ʻO wai ka mea invented ka telescope mua? I ka manaʻo, a me nāʻano o nā telescopes

Ka mea invented ka telescope, i lana ai, oia hewaʻiʻo ka mahalo, a me ka mahalo ana o nā mea a pau kēia astronomers. 'O kēia kekahi o nā discoveries nui loa ma ka mōʻaukala. Ka telescope Ua 'ae' e noiʻi i ke kokoke makahiki, a aʻo i ka hailonaʻana e pili ana i ka 'ole o ka ke ao holoʻokoʻa.

Pehea mea a pau, hoomaka ae la

Ka mea mua a ho'āʻo paha e hana i kekahi telescope wahi a hiki i ka nui Leonardo ka Vinci. Sila Nui a me nä haumäna i ka hana ÷ ma laila, akā,ʻepekema ua loaʻa i ka i koe iho o nā Nails a me nā wehewehena o nā makaaniani no scrutiny o ka mahina. Paha ia mea i kekahi nā kaʻao e pili ana i kēia hanana ke kanaka.

telescope lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe haliʻa i Thomas Digges, ka mea i ho'āʻo i ka hana ia. He hoʻohana i ka convex aniani, a me ka concave aniani. I iho, ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole ke hana, a me mōʻaukala E hoike mai, e like me ka mea e e hou-hana. Akā, technically, aohe mea no ke kō o kēia manaʻo, e ho okumu i kekahi hana kŘkohu o ia a me ka ole. Aey? Acaeoey noho unclaimed i ka manawa, a me Digges komo aku la i ka mōʻaukala o kilohōkū no ka hōʻike o ka heliocentric nenoaiu.

kukū ala

He aha makahiki invented ka telescope, ke kahe koe controversial. I ka 1609-ka m Hōlani nä känaka 'epekema Hans Lippersgey Sila Nui Office a hooku iho la kona kiʻiona hana mea hou i hana muaʻole. He kapa i kona telescope. Akā, Ua hooleia ma muli o ke excessive naau kupono i ka iaoaioa, eia nae ka telescope mea paa ma ka maʻamau o ke ola. Especial hiʻona ka mea, ua loaa mai holo moku, a me Astronomical pono uaʻano nāwaliwali. A koe aku i mua, ua i.

I ia makahiki, ka telescope iho la i loko o ka lima o Thomas Hariota hana mea hou i hana muaʻole ia i makemake, akā, nele nui ano hoohanohano o ka palapala hāpana. Mahalo i kana hana no ka mea mua manawa astronomers i Ua hiki ke ike i ka mahina i kona mau'āina.

Galileo Galilei

Ma ka ike ana o ka ho'āʻoʻana, e hana i kekahi hana mea kani, e hoomahuahua i ka hoku, Galileo maoli hauʻoli loa e pili ana i ka manaʻo. Ke Italia Ua hoʻoholo i ka hana i ka like 'ole no kā lākou mau haʻawina. Makemakika ike kokua ia ia me ka helu. Ka hoʻomākaukauʻia o lakou o ka Tube, a hookomo i loko o ka mea, nā aniani kaulona i na kanaka me ka ilihune eyesight. I mea, ia ua ka mua telescope.

I kēia manawa, ua kapaʻia ka refractory i kēia 'ano o ka telescope. Mahalo i ka mea hoonui ae i manao o ka Galileo i na mea he nui discoveries. He ua hiki ke hooiaio i ka mahina i ke kinona o ka poepoe, ike aku la kona mau craters a me na mauna. 20-pa mahuahua i ae e noonoo i ka 4 ukali o Dia, o ka alo ana o na apo o Saturn, a mea 'ē aʻe. I ia manawa, ai ka mea hoao ia ia i ka hemolele mea, akā, ka mea i kona drawbacks. Ololi Tube me ka nui loa hoemi ia i ka laulā o ka hōʻike, a me ka ei hua mai ma ka helu nui o nā aniani kaulona, ana i ke kiʻi blurred.

