Ol ' "Adimarala Gorshkov" Project 22350

Moku - ka hailona o wale ka loa holomua koa, a industrialized'āina. Oe ke kuai i ka moku, akā, e hana i ka aeuiiai ieaia? Holoʻokoʻa mea e pono ai ia ia, e lanakila. Ia mea i kahaha ko oukou naau i ka moku'āina o ka shipbuilding hana ma ko makou aina, kena ae la i ka hohonu dejection luina: Ua i kūkulu i nā moku hou, ke kahiko i nā kūkulu o ka puke. Mea pōmaikaʻi, hoomaka ae la ke kahua i nā i ka hoʻoikaika 'ana. A pilikia makapō e hooiaio ai - ol ' "Adimarala Gorshkov".

Ua Ua ee aku ma luna o October 29, 2010. Kēia hanana i kū hoʻokahi i loko o ia mea, 'aʻole wale nō ka mea mua moku a hemo aku ma hope o ka Union, akā, i ka mua mamuli o keia ano keia ano o ka' ike loea, i ka papahana "mai ka kūikawā", me ka hoʻohana 'ana o Soviet Aey? Acaeoey.

About ka moʻolelo o

Koke ma hope o ka aina i ke kala a hiki i ke kuhikuhi i ka hana o ka hou shipbuilding polokalamu, ka mea i waiho ia, a ee aku ma luna o ka mokuluu papahana 955, 885 a me 667. Soon ka mea, ua i ka huli o ka 'ilikai moku. New ol ' "Adimarala Gorshkov" Project 22350 i hanaia ma ka poe akamai i KB "North". Luna Nui akamai o ka papahana ua P.M.Shrayko. Bookmark o ka moku ana i ka 2006. Like paha e manaoia, o ka mua ol 'o Project 22350 kūkulu nui hou i manaoia, akā, nae shipbuilders e hoʻokele i ka malama o kekahi kōā, ma naʻe o nā mea a pau i ka pilikia.

Ua hana hou moku i manao ai, a ua pono hoi ia i ka 2003. Ka wā, i ka 2005, ua hai kona kapili i ka lehulehu opiopio, loaʻa wale ekolu nui artist i makemake loa nui e like me ia tidbit ua i loaʻa nā kānaka hoʻokūkū, "Severnaya Verf", "Amber" a me ka "Sevmash". Ma ka hopena, i ka pono e kūkulu ua koe no St. Petersburg, "Severnaya Verf". Experience ua hoike mai ia ia i ka manao pono.

Nui o Project 22350 moku no ka aina o ka pale

Ua lilo i mea haohao hua'ōlelo i ke kapakai o ka aina ua wehewehe aku i ka lōʻihi, a me kona pilikia'āina. mākou'auwaʻa mea he pilikia i loko o ia mea, ka loaʻa o ka lākou o morally a technically obsolete moku, a ma ka hihia o ka papakaukau kaua Loaʻaʻia enemi wale hiki aole hoomalu nae lakou i ka poe he nui ele ele, a hiki maʻamau pāʻani aku i kekahi i kekahi a me nā lālā o ka Lūkini Moana. Ol ' "Adimarala Gorshkov" ku e keia kāʻei kua, mea i loko o ka mea eʻoi aʻe kulana, no ka mea, mea he nunui-manaʻo hakakā pa alima.

Penei, Rusia ma ka shortest manawa pono e lalo loa i ka wai, e like me ka nui i hiki mai o kēia mau moku i ka Coast koa, a i lako pono me ka pono Sam, a RCC. Kēia e kōkua e kūkulu i ka maʻamau malu Coast, me ka e hoʻohana hou pipiʻi specimens o nā mea kaua. Ma ka like ala oʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia i kēia lā. Ke koa alakaʻi o ke aupuni e like me ka manawa e kālele ana ma luna o ka hana ana o ka helu nui o kŘpa a inexpensive a me ka ooieoeiiaeuiuo moku, manao no ka hoomalu ana i Hawaiian wai.

