Princess Tenisheva Mariya Klavdievna: Kawaihae haipule, kiʻi

Russian noblewoman Tenisheva Mariya Klavdievna, Kawaihae a e e ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o keia' atikala, ke kaikamahine i kapaia ua hoʻokomoʻia Pyatkovskaya. He He He koʻikoʻi lehulehu huahelu, mea aʻo a me ka philanthropist. Ua ua iʻikeʻia me makakū ano, enamel Artists a me oe ÿauhau. Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna hoʻokumu i oe o Nuioka ma o Petersburg, Lūkini antiquities Hale i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Smolensk, na Kula o unuhi aku la ia (i loko o St. Petersburg), Bezhitsk Vocational kula, e like me ke akamai-hanalima nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao ma Talashkino waiwai, i pili ia ia.

Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna: pōkole bilayer graphene

O ka holo ana, i ka moʻolelo e pili ana i ke ola o kekahi kanaka hoʻomaka me ka lā kiko'ī o kona hanau ana. Eia naʻe, mōʻaukala ua mālama 'ike e pili ana i kēia nui i ka makahiki i hanau ai ka wā e hiki mai loea artist, no ka mea, ua illegitimate, eia nae ke poʻo noblewoman. No kekahi i keia la, aole ia i ike i ka inoa o kona makua kāne iho. Ma hope o ka mare, oia i kana kane ka inoa, a lilo iho la ia i kapa me Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna. Ka lā o ka hanau ana o ia - April 20, akā, i ka makahiki ua hōʻike ka hola ma waena o 1865-1867. Ma ke ala, he mea speculation kona makua kāne i hiki ia i ka Emperor Alexander II o Rusia. Loa paha, ia mea no ka mea, o keia no laila, nui lāʻau malumalu ma ka mea ikea ole moʻolelo o kona hanau ana.

pöʻino kamaliʻi

Kona makuahine Maria Alexandrovna mare aku la o Kelaudio, a Stefanovich Pyatkovskogo hanau mai la ia i kona inoa. Apana stepfather iki Masha ua MP Dizen kāʻei kua - he loa nui loa ia ka poe waiwai mau hale ma St. Petersburg a me Moscow. Mother i i pili i kana kaikamahine me ka palupalu a me ka malama, a me ke kaikamahine, ua i mau ia i kiaʻi ai i ole e incur kona mau naluea i, e like me ka hopena o ka mea hiki hahai loa hoopai, a i ko lakou pepehi. Ua ulu lahilahi-ua kēnā, a paa hou mai la, ka mea hiki ke hana ino i ka hookahi kilohi. Eia hou, ua i loihi paa i ka hoomauhala, a hiki i kala mai. Eia naʻe, ua nui loa ikaika-Ke makemake nei anei a me keia ano, kuokoa a me kaʻeleu. Ua moe no ka okoa ke ola, i ke ku pono o ka mea i hānau i loko o ka hale o kona stepfather.

ho okumu

A hiki i 1869 i ka wā e hiki mai Princess Mariya Klavdievna Tenisheva aʻo ma ka hale ma lalo o ka makaʻala maka o ka Palani aʻoʻia. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ke aʻo 'ana e pili ana i ka lānai hou weheia Rusia ka mua kaikamahine' kula, kahi e hana ma luna kaikamahine 'hoʻonaʻauao polokalamu, kane kula, i kona hoʻoholoʻana e lawe i ka me kŰia a lākou i heluʻia. Mea i hoʻokumu i o ka gymnasium ua M. Speshnyov. opiopio Masha palapala he ua oluolu, a me ka ia koke lilo kekahi o na haumana mua o ke kula.

mua ka mare

I ka 1876, Maria mare. I aku ke kane i ka loio R. Nikolaev. A makahiki ma hope ua loaa ka laua kaikamahine, Maria Rafailovna - wā e hiki mai Baroness av der Osten-Sacken. Naʻe, i ka mare ua pōkole-i noho ai, a koke haule iho la ma ke kaʻawale. Once i loko o kona moʻolelo pono'ī nova iho, "Tenisheva Mariya Klavdievna: nā manaʻo o koʻu ola," ua kakau iho la, i ke kumu no ke oki mare i ka incompatibility o ko lākou mau ano a me kana kane.