Ke au o ka refracting telescope

Maopopo pane i ka ninau ana o ka poe i invented mua ka telescope, e ole e hana, no ka mea, Galileo hoʻoikaika wale i ka na ohe lani contemplation. Lippersgeya aole lakou i ike ia i hiki ole hele mai i kēia manaʻo. Ma ke kēia mau makahiki ua he gradual hana o ka noonoo o kanaka. Ālai 'inhibited i ke kūpono' ana o ke impossibility o e pili ana i ka nui maka aniani.

Ke impetus no ka hou 'ana i ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole o ka Tripod. Ano,ʻaʻole i ka ohe i i paʻa i loko o kā lākou mau lima i ka lōʻihi manawa. Kēia i mea e hiki elongation o ka Tube. Christiaan Huygens i ka 1656 hoʻolauna i kekahi mea me ka magnification o 100 manawa, ua hiki ke hoʻokō i kēia ma ka hoʻoulu i ka mamao ma waena o nā nā aniani kaulona, e hoonoho iho i loko o ka şarkı lōʻihi o ka 7 mika. 4 makahiki ma hope ka mea i hana i ka telescope 45 mau mika ma ka lōʻihi.

Handicap no ka noiʻi ke lilo oia he uuku makani. Emi kiʻi ei ho'āʻo e loaʻa ai ma ka hou mahuahua i ka mamao ma waena o nā nā aniani kaulona. Ka hooulu ana o telescopes ua hele ma ke ala e hiki aku o elongation. Ka loihi o ka ihoiho 70 mau mika. Oia ke kulana home 'ole me ke kahaha nui huikau o ka hana ana, a me ka loa anaina kanaka o ka noonoo o kanaka.

hou rula

Ka hooulu ana o ka lewa optics i ka impasse, akā, no laila, loa hiki ole e hoʻomau. ʻO wai ka mea invented ka telescope meaʻano nui ka hou kükohu? Ua i kekahi o nā kānakaʻepekema nui loa o nā mea a pau manawa - Isaak Nyuton. Ma kahi o ka maka aniani, e kālele ana, hoomaka ae la ia e hoʻohana i ka concave aniani, a e pakele o chromatic ei. ua hele Refracting telescopes, auou caiaiai ma ka reflex akau.

Ka loaʻa o ka telescope, hana ma luna o ka loina o ka reflector, huli Astronomical 'epekema. Ke aniani hoʻohana ma o ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole, Newton i ka hana ma luna o lākou iho. tina oka a ua ua hoʻohana no kona hana, ke keleawe a me ka arsenic. Ka mea mua e hana ana i kükohu mau e waiho waho, a hiki i kēia lā, ka mea, ua lilo ia i awa o London Museum o Lewanuʻu. Akā, ua he uuku pilikia. Ka poe i invented ka telescope, hiki ole no ka lōʻihi manawa e hana i kekahi aniani o ka maikaʻi palapala.

Ua Hopu

1720 ia he milestone no ka kilohōkū holoʻokoʻa. Ua ua i keia makahiki opticians e hoʻokele i ka hana i kekahi reflex aniani anawaena o 15 knm, Ma ke ala, Newton aniani i ke anawaena o ka 4 knm. It ua he maoli Hopu, e komo i ka mea huna o ka ke ao holoʻokoʻa i lilo nui maʻalahi. 'āhihi telescopes ma luna o ka 40-mika kanaka nunui, he wale 2 mika loa. Ka mālamaʻana i ka makahiki i loaʻa i ka nui kanaka.

