Moe nā'ōlelo i kiekie ae, a malalo laha 'o flora

Propagation ano o nā mea a pau meaola. Kēia eaaaony ka hiki e paʻi i ka succession a me ka hoʻomauʻana o ke ola. I ka meaola i i ka halepaahao kinona o ka 'ole, ka? Aneii ua muli ma luna o ka mahele.

kekahi Mea Malunaʻano o ka'ōlelo i ua manaoia e kekahi mau kānakaʻepekema. Nui manaoia ekolu ano o nā'ōlelo: vegetative, moe a me ka asexual.

Ma ka hope Ina, i ka ulu ana o ka meaola ua lawe mai, mai ka hookahi aeea ua ole differentiated nā kiʻie hōʻikeʻike. No ka vegetative nā'ōlelo wehewehe aku ma ka hooulu ana o multicellular meaola mai germs, i kekahi manawa, hiki ole ke differentiate.

Moe nā'ōlelo o nā mea kanu i hoʻomaka me ke kahua o ka germ aeee (gametes). ua hoemi ia ka hoʻokuʻi pū o gametes i loko o ka zygote Hekikai no nā'ōlelo. Kēia kaʻina ua kapa fertilization a? Aaeaao aaiaoe ike mai na makua i ka keiki kakou nana.

Gametes i hana i loko o ka wahine - gametangia. flora 'elele, a i wehewehe aku ma ka fertilization, i loko o ko lākou ola kalapona, meiosis.

Moe nā'ōlelo mea i ano no ka uliuli-uliuli līoho, koʻohune. 'Aʻole i loaʻa i kaʻaoʻao o nā'ōlelo, a me ka helu o nā fungi.

Ano o ka moe nā'ōlelo i loko o ka haahaa laha 'o flora iʻokoʻa. No ka laʻana, kekahi uliuli līoho nā'ōlelo kaʻina ke'ākoʻakoʻa me ke kahua o ka gametes. Ma keia hihia, me ka mau kaula hō'ā-aa? Meaola.

Ka hoʻokuʻi pū o nā gametes, a i flagella, kapa isogamy. Moe nā'ōlelo mea typical o na mea he nui ka līoho.

Unicellular līoho (Chlamydomonas kekahi, no ka laʻana) i kekahi mea i, ia lakou iho e huli i loko o ka 'īnea i nā loko ho okumu i gametes. Ma multicellular 'elele gametangia i kekahi mea e ole oko mai na keena a gametangia i hanaʻia me ka morphological oko (no ka laʻana, ektokarpusa).

No ka mea, he nui isogamous līoho ano geterotallizm (aaiaoe a physiological moe māhele). Pela ka mea, ke kuʻi nukeliu o gametes physiologically okoa.

No kekahi līoho e wehewehe aku ma ka conjugation: he mea "ua kahe" i ka protoplast aeea i kekahi.

Ka hoʻokuʻi pū o nā gametes me kekahi mau nui like 'ole o ka flagella, kapa heterogamy. Hui bezzhgutikovoy wahine gamete (oocyte) a me ka flagella (IeAUPIIe, IAa IO) uuku kane (sperm) ka oogamy. Moe nā'ōlelo mea typical o na mea he nui ulaula,ʻeleʻele, diatoms, uliuli ka līoho, e like me kekahi lalo fungi.

Fertilization ma gologamnyh, heterogamic, isogamous a me ka loa oogamnyh flora ua lawe mai i loko o ka wai. A helu o nā mea kanu oogamnyh hoʻokuʻi pū kaʻina ia lŘlŘ ma ka oogonia (wahine gametangia). Ka mea, i 'Imi hele sperm kuu i loko o ka wai. Ka ha awina i Konakele. E e hoʻopiʻi i chemotaxis. Penei spermatsii ʻulaʻula līoho (ula līoho) e hoʻoneʻeʻia ka wai kahe - passively.

Higher kanu i oogamnymi. Eia naʻe, fertilization i wahi ka mea, i loko o naʻano likeʻole. No ka mea kiekie oia ka mea kanu i typical multicellular gametangia - archegonium (wahine) a me ka antheridia (kane). Ka mawaho ahu iho la ka keena o ka wahine nā loko i sterile. I archegonia ovum i hana i kekahi i loko o antheridia spermatozoa e hana ana i loko o kiʻekiʻe dala.

Moe nā'ōlelo Fern, a mosses ua lawe mai i loko o ka wai. Sperm aeee e hele mai, mai antheridium, a neʻe i ka archegonium. I huli ai oe, makaukau e fertilize archegonium,ʻo sperm komo iloko pee mucus mai o ka luna. E hele ana i loko o ka mucus, ke sperm pili i ka hua manu, aka, ia merges me kekahi.