Paris

I ka ua 4 na makahiki o ke kaikamahine, Maria Klavdievna haʻalele i ka hale, e lawe pū ia i kekahi kaikamahine. Hele pū akulaʻo ia Paris, i kona wahi i lilo ole i kekahi i loko o vocal mele kula M. Marchesi. Ia manawa, Masha nana aku no kupaʻa kauwa Lisa, ka mea e noho me ia i ke ola. Soon Paris no Maria Klavdievny Tenisheva i loa aina, ma kahi a ke Kahalaopuna e like me ka iʻa i loko o ka wai. Eia ka mea a pau e kokoke ana a me ka mōakāka. Ua hiki aku i ka naita ma ke ola, hālāwai me makakū kanaka. At mele kula, ua kō nā Rubinstein, Charles Gounod. Kona hua'ōlelo o ka launa pū ua e ulu ana i kela lā. I waena o kona mau hoa i kekahi Ivan Turgenev. Artist Makovsky i olioli i ka mea, ua lawe ia ma kona kaiapili o ka hoa Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna. A kiʻi o ka ia, i palapala mai ma lalo o ka manaʻo mua a pau ma luna ona.

Ka mea mua e halawai me Talashkino

e noho ana i loko o ka Palani kapikala Two makahiki ma hope, i ka wā e hiki mai Duchess hoi i Rusia, a hoouna aku la i ka waiwai i kona hoa Kitty kamaliʻi. Ma Talashkino ia ia he nui loa, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i loaʻa ka mea kupaianaha. Ua like ke kanaka maoli ke ano maoli, puʻu, ulu lāʻau a me nā mahinaʻai. he pōkole koena ma hope,ʻo ia, a me kona hoa hou hoʻouna iā Paris, no ka mea, o kona pono no ka hoʻopauʻana i kaʻu mau haʻawina i loko o vocal kula. Ma ka Palani kapikala hoʻomaka ka mea, e kū kaʻawale komo i loko o akamai mōʻaukala, e kipa i kekahiʻano o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha, mau papa, a no laila, ma luna o. D. Ma ka Louvre Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna hui me Gilbert a me ka artist hoʻomaka e lawe aku ia ia ka pahi haʻawina. I loko o kēia wā, ua hoʻomaka e e hoʻomau ana ma ka enamels.

Ka hoʻomaka o ka lawelawe hana

I ka 1887, Puhi hiki ma Talashkino, loira wehe i ke kula no ka kua'āina keiki. Lakou hoʻoholo i wale, e ao aku ia lakou i ka heluhelu, a kākau, akā, no hoi, e paʻa ana i na akamai a me ka haawi ia lakou i ka manawa e holomua ma ke ola. Tenisheva ua he patriot oiaio, a ua makemake e somehow haawi i ka pomaikai o ko lakou aina. Paha ia mea i loko o kona koko haʻi akula i kona makua kāne i kau?

Ke huli ia

A makahiki ma hope, Mary Klavdievny Tenisheva nakinaki mau makamaka, me Konstantin Stanislavsky. Ua nō e ho'āʻo i kona lima ma ka hale kiaka a me ka Arena. Ua hāʻawi lokomaikaʻiʻia ma ke ano maoli, e hoʻomaka e e holomua, a he mea kuhikuhi nui e hāʻawi mai iā ia i ka manawa e ho'āʻo iā ia iho e like me ka mea hana keaka i loko o ka moʻolelo keaka wale? Iecaianoaaiiie o "Baloven" ma ke kahua o ka "Paradise". Naʻe, ka mea akamai i ka lima luna, a me ka mea mau i kona mau papa ma ka watercolor N. Golitsin, a laila, komo i ke Kula o barona Stieglitz ma ka unuhi papa. Kaʻapuni i ka noʻeau koʻikoʻi a hanohano,ʻo ia me he keiki pena I. E. Repinym, a ma hope me Aleksandrom Benua, i lawe mai i kona kaikunane Albert artist.

lua o ka mare

I ka 1892 uaʻia mare hou a me ka manawa e hele ai i ke ola kiʻekiʻe me ke Kamāliʻiwahine Mariya Klavdievna Tenisheva. Philanthropist, pāʻoihana, nä känaka 'epekema a me ka pono o ka nui-naʻau akamai, Vyacheslav kākoʻo a pau i hāpai' o kāna wahineʻuʻuku. He koke hoʻokumu i ke kaulana Tenishev Kula ma St. Petersburg. Marriage me kekahi kanaka o ia kiʻekiʻeʻauheʻe i haawi mai i na pono, a ua weheʻia kēia mau pōmaikaʻi, a āna i ole moe. Eia naʻe, iʻole e hana ia no ka pilikino pomaikai a me ka ulu ana no ka pomaikai o na wahi lulu kilokilo. Ua hoi mai nei i ka Mariya Klavdievna Tenisheva - philanthropist i loko o ka truest ano o ka olelo.