It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka Black Sea'auwaʻa ua oi pono ai i loko o ia mau mea. Ka mea i keia mea mākou pūʻulu mea ma ka mamao loa, mai ka 'ē aʻe kaua'auwaʻa. Iloko o ka "hooponopono ana" o Ukrainians ma ka aina Crimean, aohe mea kokoke i maʻamau ea pale nenoai a me Kao lele lako kaua pale. A me ka poe i koe nō i loko o ole ala e hiki ka pono me ka pale kaua ku e hiki enemi hahau koe ?? eoi? Ee. Ka wale moku i oi a emi hoʻopili like me ka moku lawe hae o ka Black Sea'auwaʻa, GvRKr pāhana 1164,5 "Moscow". 'Aʻole wale nō i ia mea hoʻokahi, a pēlā nō hoʻi kaua kaa'ōnaehanaʻae nō hoʻi' aʻole i kōʻiʻo nō o kēia e pono ai.

Ua hoʻokumu i kekahi ano o S-300F "Fort", a ua maopopo hoʻokahi me ka "aina" Anati-mokulele Kao lele lako kaua luna 'S-300PS. ʻO kā mākou kiʻekiʻe o hitting pale - mai i 27 kilomika. I ka Ia manawa, e hiki ke hoʻopio i ka eono ea pale ma ka mamao o 90 kilomika. E like me 'oe ke ike, i ka mea e poʻokela, mākou ea pale koa i loko o nā māhele'āina hou o ka Hui hiki ole kaena. Ka mea, ua hiki i ka hemahema i keia kulana, hoomaka ae mālama nui rula o ka houʻano o nā moku i loko o nā makahiki, a me kekahi o ka loa kilakila mea pono i ka ia ol 'o ka papahana 22350 "Adimarala Gorshkov".

Otherness

Ka moku Ua maikai no ka mea, ua papahana e hana i loko o nā ke kokoke a me ke kai ciia loa, e like me ka hoʻomaka hakakā ana i loko o ka oceanic kaiapuni. Pohupani hale - kahi o 4.500 tons, i ka i kā mākou lōʻihi - ole e emi malalo o 130 m, i ka laula o ka hauna o ma kona widest wahi - 16 mau mika. Ka lōʻihi o ka papa - oi aku mamua o eha tausani mile, i ka manawa o ka hoʻokele mea,ʻaʻole i kaupalena '. Ma waho aʻeo i ka ikaika mea kaua a me ka Kao lele lako kaua me na mea kaua, he mea he pola no ka hookamaia o ka hakakā helekopa (Ka-28).

I waena o nā mea a pau, ol ' "Gorshkov" Ua kū hoʻokahi i loko o mea ole emi malalo o 30% o ka' ike loea hou loa hou a me nā mea i hoʻohana i loko o kona kūkuluʻia. Hoʻokūkū ana ma Americans, i ai superstructure a me ka wheelhouse hanaia ma "stealth" 'enehana a hoʻolako ikaika hoopuehu o Radar hawewe, kaulike he kiʻekiʻe degere o ka mahuka moku. 'Aʻole surprisingly, ke degere o ka mahuka i loko o kona mea i manao ai ua "ma ka' ilikai": e pili ana i ke ano o ka "Adimarala" Uaʻike wale nō i ka poʻe akamai a me ka shipbuilders. Ke kaomi i ole pūnāwai a hiki i ka holo aku.

airborne armament

Ol ' "Adimarala Gorshkov" (Hawaii photo 2014 Ua hoomaopopoia'na o kona hoaoia'na,) hāpai i luna o ka kilakila hakakā nenoaiu. Ua loaʻa o ka pau o na pu ki o Anati-moku Kao lele lako kaua ( "mosquito"), a me ka caliber o ka pu mauna o ka 130 mm o (ka uku o 30 puni o ka minuke), a me ka Anati-Kao lele lako kaua Kao lele lako kaua o na pu ki, a me ka Anati-luna '. Penei, he ol 'o ka papahana 22350 "Adimarala Gorshkov" i kekahi kilakila hoomaluia, a hiki e ku mai no ia lakou iho ma kekahi kulana.

