'O Ke Kula'o Sophia ma Kiev - ka mo'omana'o kahiko o Ukraine

Ma ka na'au o Kiev, he hana nui ia o nā manawa o Kievan Rus - St. Sophia Cathedral,'a'ole i makehewa ma ka papa inoa UNESCO. He hale nani a he ho'okahi wale nō kēia, kahi mo'olelo a me ka mo'omeheu o ka po'e Ukrainian. Makahiki o ke kūkulu o ka Hale Pule Nui ka ike ole: kekahi noiʻi e ihola i ka manaʻo i ka mea i kukulu Yaroslav Mudry, oiai kekahi poe koi i hoomaka? Ieoaeunoai ma lalo o Prince Vladimir. 'O ia paha, akā, me kona mau makahiki, kokoke i 1000 makahiki, ua ola ka luakini a hiki i kēia lā.

Ua ua ike ia St. Sophia Hale Pule Nui i kukulu ia ma Kiev e pili ana i ka ia manawa me ka Hagia Sophia o Constantinople. Ua kūkulu'ia ka luakini o Ukrainian e like me ka hale pule o kā mākou Lady-'Oranta, ma Constantinople. 'O ka hana'ana i ka Hale'o St. Sophia ma Kiev i ho'omaka'ia i ka lanakila o nā kānaka o Kiev ma luna o ka Pechenegs, ma ke kahua o ka hakakā kaua a ua kūkulu'ia ka luakini. Kona kuhikuhipuʻuone mea reminiscent o ka Byzantine kaila, koe wale no kekahi nuances, no laila ka mea, ua ea ae ia no kona kūkulu i kono poe paahana, mai Constantinople.

'O ka Halepule o St. Sophia ma Kiev kahi i hala aku i ka manawa ho'okahi. 'O ka manawa mua'o Andrei Bogolyubsky i hō'eha i ka halepule i 1169, a laila ua pau loa i ka puhi'ia ka halepule i loko o ke ahi i 1180. 'O ka horde o Khan Baty i ka makahiki 1240 i loa'a ka hopena maika'i'ole i ka moku'āina o ka'ekalesia, a ua lawehue'ia a ua luku'ia paha nā leka he nui i kēlā manawa. Ma ka XV ke kenekulia St. Sophia Hale Pule Nui ma Kiev, ua hao ʻia ka Crimean Tatars. A laila ua hiki mai ka manawa o ka emi'ana. Ka hou ana o ka ekalesia i i Ivan Mazepa ma ka XVII kenekulia.

'O ka loko o ka hale pule ka mea'ono a maika'i loa a'a'ole i ho'opau'ia e ka vandalism a me ka manawa. Ma luna o nā paia he nui nā frescoes, mosaics a me graffiti. Aia kekahi mau ki'i i hana'ia e nā mea pena Byzantine i ka kenekulia 11,'o ia ho'i, i ka wā i kukulu'ia ai ka luakini. Hana'ia nā hana mosaic i ka mālama'ia, a he waiwai nui ko lākou papa lole a ua hiki i ka'ehiku. 'A'ole i mālama'ia nā Frescos a ua ho'onui'ia ka hapa nui o lākou i ka makahiki XVII. Ua ho'oma'ema'e'ia kekahi o lākou i ke kenekulia XIX i ke'ano kumu maoli a ua uhi'ia me ka'aila, ua pena'ia nā pehu'ōpala o ka haku.

Ua lilo ka Halepule'o St. Sophia ma Kiev i kahi i ho'omaha ai ke koena o nā ali'i o Kievan Rus. Maanei ua loa'a i ka sarcophagus o Yaroslav the Wise, kāna keiki'o Vsevolod, a me nā mo'opuna o kāna mau keiki -'o Vladimir Monomakh a me Rostislav Vsevolodovich. Ua mālama'ia i nā halepule e like me "Cap of Monomakh", na Vladimir i hā'awi aku i ka Emperor o Byzantium, a me ke ke'a i lawe'ia mai mai Constantinople e Queen Olga.

Me ka hō'ea'ana mai o ka moku Soviet i ka kenekulia iwakālua, ua kūlana weliweli'ia ka Halepule'o St. Sophia ma Kiev. I kēlā manawa, ua ho'ohiolo'ia nā kumumana'o o ka mo'omeheu Karistiano, akā'o Farani ka mea i kū no ka halepule, no ka mea,'o ka wahine a ka Mō'ī Henry I Anna'o ke kaikamahine a Yaroslav the Wise, ka mea nāna i ho'okumu i ka halepule. I ka makahiki 1934, ua ho'oholo'ia e kūkulu i kahi hale ho'olālā ma kēia wahi.

St Sophia Cathedral a hiki i kēia lā he hale hō'ike'ike, no ia kumu,'a'ole ia he'ano o nā'ano ho'omana. Hoomana me ka mākaʻi wale, pakahi i ka makahiki - ma ka Lā o ke Kuokoa o Ukraine, ma Augate 24, alaila, e ho'ākoakoa pū 'elele o kekahi' aoʻao hoʻomana, e pule no ka pomaikai o ka aina.