Life ma Bezhitsa

I aku ke kane no Bryansk relsoprokatny mea kanu, a ua ke aupuni 'o Bezhitsa. E hele mai iʻaneʻi, i kona waiwai, Maria Klavdievna hoʻomaka e komo i loko o papa hana hoʻonaʻauao. O ka holo ana, ia mea nui loa keia i kōkua mai i kana kane. Me ka kapikalaʻo ia hiki ole i hana okioki hapai. Eia hou, oia ua he loa naʻauao ke kanaka ua mahaloia i loko o nā hana koʻikoʻi a hanohano, a me ka mea, ua nui loa kōkua maikaʻi'ōlelo aʻo. VN Tenishev loaa lahui iaia me he me kēia sociologist a me ka ethnographer, mea kākau o ka iao? Pepa. Akā, i loko o Rusia, oia ua lalo malu hoʻomakākiu ma na Aupuni, i make koke i kona ku okoa ana manao, e like me kū'ē i ke kulekele o ka moku'āina, a me ka mea ana i kēlā wā i kēia wā i kaʻana like i loko o ka puali kaiapili o ka holumua ai. Ia manawa, i kana wahine, i ike i kekahi mea e pili ana i kālai'āina, manao ia ua pono e hoʻomōhala i nā tālena o na kanaka e noho ana ma kela aoao o ko lakou mau mea e mua, a hai mai ia ia iho i ka honua. Kona hale, ua mau ka hele ana i ka poe ilihune Artists, nā mea hana keaka a me ka poʻe mele, ma ka olelo, kanaka a no oe. Naʻe, i kēiaʻano ukiuki o ka luna,ʻo ia hiki ole tolerate hoikeana o "bohemian",ʻaʻoleʻo ia i makemake antiques, aʻaʻoleʻo ia i ike pehea e pana aku au i ke kālā ma luna o ke kuai ana o ke akamai mea no kekahi 'aoʻao pilikino ohi. Naʻe, ua mea i hui pu ai ia mau ia kekahi mau kanaka elua - he aloha o ka mele a me ka mālamalama. Tenishev hemolele au hoʻokani i ka cello, a ua mau hoa me ka nui kaulana mele.

Familiarity me Tchaikovsky

I ka 1892, i ke aloha a hiki i Vyacheslav Konstantinovich, Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna halawai mai me ka nui Tchaikovsky. Once i loko o ko lākou hale ma luna o ka Promenade Des Anglais ma Poho Petersburg aliʻi hui i kuni ihola ia i ka ahiahi i loko o ka nani o ka haku mele, a me ke Alii wahine iho, manao e hana Tchaikovsky ka Romance no ia. Ke mele nui uaʻoliʻoli me kona mele, a lele lokahi mai ia ia e hele pu. Ahiahi pono surprisingly maikai, a me ka haku mele i makemake ole e haʻalele, ka mea, ua hiki ole i ke keaka ma ma ka Opera "Iolanta".

Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna: Talashkino, hou '

Ana czetwertyńskiʻohana i ka mea nana o ka waiwai. Ua ae maoli akuʻae e kuai aku ia i kana kane i kona hoa, Prince Tenishevo, a me ka mea, ma ka huli, i ka wahine o ka makana aliʻi i ka lā hānau aoao. Eia naʻe, Kitty i loaa ae i ka haehae no ke ola a me ka noho ma luna o ka waiwai. Mai ia lā Talashkino hoopahaohao ma'ō aku iaia. Eia na hana o na wahine hoʻokumu i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o kaʻaila ua e, no ka i lawe mai kiʻekiʻe-hopena lako a pan, mai kahi'ē. Kēia manawa, ke Alii wahine hōʻike iā lākou iho, a me ka mea e ae i ole e wale hiki i ka bohemian, makakū a me ka pilialoha, akā, i ka pāʻoihana nui. All huahana i laweia mai, mai nā hale hana i loko o ka Lūkini mau poo, elua - Moscow a me St. Petersburg, e like me ia ma Palika. Puni i ka waiwai Kiure hale huli no. Nui kukulu iho la i ka hoʻomehana honua, he mahu palaoa, holoholona pa, likeʻole nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao, a me ke kapili ana i mahiʻai lako a pan. Hiki i hana Talashkino poe hana hoʻomaka e kūkulu i ko lakou mau wahi i noho ai. A pau i ka manawa Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna hoolilo ia ma luna o ka waiwai, ana i haawi mai ai ia ia iho mai o Paris kaʻa, a kipaku aku la ia e pili ana ia ma luna o kona mau waiwai. A laila, maiʻaneʻi Khotyleva hoohuliiaʻi eii? Oi?, A he 50 mau lio. No ka lio me ka wai, ua lawe mai me ka wela ka wai. A ua kono breeders maiʻEnelani. Hope, ma ka mea i paukūʻia aina kukulu Arena no ka lio eʻohi a me nā keʻena liʻiliʻi.