ASW moku hoomalu

ASW he i na mea kaua mai ka mau hoʻomaka eiiieaenu Medvedka-2. Ka mea, i ke aupuni 'o ka mawaena konu hapa o ka moku. Kēlā me kēia launcher kauoha eha Kao lele lako kaua me kaʻeleu alakaʻi. No ka mea ka loaʻaʻana o kaʻenemi moku mokuluu sonar'ōnaehana mākou ke pane "Zarya-M." A laila ka mea, ua? Oaony e puku i kēia 'ano o ka wahi ma luna o kona holomua Analog, "vignette-M."

Ka 'ole o kēia mau mea i ka loaʻa o ka'ōlewa kukuna (GPBA) a me ka lēkio leo a hiki i ka hoʻokō ka loaʻaʻana o ka haʻahaʻa-halulu mokuluu hope hanauna. I waena o nā mea a pau,ʻo ia nenoaia hiki pono onoho ana torpedoes a me ka honua moku o kaʻenemi ma ka mamao o 60 ei. Pela, e kikeke mai i ka ol ' "Adimarala Gorshkov", ka hoʻohana' ana i ka maʻamau torpedo hoouka aneane hiki ole i.

Hoomalu ana o ke koa maunakea

Ka oiaio Kahiāuli Ho'ā o ka moku nei e hoʻonoho 3S14U1 (UKSK). O ke ala a ka Kao lele lako kaua. Kēia hanana eiiieaena o kona "omnivorous": hiki ke auou caiaiai i kekahi manawa ammunition, e kauoha ana i ka moku hoakaka e no hoi loli. No hoi, oe e kālele ana ma luna o nā 'ano o Anati-mokulele, "Rif-M." E hai mai oe iaʻu i loko o ka Media, ka mea, ua pinepine kapaia "Poliment-Redoute."

So. Kekahi kilakila ola hana "Waikiki" mea i okoa, akā, pono hoʻokahi me ka aina "Vityaz". O ka holo ana, ia mea ma ka lima me ka poʻe luina Kelemania e, a me kā lākou'āina "nā hoapili" like ammunition hiki e recharged aneane anywhere loaʻa ka ea pale. I mea,ʻaʻole e haʻalele i ka lele enemi i hiki ole, o ka moku ua i hoʻouka kekahi he houʻano o ka Radar, wehewehe aku ma kiʻekiʻe hana i loko o nā wahi likeʻole o ka loaʻaʻana i kakahiaka nui o ka mokulele.

Kuleana no ka mea, e like ehaʻelua e kū'ē (AESA) "Poliment". Poe akamai i manaʻo i loko o ka moku mua aku o kēia 'ano, e e hoonoho i hookahi ahi hooponopono'ōnaehana, e like me ka mea hoʻonoho o ke A-192, a Zach "Broadsword." Ma ke ala e olelo ana, i ka i hala ua ua hoʻouka kekahi ma luna o ka ol ' "Adimarala Gorshkov" (a i ka Hawaii photo i loko o ka' atikala). Kā lākou hana mea e uhi ai i koʻokoʻo onboard Ka-28 ka wā lawe ana aku a me ka pae. A pau ka hakakā hehee hana i loko o ka hookahi kaapuni, ka hoʻolako 'ike loea hoomalu mai ka ol' hakakā mokulele a me helicopters.

Ke aiiay kaapuni i ka moku i kekahi "kokoke" e paʻa, a alakai koke 16 lele mea. No ka wā pana interception - i kekahi rocket no kekona. Oia hoi, ina kekahi e e hiki ke hemo mai ma 22350 ol ' "Adimarala Gorshkov" eʻaneʻane oiaio kikeke aku ia ia mai ka mea kaua nenoai. Ka hoʻohui pū 'ia o ka' akomi pu caliber 130 mm o, a me ka 'akomi alakaʻi'ōnaehana - he mea weliweli. Mai poina e pili ana i ka mana ma luna-papa lolouila ke kaua, i mea hiki ke kokoke loa uhi i ka'ōnaehana o ke kamepiula alakaʻiʻenemi Kao lele lako kaua. Kēia,ʻaʻole wale nō me ka nui loa maoli ka degere o ka hoomaluhia "Adimarala", akā, i hiki dramatically emi i ka haawe ana ma luna o ka luina i loko o ka hakakā kulana home 'ole.

