Russian kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone A. D. Zaharov: Kawaihae a me na hana

Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov, i ka makahiki o kona ola ana a hiki i ke kahua o St. Petersburg kiʻi, uaʻikeʻia a puni ka honua, e like me ka mea kākau o ka Admiralty hale. Kona manaʻo nui no ka Lūkini kuhikuhipuʻuone hiki ole ke overestimated,ʻo ia i ho'ākāka 'ia i ka olelo o? Acaeoey o ke aupuni kuhikuhipuʻuone no ka lōʻihi wā.

kamaliʻi

AD Zakharov, kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone, i hanau Augate 8, 1761 ma St. Petersburg i loko o ka ohana o Admiralty poʻe kauwā, i ka luna makai. Kona makua kāne - Dmitry Ivanovich Zakharov -To loaa i ka loa uku uku, akā,ʻo ia ua hiki ke hoala mau keiki kāne, ka mea i aha i ka haaheo o ka Fatherland. Ke makahiapo-kane, - Yakov Dmitrievich Zaharov - lilo i academician, Kumu o ke kemika a me mechanics. Junior - Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov - lilo i poʻokela kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone. Mai kekahi kakahiaka nui elemakule koʻu makua kāne i lawe mai i loko o nā keiki kāne o ka ikaika a me ka lanakila. He pono mālama i nā keiki a ka hiki, a ua hiki ke ike i ko lakou talena. Andreyan i kakahiaka nui me 6 makahiki makahikiʻo ia i hoʻouna aku ai i ke kula ma ka Halau o Nice Arts. I ka papa, oia koke i kekahi o ka mea maikaʻi loa nā haumāna. Ke keiki i loaʻa i kona mua ia nā kumu kāki no ka kālaiʻike e piʻi like i loko o nā makahiki - o ka puke.

loaa ia oihana

Ma hope o ua noho mai kulanui, A. D. Zaharov komo ka kuhikuhipuʻuone papa o ka Halau o Arts. hiki i ke kanaka opio ka, e kōkua iā ia i koke hiki holomua ma ka aʻoʻia, nā kumu kaulana i kona mau māhele hihio. He aʻo me ka nui haku: AF Kokorinov, YM Felten, IE Starova. Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov loaʻa iā ia nā maikaʻi loa i nā hualoaʻa ma ka kuhikuhipuʻuone maalea, a ma ka 1782 brilliantly puka 'o ia mai ka Academy. Kona hua "14 Artists o ka papa" a i hookoia mau mekala.

A maikaʻi loa haumana

Iloko o na makahiki o ke ao Andreyan Zakharov ohi i ka piha lākou i mau mekala o ka Academy. Kekahi o ka Debut hana o ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone o ka wā e hiki mai - i ka papahana "House" - hookipa mai i ka mea uuku mekala kâlâ keʻokeʻo i ka Academy. 'O kēia ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa ia nā kumu kāki no nā haumāna lae pua. I ka 1780, ka mea i hookoia he nui mekala kâlâ keʻokeʻo mua, a ma ka hopena o ke aʻo - he gula kâlâ keʻokeʻo no "Fokzala" pāhana ( "hale lealea"), a me ka holo ana iā Paris ", no ka āpana o hou pomaikai ma ka kuhikuhipuʻuone" I keia manawa, A. D. Zaharov manawa ma ka manaʻo o ke classicism, imi e kû ana hou ideals i loko o ka mea.

I ka 1782 Andreyan a me ka hoa haumāna ekolu i hele mai ai i Paris. Eia ka mea, hoʻomaka e hele papa piha-unahiʻole, i unuhi. Zakharov aʻo mai alakai Palani kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone JF Chalgrin, a ua hoi 'ole e K. LeDoux loa e holumua ai kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone o Paris, monumental a me ka ikaika maikaʻi no na mea hana i fascinates ka haumāna mai Rusia. Chalgrin, mea kākau o ka mea kaulana piʻo de Ka Triomphe ma Paris, ua ka brightest Luna o Farani classicism, ho'ākamai a me ka maikaʻi kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone, i kona mau manaʻo organically i hanaʻia ma luna o ka hoomakaukau lepo i loko o ka Academy o ka manao A. Zakharov. I keia manawa, e hana i kona aesthetic manaʻo, a oʻoʻana i ka mea kākau o ka hana, a ua loaa no nae i ka unuhi i loko o mea kanu.

