'O ka'ele'ele Dichroic. Pehea ke nānā a me kahi e ho'ohana'ia ai

I nā makahiki i hala iho nei,'a'ole hiki ke hana i ka hō'ike'ike ki'i ma ka māhele a me nā mea e hana'ia mai ke gula a me ke kālā me ka hana'ole o nā hana'oihana a me nā mea e hana ai i nā mea nani, i ka hana'ana a nā haku i ho'ohana i ka aniani kilokilo. Ma loko o kēia hui o nā hua'ōlelo, aia kekahi mea kupanaha, e like me ia i loko o ka puke pono'ī. 'O nā inoa o nā mea kahiko loa a me nā'enehana hou e ho'onui'ia nei. Ke aniani Dichroic - he aha ia? Pehea ke ala i hana ai ke kanaka e loa'a ai nā'ano kūlohelohe maoli o nā mea i hana'ia e ke kanaka? E ho'ā'o mākou e pane i kēia mau nīnau.

'O ka magic of glass

'O nā ipu mua, nā kī'aha, nā lau a me nā'ōkeke'ē a'e i'oi aku ka maika'i ma mua o ke gula. 'O nā'ōnaewele o kēia mau mea i loa'a i Roma kahiko. 'O nā'oihana o nā mosaic masters, nā mea aniani kilokilo, nā mea'elehe aniani a me nā mea kahiko, a me nā mea kupaianaha o kēia manawa, kūka'i a mahalo. Mai ka hopena o ke kenekulia'umikumamālima, ua hā'ule nā mea huna o Venetian i nā'āina o'Europa. English, Paniolo, Czech, Kelemānia, Palani haku i imi e hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kumu a hiki i ka mokupuni o Murano ma aniani a me ka 'ike loea hou maemae. 'O nā holomua, akā,'a'ohe mea hiki ke'oi a'e ma mua o nā Venetians. 'O ka'ele'ele Dichroic he huahana hou ia o nā hana hou loa i ka hana'ana o nā mea kahiko. 'O ke kūlana ki'eki'e, akā,'a'ole kēia no ka pilina i ke'ano o ka hā'ule'ana i loko o nā lima o nā mea hana ki'i maoli.

'Elua leka i ke'ano

Hiki i nā'āpana Dichroic ke ho'ololi i ka'oni. Ua loa'a nā kāpena o lākou i nā haku o ke au o ka hō'ailona hō'ailona Venetian. Ma ke'ano laulā, "dichroism" kahi mea'ike. 'O ka unuhi'ōlelo maoli o ka hua'ōlelo mai ka'ōlelo Helene: "di" -'elua a me "chrome" - kala,'o ia ho'i "'elua kala". Aia kekahi mau mea a me nā meahana e hiki ai ke ho'ohālike i nā nalu o ka lō'ihi like, a e ho'oku'u i kekahi. Ma waho e like me ka wai kahe, flickr ke nānā'ia mai lākou mai nā'oko'a o nā hi'ohi'ona. 'Ike nā kānaka a pau i nā maka o ka'īlio, pehea e hiki ai i nā hulu i ka huelo o ka niho a me nā'ēheu o nā mīpuni Mei nui i ho'oulu i ka uliuli ai'ole ka'ōma'oma'o. 'O kahi hi'ohi'ona hi'ohi'ona o ka dichroism,'o ia ka laulā o ka butterfly maru a Margot. Kapa'ia ia he'āpana o ka lani ma ka honua -'o kona'ano ke'oke'o uliuli. A'o ka mea kupaianaha'o ka'ēheu'ole o nā'ēheu. 'O ka loli'ana i ka lele no ka pigmentation, akā ma muli o nā'ano o ka ho'ohehe'e'ana o nā'ano like'ole ma nā lauoho li'ili'i e uhi i ka mahele o nā'ēheu o ka nani. 'O kēia mau'ano pono'ī o nā papa maika'i loa o ka carbonate calcium, e uhi ana i ka pele, e'alanika. Hā'awi ka Nature i nā hi'ohi'ona. 'O ka'ike'ana o ke kanaka a me ka'enehana hiki i ka hana'ana i nā mea hana me nā'ano like'ole.