A ma ka Anati-mokulele armament

'Aʻole no laila lōʻihi aku nei ia la ia mea i loko o MNIIRE "Altair" mea ma lalo o ke ala, e kūkulu i kekahi hou uuku-pepa paia'ōnaehana, ke hoʻololi e hoʻopale moku kaua me ka pohupani hale o ka 1000 i ka 4.5 miliona tona. New Anati-mokulele kī, e e nānā 'ana i pono-ai Sam "Rif-M." Ua Ua ea ae ka hana i ka mea e hana 9M96E rockets, okoaʻeleu homing a me ka pale kaua inertial laka kahua. Ka hui malu pu ana o kēia mau nenoai, e hana i kekahi io formidable kaua, hiki hoi e intercept loa maneuverable mokulele me ka pahiki kiʻekiʻe o ka ole.

Keia i kekahi mai kona nā kānaka hoʻokūkū ol ' "Adimarala Gorshkov". Photos o ka moku, ua hiki ke koke hooiaio i ka poe akamai i ka mea i hiki ke hoopuni lawelawe i ka hapanui o ka hakakā mokulele paha hoa paio.

mana kanu

Ma mau, ia mea e kahaha ko oukou naau: kakolina diesel kinoea mīkini peahi uila mea kanu, nona ka naʻe ia ma kahi o 65 000 Hp Ua pili ia CODAG 'ano kakolina diesel engine iho e pili ana i ka ohana-DGTA M55MR (a pau i loko o ka hookahi hale noho). Keia manao pāʻoihana i 'ae' e hui pu iho la ka poe kiʻekiʻe i kā mākou mana a me ka maikaʻi loa ka hoʻokōʻana i ka wa e hoohauhee ana i haahaa ka wikiwiki (kai o na hoao ana o ka ol ' "Adimarala Gorshkov" Ua maopopo shown).

Kinoea-mīkini peahi uila pa alima ua aia i loko o ka mua, pahu, ke kakolina diesel ua mea maʻa mau aia ma ka hope.

A piha ho'ākāka 'ana o ka mea hoʻonoho o ke kakolina diesel

Hookah o ai kakolina diesel kiko'ī 10D49 o Kolomna hola. Ka mana o kēlā me kēia o 3825 kW (5200 Hp), ka mea, e hoakaka hana nona iho. Ma kela a me keia - mau-ka māmā holo ka ho'ēmiʻana kapa, i mea kuleana no ke kaʻawale, a me ke ami hoi ana o na Hawaii elua. Eia hoi, aia no he kuʻikahi e hooponopono kahua. Ia lakou iho me kinoea turbines, kinoea mīkini peahi uila engine M90FR, papahana ma nā kaulana poʻe - NPO "Saturn" a me NPP "Dawn - Mashproekt".

Me kēia mau poʻe 'ike, ua hiki ole ia ia iho ol' "Adimarala Gorshkov". 2014 hoao ia'auwaʻa'ōnaehana mea nui koʻu mahalo ia lakou, e like me nā poʻe loaa lokomaikaʻi aupuni aelike. Ua Ua manaolana ia ia he maikaʻi au e hoʻomau i loko o ka wā e hiki mai.

Wale ma kekahi kakolina diesel powerplant moku, e hoopuka koke 10400 HP, a makemake e lawa i ka uhai mai ai i 10-13 knots. Inā nā hana diesels a me ka mīkini peahi uila mana ulu pono mai i 64800 Hp, no laila, i ka pohupani hale mīkini o tons eha tausani hōʻeleu i ke 30 knots. He aha mākou i heluʻia i loko o ia au mamuli? He aha e kou manaʻo,ʻaʻole i hoʻohanaʻia no ke aha la ka hana o ka moku propulsion i loko o nā moku o ka Soviet'auwaʻa? ʻO puni hoʻi:ʻaʻohe kekahi makemake e lawe kuleana like me ka hooulu ana o ka luna 'kahua. System a e e ole wale ikaika, akā,'āina ike loea.