Ka mea mua a me ke kapuai ma kaʻoihana kahuna

I ka 1786 A. D. Zaharov hoi i Rusia, piha ka lapuwale kou akamai a me ka manaolana no ka wā e hiki mai. E hōʻike aku i kou akamai pū nō hoʻi i loko o ka papahanaʻo ia i waiho i nā Academy o Arts kukulu hoʻopau nano, ia mea e pono ai kekahi mau makahiki, e kahu ai i ka hoʻoponopono, ke ano e ana a me ka paʻa o ka hale, i kēia uncreative a me ka onerous hana i ko Hawaiʻi kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone. Wale i ka makahiki 1790 ka mea, ua hiki ke hoʻohuli i manawa, e hoʻoikaika i ka Academy o kekahi kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone. Zakharov hanaʻia kauoha liʻiliʻi, e like me ke kula Lyubuchi kauhale papahana. Ka mua kaulana hana o ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone akaka i ka 1791, ua Kiure mea hoʻonani i ka mea o ka hopena o ka maluhia me Tureke. Ma kēia papahana, Zakharov hoao ana ia ia iho,ʻaʻole wale nō me ke kiʻekiʻe-papa hoʻomalu, akā, me he patriot. I kana hana ana i hookomo i ka manaʻo o ko Rusia ka nui, a me ko lakou haaheo i loko o ka mama o Suvorov ma ka hopu ana o Isemaela.

hoʻonaʻauao ha awina

Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov, kona Kawaihae ua pili loa i pili me St. Petersburg, koke i kona hoi ana i kona'āina mai ka hale Halau ma ka huli 'ana o ka hana. I ka 1787, oia hoʻolālā i loko o ka oihana o ka ÷ ino Kumu, i ka 1792 kokua aku la oia i ka papahana, a lilo iho la ke Kumu i ka Academy. Kona ao ana 'oihana Zakharov i ole haʻalele a ka pauʻana o ke ola. He ua he kumu loea, ma luna o nā makahiki,ʻo ia ua hiki ia e ka 'oihana maikai, a hookuu i ka hailona o ka hewa kupono i nā haumāna. I ka pau, ma lalo o kona olelo hana HE Voronikhin, o kana haumana i ka poʻokela Lūkini kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone A. Melnikov.

kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Gatchina

I ka 1799 Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov, hana a me ka papahana a i ike i ka loa kula kiʻekiʻe 'ana o ka aina. Paul au i kauoha mai ai ia ia i alii kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone o Gatchina, hoʻokoe iho i ka lāʻau kū o Kumu i ka Academy. Here oia hana kekahi mau papahana o nā hale a me nā hale. He hoʻomaka 'mua e hana ana i ka papahana o ka hoailona, akā, Paul ka make,' aʻole 'ae' ia i loko o ka papahana. Ua makemake e lawe mai Zakharov Novgorod a me Pskov mooolelo o ka luakini kuhikuhipuʻuone. Ma lalo o kona alakaʻiʻana, kūkulu ma Gatchina Lutheran Church, a hiki i kēia lā i ole, ua malamaia. He i mau manao mau iinoia: Humpback a me Lion, hiki ke hoʻopau mau halelewa: ". Mahiʻai" "Birdman" a me ka Ua kūkuluʻia ka mea mua, a me ka hana ana o ka lua o ka make ana o Paulo i kāpiliʻia.

I ka Ia manawa Zakharov lawe i loko o ka haku o ka 'epekema hana "Ka Lūkini kuhikuhipuʻuone" e haawi ia ia i ka manawa kūpono e noonoo i au mamuli o ka hiʻona o ka mooolelo o ke aupuni, a, e hele a puni ka aina mahele. Iloko o keia manawa ka mea, ua komo nui i loko o nā kumu o Lūkini kuhikuhipuʻuone, ike i ka specificity a me ka ikaika o ka Lūkini panorama, a ua makaukau no ka hanaia'na o ka nui-me ka unahiʻole, i ke kumuhana.

Hana ma luna o ka helehelena o Vasilyevsky Island

A. D. Zaharov hoʻomohala i kona akamai pū nō hoʻi,ʻo ia hiehie i ka loea kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone, a he maikai ka hana pono-hana, ai kukulu. He Ua kono i ka akamai ma nā mea a pau o ka nui papahana lawe mai i loko o St. Petersburg. No laila, ka mea hana i kaʻiʻo na makana no ka hanaia'na o ke kumuhana o ka haawi aku i na. I ka 1804, i ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone hana i ka papahana o ke kūkulu i ka embankment Vasilevsky Island me ka ka kūkuluʻana o ka Halau o Arts. Ua makemake ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone e kû ana i ka mooolelo maikaʻi o Palani kuhikuhipuʻuone me ka hoaka a me nā colonnades. Ka pāhana Ua mahalo mahalo ia e akamai a me nā hoapili, akā, ka mea, ua i hiki ke lawe mai i ka manao, palapala, a me ka wahi i puhi ai i ole, ua malamaia. I ka Ia manawa D. Andreyan hana ana ma luna o ke kumumanao o ka hale o ka Nizhny Novgorod Fair, hana i ka papahana foundry no ka Halau o Arts.