? anoe? o ona

Tenisheva Mariya Klavdievna, o kona ohana wale kēlā wā i kēia wā e hele e Talashkino, ua loaʻa iā ia iho i ka hou 'oihana. Ua hoomaka ae kūʻai i ke kokoke kauhale a me ka aina. Hookumu kula, kukulu iho la i ka hokele kaʻahele. Soon School ma Flenovo hoomaka e olelo aku i ka Apana holoʻokoʻa. Mai manawa i ka manawa ia mau māhoe i loko o Petersburg. Eia, i loko o ko lākou mau wahi, ua hoʻokumu i ka unuhi kula. E hele mai iʻaneʻi, e aʻo, keiki loea kanaka ka poe i makemake e komo i ka Academy o Nice Arts. Mawaena o na haumana, o M. Dobuzhinsky, I. Ya. Bilibin, Z. Serebryakov S. V. Chehonin keiki Repina Yury, A. Pogossky, M. keena, Bilibin listen AL, Kula ma ke noi ana o ke Alii e holo Ilya Repin.

Dedications

Iskusstovedy hoa, nā mea āna i patronized i kakahiaka nui i loko o kona 'oihana, a me ka mea ana i pepehi aku i ka aloha, hoomaka ae la e ke hoolilo aku ia hana. Ke'ī mai, kakau iho la ka haku mele A. S. Arensky memo no Awaits "Lily o ka Valley", a me ka olelo ia lakou haku P. I. Chaykovsky. Ke artist Aleksandr Benua kaumaha ana i kona lawelawe i ka Alii wahine i loko o ka systematization Tenishev ohi ana o Nails a me watercolors. He pū ua kokoke mai ka hailona no nā kiʻi me ka manao Talashkino waiwai. 1896 ua kūikawā no ka Tenishevs ohana. I ka All-Russian exhibition komo i ka Bryansk hola a me Bezhitskaya Vocational kula nova e ka Haku, a Princess. Ka mea, Ua hookoia ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahalo aliʻi.

Once hou, Paris

No ia mea, pehea Maria Klavdievna i makemake Rusia, nae, Paris i kaʻoi loa i ke kulanakaukale, i kahi ana i manao ai loa hōʻoluʻolu. Ano, ma hope o ka lōʻihi wanaao ae, ia mea hoʻi i loko o kona kūlanakauhale punahele. Eia hou ka mea, pulls ma luna o kona mau haʻawina a me ia iloko o ka Academy Julien. Ma ka papa B. ikaika ka mea mau i kona mau haʻawina ma ka pena a me ka unuhi. Here oia me L. Bakst, ma ka pilikia, a ua kokua aku la ia ia. Eia hou, ua kuai lilo ka hapanui o ka Kimia hana o ka artist. A nae i loko o ka Lūkini ke ano hoʻokahuli aupuni pīhoihoi, a me kona unuhi kula hoʻomaka i hāʻupu aʻe i loko o ka hoʻolālā o nā 'ohi' ia. No ka mea, o keia ma waena ona, a me ka luna hoʻokele o ke kula, Repin, ke kue huli mai, naʻe, Repin,ʻaʻole makemake e lilo i ke kula, helu kuhi henua i kēia pukana me na Aupuni. I ka hookahi makahiki, kekahi hamama unuhi kula ma Smolensk. Pā kula no ka makakū o Nuioka ma ka hale E .K. Czetwertyńskiʻohana, a me ke poʻo ua hoonohoia ma kekahi o na haumana o Repin A. Puhi paka.

Collectables Exhibition

1897 ma St. Petersburg wehe exhibition kahi malihini i ka pā hale hōʻike watercolors, a kauōʻia mai, mai ka ohi ana o Marii Tenishevoy. About ka'ōlelo o ka St. Petersburg waiwai. A ia Hoʻohanohano kona noonoo Tretyakov ia ia iho. Ka mea, e kaumaha ana i ka Alii, e hoolapanai mai i kekahi mau kiʻi, akā, ua ole ai, ae wehewehe i kona hoole ana lakou makemake ole e lilo aku i ka pono o ka mea ohi. Ma ke ala, ma ka hopena, ka mea, e kaumaha ana i ka ohi ana i ka Russian Museum, a i koke mai i ka hoikeia. Akā, i mai la ia i ka mea hiki wale lawe nā kiʻi o Lūkini Artists. I ka Ia manawa, Prince VN Tenishev hookipa mai i ke aupuni hookohu like me ka Komikina-General a me ke poo o ka Lūkini oihana ma ka World Exhibition ma Palika. A me kana wahine, pu me ka haipule, a me ka poo o ka St Petersburg Ballet troupe o Sergeem Dyagilevym - i loko o Finland, no ka hoʻolālā o ke ami oe exhibition.