Ma keia wahi, ua hiki ke kiʻi a puni kā lākou Soviet nā hoapili i makemake ai, mahope mai o ka moku "Adimarala Gorshkov" Lūkini shipbuilders - ua he maoli "mua-hanau" o kia-Soviet shipbuilders. Ma keia mea, Ua like ke T-50 kinai. Kēia mokulele ua kekahi papahana "mai ka kūikawā" o ka Lūkini haku polokalamu.

kekahi hualoaʻa

E olelo nui, o ka "Adimarala Gorshkov" - He ol ', ma na aoao he mea' ano typical ka Luna o ka Soviet-Russian shipbuilding kula. Eia naʻe, no ka mea, i ka manawa mua i loko o ka moʻolelo o ko mākou'auwaʻa ma luna o kaʻilikai moku Kao lele lako kaua waiho i loko o mines. Ma ke ala e olelo ana, mākou 'Amelika "nā hoapili" Ua ike loa ia e pono ai i ka pono e like me ka hoʻokomo' ana i kēia 'ano o nā mea kaua, e like me ia ma keia ina he mea hiki, e hoʻopau i ka "Zoo" napoo ana no hoi, e holo, i mea ai typical no ka Soviet Moku. Kēia e me ka nui loa emi i ka lilo o ka hana o ka moku, i koi 'ia e kuke ka emi hoʻomalu.

Auwe, i ole i ka Lūkini Moku a 2010 ka unification i loko o kēia kahua. A, kēlā (!) Kao lele lako kaua'ōnaehana i kona iho kekahi palapala noi. Hope he mea kokoke i ka hoopau ana i ka manaʻo o ka pili ana multipurpose moku. Inā mākou shipbuilding hana, e lawe i ke ala i wālua i ka moku "Adimarala Gorshkov", i ka'auwaʻa hope kiʻi i ka io paʻa,'ōlewa a me ka ikaika kaua, i hiki ke hoʻohana 'ka pono ma ka Lūkini kapakai.

No ka mea, o ka mea ka "Adimarala Gorshkov" no ka ai lōʻihi i hoʻolauna i loko o ka'ōnaehana?

I ka papa kuhikuhiE pilikia, ma muli o ia i mau i e ka hailonaʻana, maʻi lateness ua i ka huli ana i hookaawale nenoai. Ae, ke cruiser "Adimarala Gorshkov" kukulu iho la i ka St. Petersburg shipyard, akā, no ka mea, a pau na mea kaua, Radar a me ka papa anuʻu loa kai Acoustic nenoai hoolako loaʻokoʻa nā kānaka kūkulu! Ma ia waiho kaʻana like 'ana i ka liona ka o ke kuleana no ka postponement o ka haawi ana o ka ol'. Ma kekahi, he nui na pilikia i lawe mai Sam nenoai a me ka papa anuʻu loa kai Acoustic. Eia hou, he mau o ka manawa ole i ka haawi ana o eiiiiiaiou no ka mea hou kaua'ōnaehana, me ka a ka ol 'HA. 22350 "Adimarala Gorshkov" iki i ka mea oi ana i ka moku o ka ia papa.

Like lulu popilikia Admiralty Wehewehe i nā hāʻina i ka pilikia o ka nele o na moku?

I ka rula, he mea ka akau olelo hooholo, i ua manawa hoʻomano i hoʻohana. Mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka "nā'ōlelo" ka manaʻo o ka moku, a hiki hana me ka tactical niche. No ka mea, ma keia wahi o ka papahana 22350 ol 'i ke kūkulu koke lawa, ka mea i hooholoia io? I ka hana o ka ho'ēmi kaa, no ka ohana 11356 (eono o lakou i loaa India). I loko nō kona unification, ka mea e e hoʻohana 'ia ma nā'auwaʻa. Eia naʻe, loa hana me ka huikau i loko o ka nomenclature hiki ole ia manawa. Ke wale hooluolu mea i mea e ole e like i hookahuli ai i ka mea i loko o ka manawa o ka Union.