No ka mea, mai ka aha

I ka wā mua,'o ka mea kū'ai aku i ka mea nanocoating kūikawā no ke aniani kilokilo,'o ia ka US National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 'O nā kānana Dichroic, prisms, nā ho'ohālikelike e ho'ohana nui'ia i ka'oihana koa a me nā'oihana ae'a. Ho'ohana kēia mau ho'opili i nā aniani hi'ohi'ona, e ho'omana'o ana i ka mālamalama o ke ao holo'oko'a i makemake'ole'ia. Ka mānoanoa o ka multilayer ka penaʻana ma luna o ia - mea ole oi ma mua o ka ke kōā o ka malamalama. Ho'okumu'ia nā papa o nā nanofilms o nā mea kaupona a me nā nitrides o nā metala waiwai nui a me nā'āpana. E ho'ohana i ka hui o ke aluminika, chromium, silicium, zirconium, magnesium, Titanium, gula, kālā. 'O kēlā a me kēia kānua ke'ano a hiki'ole ke'ike. 'O kēia ka mea i ho'okumu i nā kānaka i nā'oihana ho'okipa ho'omalu - nā mea'oihana, nā mea hana ki'i, nā mea ho'olaha, nā mea lawelawe - e ho'ohana i nā manawa o kēia mea kūikawā ma kā lākou mau hana. 'O ka hapanui nui loa i loa'a ma ka hana'ana i nā mea ho'omana'o mai nā kī'aha dichroic a me nā mea nani nani. 'O nā mea waiwai a me ka hana nui ma ka pulupulu'ana o ka dichroic he ma'alahi loa, no laila, ke kumu kū'ai o nā mea waiwai e pili ana i nā koina.

Kōkī'o Dichroic

'O ka'enehana o ka'ōnaehana papahana dichroic he mea kū ho'okahi. 'O ke kulekele e like me kahi o ka mea nānā i kahi plasma. I loko o ke keena o kahi ho'onohonoho kūikawā, e ho'omana'o i ka pilikino hasronic, ho'onāuki'ia i'elua haneri degere, e hana i kahi moena. I nā'ano kūpono, e hō'ike'ia kahi plasma ma ka mahele o ka pūhui metallic. Ho'opuka nā pūnaele pūnaele i nā mea koho electron mai ia mea, kahi e kau ma ke aniani. Hiki ke uhi'ia ka pahu ma ke pā'ana i ke aniani ma ka'eneki honua a no laila lō'ihi loa. I kēia'ano, e ho'ohana ana i nā pūpū like'ole o nā metala i'ōlelo'ia, hiki iā'oe ke loa'a nā haneli he nui o nā māmā māmā. I mea e ho'onui ai i ka'ano like'ole,'o ka ho'ohana'ana i ke aniani'ōni'oni'o e like me ke kumu o ka'ala'ana i ke aniani.

No ke aha Glass

'A'ole ke koho'ia'o Glass e like me ke kumu. 'O kēia kahi mea'ike'ikepō amorphous. Ho'opunipuni wikiwiki'o Glass, no ka loa'a'ole o ka manawa e crystallize. 'O ka mea nui no ka hana'ana i ke aniani he kiloikonika. 'O ka'enehana no ka hana'ana a me nā'ano like'ole e ho'oholo i nā'ano like'ole e like me ka hopena o ka hopena, ka pa'akikī, ke kū'ē'ana i ka wela, ke kū'ē'ana i ka wai a me nā mea kino, a pēlā aku. No ka sputtering palapala moʻopane dichroic hoʻohana paa borosilicate aniani me ke kiʻekiʻe heheʻe wahi. 'O ka hopena o ka'ula, ka'ālohilohi, ka hilina'i'ana e pili ana i nā mea o ka aniani, ka hui pū'ana o nā mea kau keleawe, ka mānoanoa a me ka helu o nā nanolayers o ka'oki.

Nā manawa kūpono no ka no'ono'o

Ua mahalo nui nā haku o ka lālā a me ke kukui i ka hanohano o nā mea i hana'ia e ke kanaka,'a'ole i emi iho i ka maika'i i nā pōhaku maika'i a kaulana. Hana i kahi aniani kilokilo me kou mau lima pono'ole kahi mea kūikawā hiki'ole. 'Ānō,'a'ole e hana'ia kēia. Ma nā māka kūkala kūikawā, aia ka nui o nā dichroics ma ke'ano o nā pepa holo'oko'a a i'ole ka li'ili'i'oi aku. No ka hana'ana i nā mea ho'omana'o, nā mosaics mai nā aniani like'ole, pono'oe e no'ono'o pono i ka launa pū me ka heluna ho'onui kauā. Pono e hō'ike'ia kēia hō'ailona'aka'iani o ke aniani e ka mea hana. He mea nui e like ka ESR no nā māhele like'ole, i'ole e ha'iha'i'ia ka hana o nā'āpana a me nā wāwae i ka wā e ho'onuanu ai a'a'ole e pihi. No nā haku, nā mea hana hana me nā lima pono'ī, nā mea kikowele pūnaewele e hā'awi ana i ke aniani dichroic i ke'ano o nā pele a me nā cabochons. 'O nā'ōpili Dichroic he oval, puni, oblong. Cabochons - ma ke'ano o nā'ano like'ole o nā'ano geometric, nā'ōle'a, nā hōkū a me nā'ano like'ole. Ma loko o kēia mau'ano like'ole, ua'oi aku ka nui o nā'ano o nā mea i ho'opiha'ia.