Phenotypic oko a me kona waiwai

Phenotypic oko a - he mea nui kaʻina e leie aku ka kino ka hana e ola. He mahalo ia ia i kona mea hiki ke hakuloli i? Aneie ana.

First hoʻololi 'variability o ka meaola i ua hoʻomaopopo i loko o nā haʻawina o Charles Darwin. ʻepekema,ʻo ia mea, no ka mea, he koho maoli ma ka hihiu.

Phenotypic oko a me kona papa kuhikuhi ano

O i ike ole ia mea i ka evolution o ola meaola i mau hoʻololi, adapting e ola i loko o ka waho kaiapuni. Ka muli o hou? Ueo i hoʻolako 'ia e kekahi mau aʻe - hoʻololi hereditary mea kanu'ōiwi (genotypic variability), e like me ka helehelena o ka hou waiwai, a i viable meaola ka wā hoʻololi? Aneie ana.

Phenotypic oko a loaʻa paha kekahi mau hiʻona:

• Mua, i loko o kēia palapala loli wale phenotype - he lākou o ka helehelena 'ano a me ka waiwai o ka meaola ola. Aaiaoe mea 'aʻole e hoʻololi' ana i. No ka laʻana, elua populations o na holoholona e noho ana ma kekahi hana kūpono, i kekahi oko ao ma ka nānā aku, mamua o ka'ālike genotype.
• Ma ka kekahi lima, i ka phenotypic variability mea he pae külana. Hoʻololi i ka 'ole a me ka waiwai o nā meaola ana i loko o ka haawi mai heluna kanaka. No ka nane hea, ka mea, o ke kumukuai i ka i ana i ka loli o ka genotype o hookahi a me ka noho'na makaainana i ulu.
• Hoʻololi 'variability reversible. Inā e lawe aku oe i ka poe a pau aʻe i hoonaukiuki aku i kekahi naoh ma ka aoao o ke kino, ma manawa hiʻona e nalo.
• Phenotypic loli mea i ili mai iā ia, e like aaiaoe ka hoʻololi 'ana.

Phenotypic variability a me ka uku o ka naoh

E like me ua oleloia, o ka phenotypic loli mea i ka hopena o kekahi aaiaoe nā loli. Ka mua o ka hopena o ka genotype naoh i ? Aneie aʻe. Ma keia hihia,ʻaʻole ia iho i ka lākou o nā'ōewe, akā, no ka nui o ko lākou mau symptoms.

O ka holo ana, ua loli i kā lākou mau palena i ka poe i kaheaia maʻamau naoh. Normal naoh - i ka laulā o ka hiki a pau likeʻole o ka i koho i hōkeo 'wale ka poe koho i e e kūpono no nāʻikepili i loko o kekahi ana. Keia uku hilinaʻi nui wale n? I ka genotype, a i kona mau luna, a malalo mokuna o lākou.

Phenotypic oko a me kona Mea Maluna

O ka holo ana, ke typology o ka variability ka loa hoahanau, no ka mea, no i maopopo hoomaopopo na keʻano o ka hanaʻana a me nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o? Acaeoey o ka meaola. Eia naʻe, ua māheleʻia ka hoʻololi 'ana i loko o nā pūʻulu, ke kaumaha ma muli o kekahi' ano.

Inā mākou e lawe i ka mooolelo o ka wehewehe ana oia i na hoailona o ke kino, ka mea hiki ke maheleia i:

• Morphological (Hoʻololi 'ano o ke kino, e laʻa me, pa apŘ a me ke kala o ka hulu hipa).
• Physiological (loaʻa nā loli i loko o ka pūnao a me physiological ano o ka meaola, e like me ke kanaka, pii i ka mauna, me ka helu o kaʻulaʻula koko keena, piʻi pū dramatically).

By lōʻihi like kaʻawale ka hoʻololi 'ana:

• Noninheritable - nā loli i makana i loko o wale kekahi kanaka a me ka heluna kanaka, ka poe i ua pololei loli ana e ka mea mawaho kaiapuni.
• Lōʻihi-ʻia nā loli - kamailio e pili ana i ia wā i lilo ka hoʻololiʻana hua ho'īli, a waiho ia no ka hou 1-3 hanauna a me kumamaha.

Aia mau no hoi kekahi ano o phenotypic variability, a e ole mau i ka ia cia:

• Hoʻololi '- nā loli i lawe mai i ke kino, e hana, ke hakuloli a hoomakaukau maʻamau functioning i loko o ke kaiapuni.
• Morphosis - mau loli ma phenotype, a ana ma lalo o ka aoao o keʻano pākīkē, loa? Aneie aʻe. Here variability hele loa aku ia i ka kūmau o ka naoh , a hiki i alakai i ka make ana o ka meaola.