A mea o ke ola - Admiralty

A. D. Zaharov, Lūkini kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone, ka poe i hele ae la ia ma ka moolelo like me ka mea nāna i hana o kekahi o ka loa nui hale o Saint Petersburg - Admiralty. I ka 1805, ua waeiaʻe oia i Lunakanawai kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone o ka Admiralty oihana, a ma ia manawa ua alahula mau, a koi i ka hailona o ka hale. Zakharov Ua hana mai la na mea he nui, i ke kumuhana, i nā mea a pau o ia i ua hoʻokō, kekahi o na hale i i hookoeia mai ai, akā, no ka laulā o ka hana ua kilakila. He papahana na kulanakauhale he nui o Rusia: Kronshtadt, Saint-Petersburg, Kherson, mau maka, Arkhangelsk, e hana he nui loa. Zakharov He loa keia ano i kēlā me kēia papahana, aʻaʻole i waiho ole i kekahi ka hoʻololi 'ana, i kekahi manawa, nui nui loa,ʻaʻole he hookahi hale, mai ka mea uuku oihana na hale a hiki i ka papa kuhikuhiE kukulu o ka Admiralty ma Arkhangelsk a me Astrakhan. Kēia mau papahana na talena o Zakharov-kulanakauhale kuhikuhipuʻuone,ʻo ia i ho'ākāka 'ia i ke kiʻi o nā embankments o na mea he nui Lūkini kulanakauhale. Ka loa nui papahana i ka Black Sea Halemai Moiwahine na hale ma Kherson, Nikolaev Cadet mau pūʻali, ka uwea hola papahana ma Arkhangelsk.

Aka, i ke kumu nui pāʻoihana o ke ola Zakharov i ka papahana o ka papa kuhikuhiE hale o ka St. Petersburg Admiralty. He hana i ka nui, nui-ka unahiʻole, e kukulu, i ka lōʻihi o kona mea helehelena i 400 mau mika. Ke pāpana a me ka symmetry o ka mea helehelena i kahikoia me sculptures, a nānā Kiure parade. A halekiai me ka spire a me ke gula moku nā pūʻulu ka vertical, a ua lilo ia i Hoʻohaku hiʻona o ka hoʻokiwikā panorama. Ka hale i ka oioi o kaʻike hoʻokumu Zakharova, ma ka hana ana i nā mea a pau hemolele: mai ka kilohana manao-mai functionality i ka a me ka harmonious nānā aku.

kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone hana

Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov, kiʻi o ka hale i hoonani a pau puke ma Lūkini kuhikuhipuʻuone, i hana mai i kekahi wahi lihi iki o ka papahana no nā mea a pau nui like 'ole i loko o na kulanakauhale he nui o ka aina. Ka loa pepeiaohao nui hana i:

• Andreya Pervozvannogo ka Hale Pule Nui ma Kronstadt;
• hooulu ana kumumanao "hoʻolako 'ia' ana o ka mokupuni" i loko o ka Admiralty St. Petersburg;
• Hale Pule Nui o St. Ana ma Ekaterinoslav;
• Hawaii Haukapila 'i loko o ka Apana Vyborg o St. Petersburg;
• Aleksandra Nevskogo Hale Pule Nui ma Izhevsk;
• redevelopment o ka papa kuhikuhiE lapa o ke awa o St. Petersburg.

He nui nā hale Zakharova i ola, akā, ua mahalo i kona hoʻoilina ma nā mamo.

pilikino

Kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov hoolaa i kona ola ana i ka hana ana i ke aloha. He Ua ao mai la ia, i hana ia ma ka papahana, a me ka pomaikai i ole he manawa e hooponopono. Haiwan manawa, ua hoolilo i ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i mau puke ma luna o mechanics, oe,' ike loea, hoihoi i loko o carpentry. Zakharov i ae mai naau ho'āhewa wale, akā, i paʻa i kekahi mea nui i keia. I ke kauwela o 1811, ua haule iho seriously maʻi a me ka make ma luna o 8 September. Halau o Arts ua kaheaia walaau ole ke kaumaha ma luna o kona mau untimely hele. Eia naʻe, i ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone nui, a aohe manawa e ike i ka pau 'ana o kekahi o kona nā papahana, he nui loa o kana mau hana mamua o ka manawa, a i ole, ua hoʻokō.