Olelo hoopomaikai a me ka hoʻomaha telescopes hiki paʻa lilo kaila, ināʻaʻole kekahi "akā." mea hiki ke hooheheeia oka a ponalonalo koke, a pela i nalowale kona reflective waiwai. Koke i hou aniani kūkuluʻia, a loaa hou hiʻona.

mau aniani keleawe

I kekahi icai? Telescope mea pono Farani Kassegrenu. He invented hoʻohana 2 aniani aniani keleawe kahi o kekahi, i ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia oka a pau. e hana ana i kona Nails i, akā, ua hikiʻole i kaʻike i kēia la oia ia ia iho, i ka oaoieei-lako a ua ole ae e hoʻomaopopo i ka moe.

Telescopes Newtonian a Cassegrain hiki ua e noʻonoʻo i ka mua kēia Ke Ana Hoʻohālike. Ma ke kumu o ko lākou kākoʻo mau '? Acaeoey ka manawa telescope mea i manao ai. E like me ka rula o ka Cassegrain kūkulu i laekahi pokole telescope "Hubble", i i mua hua mai la i ka hailona o ka 'ike i ka manaʻo kanaka.

E hoʻi i nā kumu o ke

Reflectors hiki ole hope lanakila. Refractors triumphantly hoi aku la i ka podium me ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole o elua hou ke ano o na aniani: NOK - maʻalahi a me ka pohaku paea la - paakiki. Keia hui malu pu ana i hele e kōkua i ka mea nana i invented ka telescope achromatic me ka wahaheʻe. Ua huli mai e ia i ka loea nä känaka 'epekema J. Dollond, i loko o kona hanohano, a i ka houʻano o ka maka aniani, o -. Dollondovy.

Ma ka 19th kenekulia, refractory telescope ua hoano e ka pakebona. Me ka hooulu ana o oaoieei-manaʻo ua i hiki ia e ka maka aniani maikaʻi ke kinona a me ka nui e māhuahua. I ka 1824 godu maka aniani anawaena ua 24 knm, i ka 1966, nui ae la ia i loko o nāʻoki, a ma ka 1885 ua he 76 mau kenimika. KŘpa a olelo ana, i ke anawaena o ka maka aniani ulu ma kahi o 1 knm no ka makahiki. About aniani manaʻo kokoke e poina, oiai na maka aniani hoÿi ia manawa i uluʻia i loko o lōʻihi, a ma ke ala e hiki aku o A nui ae ke anawaena. Keia ka mea i hiki i ka hou 'ana i ka, mākaʻi ihola iā huina a ma ka Ia manawa nui kiʻi.

nui enthusiasts

Pohala ka reflex mea hoʻonoho loira astronomers. Kekahi o ia ua Uilyam Gershel, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ka papa kuhikuhi ano o ka ha awina ia - i ka mele,ʻo ia i na mea he nui discoveries. Ka loa mua o kona loaʻa - o ka Honua Uranus. Launaʻole pomaikai, ho'āla aʻela i ka hanaia'na o ka telescope ma luna o kona nui anawaena. Ma ka pili ana i loko o kou hale Keʻena he aniani anawaena o 122 knm, oia ua hiki i ka ike mau o Saturn ka mahina, mua IKE OLE IA.

mau ipo i ka pomaikai, kipaku i hou ho okolohua. I ka papa kuhikuhiE pilikia o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia aniani keleawe - hookeai Ohana - i ole, ua lanakila lāua ma luna. He alakaʻi ka Palani physicist Leona Fuko e manaʻo kāpili i loko o kekahi aniani telescope. I ka 1856, ua hua mai la i ka kiʻiona manaʻo no ka aniani aniani me ke kālā ka penaʻana. Ka hopena loa a pau Time].

Kekahi mea nui hou i Mikhail Lomonosov. He hoʻololi i ka'ōnaehana no laila, i ke aniani i ke ka ao kū kaʻawale o ka maka aniani. Kēia i 'ae' ia kń i ka emi ana o ka malamalama a me ka nalu kiʻi ka hoʻoponopono '. I ka mea ia manawa me ia ma luna o ia i ka puka, a i mai la Herschel.

Ano, i ka hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia nā mau manao, a me ka mau no ka hoʻoikaika' ana optics. