Oliver Cromwell: i Kawaihae o ka luna koa. Historical hopena o ka Protectorate o Cromwell

Oliver Cromwell - o kekahi o nā kiʻi loa kaulana o ka moku'āina o Beritania. Loaa kaulana i ke aloha i kona mau koa e piʻi like a me nā mea hoʻololi.

Kawaihae: Kromvel Oliver. Iki: ke ola ma mua o ka kaua,

Hânau 'ia i ka 1599 ma Huntingdon County. haku hale 'ohana ua ilihune ma nā puke maʻamau, o ka Pelekania waiwai o ka manawa. Oliver moʻokūʻauhau hiki ke Hahai I hoʻi a hiki i ka noho alii ana o Henry VIII. Ua ua i ia manawa i ka genus ua hiki ke e i ka pomaikai, lakou waiwai i ka aina o ka ekalesia, a me ka, presumably, e kiʻi i ka lani kiekie loa inoa. Kekahi hanauna Cromwell ua kokoke ia i ke alii, a me Tomas Kromvel a hiki i malamaʻi, me kuhikuhi Henry 8 makahiki.

Ma ka piko o ke kalana - ke ia kulanakauhale Huntingdon - Oliver loaa i kona iniiaiie hoʻonaʻauao. Family ikaika hahai ma hope o ka Puritan "uhane". No laila, hou haʻawina Cromwell, noho no lakou ma Sidney Sussex College, i i ikeia no kona mau mooolelo a me Protestant Calvinism, i mea no ka hoʻomaopop 'ana i loko o Puritanism. Education loio i Sciences Thomas i ole i kona makemake, a oia koke kulu mai. Ma ka manaʻo koʻikoʻi o nāʻohana, lalau iho la oia i ka wahine i ke kaikamahine o ka uuku landowner.

Ka hoʻomaka o ke Kanawai War

I ka hoʻomaka o ka 17th kenekulia ma Pelekane ua ulu'ōhumu mai me ke kikowaena aupuni. Ka piha aupuni mō'ī o King Charles au ua i hiki ke lawe mai i ka mea e pono ai nā mea hoʻololi. Monarch, me ka nānā 'ana ma o ka Ekalesia oʻEnelani, i me ka nui loa hoemiia ka aoao o ka hale kanawai. Ua kōkua iā ia i ka kahiko aina Auhau a me ka hooponopono ana nenoaiu e hoʻihoʻi aku. Mau loli 'Ua kena ae la kāʻeoʻeo i waena o na kanaka, i alakai aku ai i ka uprising.

Kākoʻo o Puritanism i na poe ma ka hale kanawai ma kekahi mau aoao, ka hapanui o ka poe lōpū kākoʻo o ka mālama 'ana i ecclesiastical mana. Akā, hapa o ka Puritans i hana mai i kekahi aoao "Roundheads" - he'ano'ē Protestant hui, me ka manao o ka mea i ma ke kipi, e hoohiolo iho i ka mō'ī. Ua Ua alai ai e Oliver Cromwell.

Ironsides lio

Ka hoʻomaka o ke Kanawai Kaua hiki ke noʻonoʻo pono i ka pomaikai ole oe hoao ana o ka Moi, e hopu elima mp. Ma hope iho o ia, hoomaka ae la kaʻaoʻaoʻelua, e hōʻiliʻili hao wale. The Royal Army i ka ikaika lio i haawi ia ia i ka nui lanakila. Hale kanawai koa oia o militias ka poe i lawe mua mai i na mea kaua. Ua i laila i Cromwell hoʻoholo ihola e hana i kekahi paukū o ka holo lio, ka mea i hiki ke kaua aku hoʻi i nā aliʻi lio.

Oliver iho ua i koa, a i ole hele ma aʻo, akā, makahiki zemlevladelchestva hāʻawi akula iā ia i manaʻo e pili ana i nā kaʻa. I ka hoomaka ana o ke kaua, lilo ia i luna o ka lio poe o kanalima kanaka. He ao mai ia lakou e hoouka aku i loko o nā kaua, a hoouka mai ka pūhaka. Iloko o ka hakakā, ka lio o Cromwell paaʻaoʻao ma kaʻaoʻao, a pepehi i kekahi apana, oiai e ke aliʻi lio, iloko olaila o kekahi keena-kūlana kanaka, hooukaia mai randomly. HOU koke haawi hopena, a me Oliver Cromwell lilo i ka luna o ka mea kaulana pūʻulu "Ironsides lio."

Hakakā pa alima i kahi o 2 tausani ikaika. A pau o ia i ua hoao a me ka ikaika koho. Kēlā me kēia koa ua he ikaika kākoʻo iā ia, no ka Kalawina a me Puritan. Oliver Cromwell pāpā inu ana a me nā polokalamu i loko o kahi i hoʻomoana ai waihoia mai ai ia ia ma ka pae. Maikaʻi loa hana a me ke kanana 'ana i mea propaganda keiki. Local kanaka mahalo abstainers ikaika a massively hui i ka poe koa o parliamentarians. Ke hoʻomoana Ua hoohaahaaia iho dependency luna kiʻekiʻe o ke kumu. Nolaila, o ka mokuna iʻano pili-hookahi ana a me ka noho aloha pū. No ka ikaika a me ka fortitude ma luna o ke kahua kaua lio o Cromwell loaa ka inoa "Ironsides".

Mastering North

Ma ka hapalua like-kauwela 1644 hale kanawai koa i paa i ka pua ana o Ioka - na kumu paʻa o ke aliʻi (royalist) ke aupuni i loko o ka 'Ākau. Na aoao elua i hoomaopopo i ka kekahi kaʻakālai nui o ke kulanakauhale, nolaila, anao? Aou a hiki i keia kaiaulu kona oi koa. Korol Karl hoouna kāna keiki hanauna Rupert i ke kōkua o ke kaua, no ka makau o kau aku la i ke kulanakauhale ka pā kaua. Māmā kilo puʻe wale akula kēlā i ka poe koa e emi hope parliamentarians. Hoʻoikaika ma keia pomaikai, Prince Rupert hui mai me ke koena o ka poe koa aliʻi, a hele Marson Moor, a me ka AIM e uhai i ke koa "Roundheads".

July 2nd lima i kūkuluʻia ma ka mea o ke kaua, e kali ana no ke kaua. Ke kaulana "keonimana" i loko o ka nui o ka 6000, kū'ē i ka poʻe kaua o nā hoʻoholo lio i alakaʻi Oliver Cromwell. Luna koa i waiho i koena o ka uuku platoon o Ipelana lio i ka noho pilikia wahi, i hiki. Ka Hekikai no AiON Hekikai hele mai i Marson-Moore 17000th kaua. Parliamentarians ua no ka 10 tausani hou. Akā, me ka kaua mea pili kēia e kaukaʻi ma ka lio ana. Cromwell Ua aia ma ka eheu akau. He kauoha i kona poe kanaka,ʻaʻole e hāʻule 'Aʻohe wai iaʻu ma hope o ke kaua, a no ka hana like hookahi heʻahahui. Rupert i ka lio, ua hōʻike lancers me ka ihe lōʻihi, a hahau iho la i ka poʻe hoʻoholo i ka pololei confrontation.

Kaua ma Marson-Moore

Ma ka 5 pm ua hoomaka ka mua bombardment. Ma hope o 2 chasa hoʻokani paipu a me ka poe Cromwell holo kiki i ka hoouka. Ma galloping kaua clashed i loko o ka ikaika kaua. Mai ka minuke mua o na royalists hoomaka ae la e pahu aku ai mau hoa paio. Loli qualitative superiority ikaika. All lio a pau Rupert kamaliʻi hoʻomaʻamaʻa i loko o walaʻauʻana koa oihana. Oliver Cromwell Ua eha loko o ke kaua, a hele i ka lole wili. Ma keia wahi, ua kauoha i ke koena paukū e ku i ka pūhaka o "keonimana." ʻoihana kaʻa hanau hua, i kaʻenemi faltered. A laila au pâʻani Oliver kumu pili i ka hoouka i pilipaa ho okumu. Sputtered ma o ka nui 'āpana lio Rupert hiki ole hoʻohui i ka hoonohonoho ia'ku, oiai parliamentarians koa mua ana aʻei a he hoʻokahiʻahahui a hemo i ka hou hoouka.

Hopena o ke kaua

Ua loa luku Mahalo i ka holomua lio hana o Cromwell, ma ka po royalists. Ma ke kahua kaua koe e moe ana 4,000 koa, oi ma mua o ka tausani i pio. Army Parliamentarians nalowale koa wale 300.

I ka make ana o ke aliʻi poʻe hao wale, mai Marson-Moore i ka mea mua nui lanakila o na kipi. Mastering York ae na parliamentarians e kanaka hoʻoponopono i ka North holoʻokoʻa. Cromwell ka lio ho'āʻo ai i ka hana pono i ka superiority o ka hou kaua nā kaʻa mokulele i loko o nā kaua. Ukiuki, Prince Rupert mai la ia Oliver Cromwell, "paha Ironsides, manawa hiki mākou eo" (ʻaʻohe kūhelu e hooiaio ai o māmala'ōlelo e hōʻike ana).

Oliver Cromwell: Lutanela-Nui o ka hale kanawai koa

Kakaʻikahi Cromwell mau mākau i ia i luna o nā mea a pau oihana poe hale kanawai. He hoʻomaka koke i ka ho okumu ana o ka poe kaua o ka hou kükohu, i ke kumu hoohalike o kona mau "Ironsides" hololio. Ke absolutist Enelani loaa luna kaua kaumaha ma muli o kā lākou mau luna kiʻekiʻe i loko o kaiāulu. Ke hou kaua, keia rula i hoopauia. e paa kula kiʻekiʻe 'ia i nā hana e kanaka, ka poe i hōʻike ai i ko lākou akamai pū nō hoʻi i loko o nä hana kilokilo. Kēia i hoʻokumu i kū pūʻuoʻuo a me ke kuʻikahi, a me ka poe koa. No hoi, ua apono ia e na kanaka i kēia mau loli '. ʻauhau a me nā meaʻuʻuku konohiki kila nuipa a pili i mp.

New kükohu koa

i hana ai me pākahi a me ka pololei subordinate i wale warlords ole kaua Ekolu, ka mea, ua, ua hoohuliia i loko o kekahi, helu 22 tausani kanaka. ikaika lula o ka hahau no ka 'aʻe' ana i i wahi i kekahi hoopai i kau. Ke morale o nā koa i kākoʻo 'ia e ka clergy. he kekahi o ia mau mea i hiki mai ana ma luna o ke kahua kaua, a kau aku ma luna o ka ʻeleʻele kapa. Haipule aʻo ikaika i loko o ka uhane o ka Puritanism, Cromwell pili i na mea nui.

Ma ka Ewa o na elele o na aina hikina, a hoʻomākaukau i ka pono o ka poe koa, i mai la i ka hikiʻole, e hoʻomau e kākoʻo. Army reorganization e emi kālā koina. Kona bapetizo ana o ka hou hale kanawai i ka poe koa i loaa i loko o ke kaua ma Nesbit, lanakila 'o ia i ka hńne e lanakila maluna iho o ka "keonimana."

Cromwell ka noho alii ana

Ma hope o ka lanakila hope ma ka Hekikai no AiON Hekikai, ua hiki ke hookupaa i ko lakou mana parliamentarians. Oliver Cromwell alakaʻi i ka aina. Ka Haku e hoʻomalu (Cromwell inoa) hoʻokumu authoritarian dictatorship a "hao" kauoha. He hilinaʻi ma luna o ke kākoʻo o kona kaua hoa, ka mea ma hope o ka kaua i ku kī managerial kulana. Mau kanaka lakou i onipaa Cromwell, a unconditionally hooko i kona mau kauoha a pau. Hoole, e lawe i ka inoa o ka Moi, Cromwell maoli hookupaa iho la ia i ka republican kūlana oʻEnelani.

auhau nenoaiu i hooponopono hou. A pau i ka papa kuhikuhiE alanui (oi huakūʻai alanui) ua pau e hoʻomalu aku e ka poe koa. I keia manawa i hoomaka ai ka uprising ma Kekokia a meʻIlelani. Cromwell kino alakaʻi i ka poe koa, e uhi ia mau mea. Ma hope o ka hoihoi hou mea,ʻo ia hoihoi i ka mana o ka hale kanawai, a me ka Hale o ka haku. Ua hoʻouluhua 'ana kākoʻo a pau i ke alii, a me ka hoomaau. Ma na haku i kākoʻo i ka Royalists ma ke Kanawai War, hopu waiwai pono no ka mihi. Kēia mau hana i aloha Calvinists a me na makaainana.

Ka make a me ka hoailona ma ka mōʻaukala

Oliver Cromwell make ma September 13, 1658. Ke kumu i supposedly kaʻapu kōheoheo (kekahi poʻe paʻa moʻolelo manaoio i make i ka Haku, e hoʻomalu o ka malaria). Ka hoʻolewa o ka "hao" Oliver ua chic. Akā, ma hope o lākou ma ka'āina hoʻomaka turmoil. A pau ma luna oʻEnelani, o ka nalu ia o kāna hana a me ka chaos. Hale kanawai i puʻe wale akula kēlā, e kono aku ia Charles II, ke keiki a ke i aliʻi ma luna o ka noho aliʻi. Ma hope o ho'āliʻi aku iā haʻi Karl kauoha hooponopono Cromwell kino kau mai, a laila, oki i 4 wahi. Mai laila, i papa mai la i na kauwa, e haʻi aku i ka inoa "Oliver Cromwell". Kawaihae ka Haku i no ka manawa lōʻihi ma lalo o ka censorship.

Cromwell hele aku la ia ma ka moolelo me ke kaulana koa alihi kaua a me ka reformer. Iloko o ka noho aliʻi i ua loa kaulana mawaena o na makaainana kanaka. Kona maalea mea he Kuhina Nui mamuli o Calvinism a me aupuni a ka lehulehu. ʻO nā mea hoʻololi hua mai la i ka Haku, e hoʻomalu mai, nō ka mea muaʻanuʻu i ka hoʻokahuliʻia o ka feudalism. Ma ka 20th kenekulia, loaʻa funerary ea paha, a kanuʻia ihola ia Oliver Cromwell. Photo haʻina ma lalo nei. Eia hoi, ua kanuʻiaʻo ia wale nō i loko o ka makahiki 1960 ma ka Capella o kekahi o ka Kamepelika kulanui.

Inā mākou e hoʻokokoke i ke kahe mai i ka mōʻaukala kuanaʻike, i ka makahiki o ka repubalika, a me ka Protectorate aohe hopena ma luna o ka hopena oʻEnelani, ma naʻe o nā mea a pau na nā mea hoʻololi i i ke hoʻolauna Oliver Cromwell. Pōkole Kawaihae o ka hookiekieia Pelekāne aka hoi hui pū i loko o ka OAXA aʻo ala papahana o nā mea a pau i ka mōʻaukala o Beritania kulanui.