He aha e na alveoli. akemāmā alveoli

Anatomical hale, a e e kūkākūkā i loko o keia pepa i kekahi hapa o na nenoai elua o ke kanaka kino: ka naehana hanu a me ka digestive. Ua like no me pūnāwai a aeee, ka mea, i ka ihola ia okoa histological 'ole, a hana nā hana. Ma embryogenesis hoʻomōhala mau germ papa - endoderm, a me ka mesoderm. He kanaka alveoli. Ka mea, nā pneumatic akemāmā'aʻaʻa a Wa Mamua i loko o ka iwi o ka luna, a malalo iwi. Mākou i lawe i ka nana aku i kēia mau hale a ma ka au mamuli.

Ka mawaho 'ole o ka mall huahelu o ka akemāmā'aʻaʻa

Kanaka ia maʻiʻaʻai - ua hui kaulua nā loko,? Iaeoe kokoke i ka anai pahu lua, a no ka hōʻoia 'kokuaia mai o oxygen i loko o ke kino o ka keena, a me ka wehe' ana i oi ke kalapona'okikene lua a me ka wai. Paʻa kinoea mail mea hiki no i ka mea kū hoʻokahi 'ole o ke akemāmā'aʻaʻa, oia hoi o ka helu nui o microscopic saccular me ka ho okumu. paia protrusion o ka parenchyma o ka naehana'ōnaehana i kohu i ka waihona meli - i ka mea o ka alveoli. No ka mea, kokoke kanu'ōiwi nā mea pili interalveolar septum iloko olaila a mau epithelial papa i loaʻa i lalo-hoʻokino keena. Ma waena o ia mau collagen olona, a me ka reticular'aʻaʻa, intercellular waiwai, a me ka capillaries. A pau i ka luna hale i kapaia interstitium. It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka mea ulana pukapuka, o na moku i ke koko i loko o ka maʻiʻaʻai o ka nui loa, a manamana ai i loko o ke kanaka kino. Ke kumu o ia me ia Via alveoli i loko o nā maʻiʻaʻai ua hoʻolako 'ia e amo i carbon dioxide mai ka venous koko i loko o ka alveolar lumen, a e hooholo ia ana o o oxygen mau mea i loko o ke koko.

koko ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai

Loaa i ka hapa inspiratory o ka lewa i loko o nā alveoli o na maʻiʻaʻai, a i akoakoa, e like me ka pua kiele o hua waina ma ka thinnest paipu - bronchioles. Mai ke koko hoʻokaʻawale ia Triple 'ole, i ka mānoanoa o 0.1-1.5 microns, kapa ea-koko ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai. Ua nā ka alveolarʻili lahilahi, a cytoplasm o ka oihana mua, māhele o endothelium a me ke kinowai Contents. No ka hoomaopopo maikaʻi o ka mea na alveoli a me ka mea i kona oihana, e pono e hoomanao i ka maholahune o kinoea i loko o nā maʻiʻaʻai mea i hiki ole i na hale a me interalveolar septum, ke koko ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai, a me ka interstitium, a iloko ona i kakauia fibroblasts, macrophages a me leukocytes. An nui kuleana pili i ua hana e alveolar macrophages, alveolar septa i hoʻonohonoho ai i loko, a e pili capillaries. Here ka mea, hoopili i ka palapala waiwai a me (particles) i loaa i loko o ka maʻiʻaʻai i inhalation. hiki no hoi Macrophages phagocytose ulaula koko keena trapped i loko o ka alveolar Oe ina diagnosed kekahi kanaka me ka naau e hemahema, kaumaha congestion symptoms i loko o ka ia maʻiʻaʻai.

ʻano papa hana o ka mawaho ka hanu nā

Ke keena o ka meaola i hoakakaia me ka o oxygen, a hookuuia oia mai ka i carbon dioxide ma ke koko maalo ae la oia ma ka alveolar capillary pukapuka. Ma hope lewa-koko ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai i loko o ke ku pono ana i ala e hiki aku i noke neʻe i oxygen a me carbon dioxide i ho oku mai ka kaleponaʻakika a me kona paʻakai, carbonic anhydrase'ūhū. Ua mea i loko o ka ula koko keena. I ka nui o ka maholahune hiki e hookolokoloiaʻi e au, ma ke kumu o na kēia mau huahelu: ma kahi o 300 miliona alveoli ho okumu i akemāmā'aʻaʻa ke kaha 140 m + ² o kaʻilikai kinoea launa kaʻina a me ka hoʻolako mawaho ka hanu. Ka luna kūʻiʻo wehewehe mea na alveoli a me ke kūlana e hanaʻia i loko o ka wehe aʻe o ka 'ona i loko o mākou kino. I mea, ia mea he nui hehee ai no ke kaʻina hana o ka hanu.

Histological 'ole o ka alveoli

Ua manaoia i ka'anatomia o ke akemāmā'aʻaʻa keena, e mākou manawa ma luna o lākou? Ueo 'ano. I ka haku mele 'ana o nā alveoli, he mau ano o ka oihana mua kapa keena o ke' ano aʻu a me II. Mua - he i lalo shape hiki o adsorbing (particles) o ka lepo, uahi a me ka lepo, i loko o ke ana ea. An nui kuleana pili i ka mea hana pinocytic blisters piha me ka kumuʻiʻo kūpapakū. Ka mea, emi kaʻilikai hoʻopilikia o na alveoli, a pale ia lakou mai ka haule ana aku i exhalation. Kekahi hehee ai o ke 'ano au keena - i ka panina' ole ana me ka aooa? A Aʻole 'ae' interstitial loli, e komo i loko o ka alveoli o ka lua piha me ka lewa. ka'ololahaʻano II aeea pūʻulu i cytoplasm like hua. Ka mea i loaʻa i loko o ka alveolar paia, hiki oʻeleu mitosis, a me keia kumu i ka noho a me ka ulu ana o keena o ke akemāmā'aʻaʻa.

Alveoli ma dentistry

Wa Mamua i loko o ka iwi ā, a mau hale, i ka niho kumu - i ka mea o ka alveoli. Kona pā ua hanaʻia ma ka olelo hoopomaikai mea i loaa i papa palapala. Ua kekahi mau osteocytes, e like me paʻakai o ka kalipuna, phosphorus, kiniki a me ka fluorine, no laila, i lawa paa a me ka ikaika. Ka una honua ua pili i ka iwi ā iwi kaola, a ua parodontnye kaula makalii o ka collagen olona. Ua Ua kekahi koloka lako me ke koko, a me Hilo nā aʻalolo a hāʻule pahū wale. Ma hope o ana o ka niho koe ikaika nei iluna paia o ka pā hapa o ke kumu, a me ka iwi septum. Hoola i ka alveoli o na niho no 3-5 mahina ma ke kahua o ka granulation'aʻaʻa i ka hoʻomaka, ua UAIAaIN ma osteoid, i ukali ia e oʻo iwi'aʻaʻa o ka iwi ā.