Nikolay Nikolaevich Novosiltsev: Kawaihae, a piʻi like

Helu Nikolay Nikolaevich Novosiltsev i kekahi o ka mea nui lehulehu na kii o Rusia ma ka hapa mua o ka XIX kenekulia. He mea i ke kumu o kekahi mau bila.

me Kinohi

Hânau 'ia Nikolay Nikolaevich Novosiltsev i ka 1761. He ua i ka hanauna o ka maikai haku Alexander Stroganov - he lâlâ o ka State Aha a me kekahi o ka pau ana o Ana II. Naʻe, ua i loko o ka moʻoleloʻohana o ka keiki a me ka flaw. He ua ka illegitimate keiki a kona makuwahine-aristocrat. He no ka mea, no keia mea i hoouna aku e hoala i kona makua kāne, i kona wahi i hiki mai ka ohana pilikia o kona mau makua e noho aku.

Alexander Stroganov hoʻoholo ihola i ka pono keiki, e hana i ka oihana koa 'oihana. Waiwai maikai ohana i mau imi e paʻa ai i nā keiki kāne a St. Petersburg waiwai koa, a oia no holika o Lūkini lehulehu. I ka 'ilikai Nikolay Nikolaevich Novosiltsevʻaʻole e paʻa ana, akā, aka pau aʻo i loko o ke kapikala o ka pūʻali Pages i ka 1783.

koa 'oihana

Over ka mea e hiki mai ana 13 makahiki, i ka wā e hiki mai statesman steadily neʻe i ke kaua i loko o ke kaua. Ma na makahiki o kona hana i hele mai kekahi kaua me Kuekene ma 1788-1790 GG. Novosiltsev komo i loko o kekahi mau nui hana, a i kikokiko ai o keia hakakā ka hoao ana. E like me ka hopena o ke kaua i lilo i colonel.

Ma loaa ana mai o ia ke kiʻekiʻe luna loa poina wale. No koke i ka poe kaua Lūkini e pau i ke kaua me Kuekene wawahi mai ka uprising ma Poland. Ua hiki i ka 1794, ka wā ka mea, ua mua kua he mau pauku o ka mokuaina. Rusia, Austria, a Prussia wawahi keia aina i mau apana, a lawe ia ia iho i ka apana. Auamo kipi. Au i ku ai ma ke poo o ka nationalist, a me ka patriot Tadeusz Kosciuszko. Nikolay Nikolaevich Novosiltsev komo i loko o ka makaukau ia'ku i ka suppression o ka auamo. I ka 1796 ua hoʻoholo iholaʻo ia e haʻalele i ka hana koa a me ka hoʻomaha.

Ua ikeia ma ka lokomaikaʻi koʻikoʻi a hanohano

Kekahi manawa Novosiltsev Nikolay Nikolaevich i noho ai ma kahi e, a me loko o London, kahi ana i hoʻopau i kona hoʻonaʻauao ma o ka humanities. Lōʻihi noho ma ka aina e oia i ole i. Ka mea opiopio Emperor Alexander au i kapa aku iā ia hoʻi i kona'āina.

I keia manawa, ua houluulu ae a puni ia i ka mea hou, ke aliʻi o ka pōʻai o ka hoa oiaio i waena o ka loa hoʻonaʻauao aristocrats o Petersburg. A pau o ia poe Liberal (KS), a ua makemake aku e hoʻomaka nā mea hoʻololi i loko o ke aupuni. Emperor pili ana i kēia makemake. A he pono kanaka e like Novosiltsev Nikolay Nikolaevich. Ke Kawaihae ana o keia kanaka i oo pono me Alexander.

I loko nō o ka mea i ka mea mua hoʻonaʻauao Novosiltsev ua he typical koa, ka mea, ua i ka hohonu lehulehu manao. He la ia mea a me ka hanohano i waena o ka Petersburg aristocracy o ka pono, i hauʻoli i ka mea i kukuluia i ka noho alii ana o Paul I - Ano, Ua lukuʻia ka makua kāne o Alexander I. ka mea kahiko mō'ī a me ka make, a me kona poʻe makeʻe kulana pili aupuni'ōnaehana kukulu ai i loko o Rusia, ka mea, ua manawa e dismantle.

Hoa o ka ke Kula Uku Komite

I ka makahiki kakahiaka nui o ka noho alii ana o Alexander Novosiltsev Nikolay Nikolaevich i kaʻeleu lâlâ o ka malu Komite - i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa halawai o ka He kokekau wale Emperor. I ka 1803, ua hoonohoia ke alii Peresidena o ka Academy o Sciences. Ma keia oihana, ua noho 7 makahiki ma i i hana nui no ka hooulu ana a me ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ana noiʻi i loko o Rusia.

Novosiltsev Ua ike no ka i hiki ke hui pu iho la kekahi mauʻokoʻa nā kūlana hana. Eia naʻe, i kona hana ana iʻaʻole hāʻule -ʻo ia i ka pololei a me ka pono ka pāʻoihana. I ka 1804, i ka kūhelu lilo hope kuhina o ka pono. Ka mea, iloko oia kau i ka mea, ua komo 'o loko o ka luna' Lūkini kanawai i koi mihi. iho o ka hoonohoia'na kekahi mau rula i loko o ka XVII kenekulia, a me ka noho alii ana o Alexander hope obsolete.

No ka manaʻo o nā nā mea hoʻololi i ua hoʻokumu e formulate kānāwai Kuleana. Ua Ua alai ai e Novosiltsev Nikolay Nikolaevich. Photo kiʻi o ke kanaka ke e loaʻa i loko o kekahi puke o ke kānāwai faculties ma kulanui.

Diplomat a me ka reformer

I ka 1805, i loaa ole ka Auguseto i loko o ka malu Komite. Nā mea hoʻololi hala i loko o ka lima Mihaila Speranskogo. hoa kahiko o ka hui i loaa mai i ka hou pou. I Novosiltsev hoomaka ae la oia i ka 'oihana a me kaʻelele diplomat. Ma keia kahua e pono ai i ko lakou hoao ana iho o ka noho ana ma kahi e aku. No hoi i ka 1805 ia ana manao oia i kuikahi me ke aupuni Beritania Nui, a ua iloko o ka hoomakaukau no ka nui ke Alexander i ke kaua me Napoleon.

I loko o kēia wā Novosiltsev hana nui kalaiaina paha ma WesternʻEulopa. I ka Ia manawa, ia no ka aina ia ia i kana hana me ka maikai o Iabeza imua o ke pio. Novosiltsev maoli makemake e hoʻi i ke kulanakauhale alii. Eia kekahi mea ma hope. Koke ia wāwahi Patriotic Kaua o 1812 makahiki. A lohe o Napoleon i hope i luku mai ai ia Rusia hui na koena o Poland. He wahi mea i hoounaia Novosiltsev.

Ma nā makahiki, i ka noho alii ana o Alexander ua aliʻi lā ua lilo hoi i St. Petersburg. I ke poʻo,ʻo ia nui i ka la ino hei ana ʻo Samuel M. o ka Russian aupuni a pau. I mea, ia ua he ano o prototype o ka wā e hiki mai kumu kanawai, a nō ma luna o kivila liberties. Ka pāhana Ua loa hoʻomaopopo.

Ma lalo ma Rotehama I Novosiltsev i he lâlâ o ka State Aha. I ka makahiki 1833, lilo 'o ia i ke Kauna, a ma ka 1838-ka m, make iho la. Kēia kanaka i kona kaulana e like me kekahi o ka luna loa pono a me ka hooko i ka manawa.