo ai i ka wa e ola ana o Mausolus, nae, i ka hana hope, oia i ola. Wahi a ke kaʻao, i ka hana o ka Ilina o alakaʻi Artemisia, ka poe i aloha i kana kane, a makemake e hoʻomau i kona hoomanao ana. No laila, i ka Mausoleum o Halicarnassus ua pinepine kapaia ke kia hoʻomanaʻo o ke aloha. Ua,ʻo na tausani o iauaeoia oo? Ecia.

Mausoleum o Halicarnassus hahau iho la i ka manao o ka huakaʻi no ka 1800 makahiki, akā, i loko o ke kenekulia 13th ia i anaiia mai ai e ke olai ikaika. Ma ka 15th kenekulia ma luna o nā wahi e pili ana o ka Ilina o o ka Crusaders kūkulu i ka hale kākela o St. Petero. kinikini hale lua o ka huahelu mua i hoʻohana 'ia no ka hana o keia hale. I ka i kipaku mai i ka Crusaders, ke kākela lilo i Turkish Bodrum Castle. Ma ka 19th kenekulia ka Ilina o ua i ke kumu a me kekahi mau sculptures. Bodrum Castle ma Bodrum mea kumukuai i kahi lōʻihi, a me na pohaku o ka Ilina o hiki ke ike i loko o kona 'ole. Ma ka palena o ka halekupapau ia iho, e hiki keʻike i nā mea hina, a he uuku iau o ka mōʻaukala o Halicarnassus.

kuhikuhipuʻuone

pâʻani Mausoleum ma Halicarnassus, i ka mea ia manawa ke kūlana o ka luakini, a me ka ahu. Kona kūkulu 'ole na nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone o ko Helene ka Satyr a me Pytheas. No emi nui ma ka hanaia'na o ka Ilina o pâʻani ua kaulana sculptors, e like Scopas, Brikasid, Leochares a me Timoteo.

Like no ka kuhikuhipuʻuone, i loko o kēia hale ka mea, ua i ka läÿau, o styles. Eia hou, i ka halekupapau o Mausolus okoa hana shape a me ka nui nui. Halicarnassus Ilina o āpana ua 5,000 m² a me ke kiekie -, 20 m + ka kumu o ka 5-tiered rectangle mea i hoalaala ia me slabs o keʻokeʻo pōhaku keʻokeʻo. Ka hale Ua hoʻonaniʻia me ka sculptured frieze - kinikini ke kanaaho depicting i ke kaua ana o na Helene a me ka Amazons. Ka lōʻihi o ka frieze ua, ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka 117 m. Ano, kekahi o na ilina i ke kanaaho ma ka Beritania Museum.

Hale kupapaʻu ke aupuni 'o periptera, i mea i kauʻia ma luna o ka lalo. He, ma ka huli, i hoʻopuniʻia e ka 39th 11-mika kolamu. Ka mea, malama no me ke kākoʻo i ka hale. Hope i hoopuka ia me ka hehi pyramid, la i komo ai o 24 kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao. Ma ka luna o ka hale o na nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone mea he kinikini quadriga. He he kahiko o ka hale kaʻa huki ia e eha mau lio. He He kiʻi kaula o Mausolus a me Artemisia. kinikini sarcophagi aliʻi hui i kau maloko o ka halekupapau. Ka pololei hoʻokō ana o ka hale i mālama ai i nā kiʻi o nā lio a me ka pohaku keokeo liona ma ka wawae o ka Ilina o. Mausoleum o Halicarnassus ia e like me nā mea a pau o ka halekupapau i ola ma mua ona, pela pono noʻonoʻo i ka mana o ke ao nei.