Inā mākou e loiloi i ka mākaukau ol 'o Project 22350 papahana no ka retrofitting ka Black Sea'auwaʻa, ka mea e olelo ana e hiki mai ana. All manao e ho'āla ai eono moku. Ol ' "Adimarala Grigorovich," ua manaoia e waiho i loko o hoohana ia e pili ana i ka lua o ka hapalua o ka 2015. Kona "kaikaina," "Adimarala Essen" hoʻomaka e heʻe i ka wai o ka Black kai i ka 2016. Ka moku "Adimarala Makarov" meaʻaʻole paha ia e makaukau mua 2017.

Oia hoi, ina ua lawe i ka mooolelo o ka dramatically mahuahua lehulehu ke kālā i loko o shipbuilding a me ka hoʻouka o ka hanalima hana i loko o ka Crimea, hou-'auwaʻa ka pilikia nui hoolohi. Pela, ke ol ' "Adimarala Gorshkov", a e ho'āʻo ai i hōʻike kilakila hualoaʻa ma na mea he nui i ka mahalo o ka mea wale nō pono koho. Kekahi hiki wale manaolana i na wahi lulu ka hana, e hānai i kēia momentum.

ka hopena

Ka mea a ka mea, ua, i ka hana o ka ol ' "Adimarala Gorshkov" maopopo hōʻike heʻoi intensification o ko mākou shipbuilding hana. I ka wā e ke kakahiaka nui 1990s, i ka'auwaʻa i i kiʻi no laila, he nui hou moku. ʻO ia wale nō no ka mea, o ka mea pinepine breakdowns o ka Moana lako loaʻa hou o ka iaʻano ol ', a pinepine hiki wale ke hoʻohana' ia ma ka tactical niche. E like me 'oe ke noonoo, keia kahua mea,ʻaʻole he pono i ka mea pono ke pale ioeaie o ka aina.

Ma kekahi mau kanaka e mahalo i'Āhewa no keia, a me ka koa iho, i mea ole mau makaukau i ka i Manufacturers pono, a ma ka au mamuli o ka TOR. Eia hou kekahi, i ka wā i hana 'ieoaeunoaa o ka ol' "Adimarala Gorshkov", pinepine e ka hoʻoponopono 'ana i kona helehelena, a ma nā'āina hiki ole e. Aia Ua hoi ka lānai hou ulu manao hilo hou papa o ka moku, i wale i ole i hana kūpono mea kaua. Palu ia "ma o ka nalo," i wale hiki aku ai i ka drastic mahuahua i loko o ka waiwai e lilo aku o ke kūkuluʻia, akā, no hoi, e'ō aku lā palena pau i excessive mea.

Mai ka hola a hiki i ka mea kanu papahana i kekahi pū i hiki ole e hele ana ma ka nui nui o ka ula lola. E paʻa ana i ka pono, nā papahana a me nā papahana kupono ke 'o kēlā me kēia shipyard ua hanaʻaneʻane i ka manuale ano. Ke kulana mea pakahi aku la ia deplorable i loko o ka Pacific'auwaʻa, kahi shipyards a haʻalele i nā mea a pau, a me ka mea mau, akā, i lako pono me ka lōʻihi manawa kahiko antiquated pono a me ka oaoieei pono, i mea wale ole pono no kēia ol '. Ke totality o nā mea a pau kēia mau pilikia ma manawa, hiki ke alakai i loa kaʻawaʻawa loa hopena.

I ka rula, he mea nui i ka euanelio. No laila, Western nā ho'āpono eʻaʻole i i ka hou-'auwaʻa i hookoia, no ka mea, o ka hana ana o na moku ua hoʻohana 'ana i wahi lulu enehana wale. O ka holo ana, i ka waiwai o kekahi mauʻanoʻenehana pāʻoihana hiki ke hoʻoponopono i ka hailona o ka pilikia, akā, i kēia koho mea kokoke unreal i loko o ka malamalama o ka papa realities o kuwaho. Ka mea a ka mea, ua, akā, no ka cruiser "Adimarala Gorshkov" - he maoli haaheo o ko mākou shipbuilding hana.