Ka Magazine "World o Art"

I ka hoʻomaka o ka 20th kenekulia, Maria Tenisheva a me Sergey Mamontov e ho okumu i ka hou moʻomeheu Magazine - "Ka World o Art". Ia mea a hiki i kēia wā o ke kiʻi o ka Princess, i kākauʻia e Serov, a waiho i loko o ka Smolensk Museum. Iloko o ka hana ma ka Magazine kona huiʻana me ka poʻokela mea paʻi o kona manawa I.Borschevskim. A ka mea, hoʻomaka e holo ma luna o ka mea kahiko Lūkini kūlanakauhale a me nā kiʻi o kūloko Hawaii no ka Magazine.

enamel oe

Ma hope o kekahi manawa ma hope o ka hanaia'na o ka Magazine, alaila, hoi mai i kona kahiko kuko - enamelʻoe, a hoʻokau i ka kūikawā nō kula ma Smolensk. Masters e komo ai i loko o ka mea, e hoomaka ana i ka unuhi i ka ekalesia i kukuluia ma ka lilo ana o Tenishevs 'ohana. pōhaku lepo hola Ua kūkuluʻia no ka mea e like me ka pono.

hou hana

Over ka mea e hiki mai ana mau makahiki ma laila i ua i na mea he nui Tenisheva no ka hooulu ana o Lūkini moʻomeheu, a pau i olalo. Wehe nā hōʻike, Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha, 'aha mele i haawi mai ai, a me nā mea' ē aʻe. Moscow kūʻai "Hao" I ka hana, a kuai lilo aku huahana ua hanaʻia i loko o Talashkino nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao. House Tenisheva ma Talashkino manawa piha o kaulana a. Eia maiʻo ia ia iho Sergei Diaghilev. E like me ka no o ka 1905 kipi Talashkino pōʻeleʻele loa i hoopili, ke Alii wahine mea ole hou Waiwai, i ka "World o Art" Magazine, a me ka ia, hoi, ua paa. Maria Klavdievna, lalau iho la i kona mau hulu ohi, hoʻouna akula iā Paris, a hoʻonohonoho i ka exhibition. E noho nei i loko o ka Farani paukü, ka mea mau e komo i loko o enamel nō. I ka 1907, oia hoi i Rusia, ua aʻo iho ia ia i i hookoia ai ka inoa o honorary kupa o Smolensk. I ka makahiki 1912 Tenishev Museum i loaʻa 'ana o ka makaikai ana i ka Emperor o pau Rusia ma Rotehama II.

mua World

I ka 1914, a me ka hoʻomaka o ke kaua, wehe ma Smolensk koa haukapila. Maria Klvdievna hiki ole noho indifferent, a ua hana i loko o ia, a ua like me ka kaa, e lawe aku i kaʻeha mea lawelawe. Ma Rotehama II e hele mai ana i ka haukapila e aloha a me ka uku koa. Emperor hoonani aku Princess patriotism, a hoomaikai aku la ia ia no kona hana ana i ka'āina. I 1915-1916. Tenisheva ka mea, ua hana ma luna o kona mau ia hoʻi, a hoomalu aku ia ia. Ka OctoberʻOiʻenehana hoʻokokoke mai. I ka nohona kuʻuna ma ka aina E pa ahau, a Tenisheva experiencing loa kaumaha. A laila, ua October, a ua hele mai i ka pae ana o kanaka i ka holo i pakele ai a hiki i kaʻaoʻao hema o ka aina, kahi e hele ai i Farani, kahi āna i noho ai a hiki i 1928.

epilogue

I kona hoʻonānea wahi hale hoomaka ae la e ike i na mea he nui o ka mea kaulana Artists. Iloko o keia manawa, ua hoomaka ae la e hana ma luna o kona mau puke, a i oleloia ma ka hoʻomaka o keia Haawina. Princess Tenisheva make i ka 1928 i loko o ke pio, akā, i kona punahele kulanakauhale. Ua loa hou i ike ai i kana mea i aloha ai Mother Rusia. Kona Parisian ka hale i kapaʻia uuku Talashkino.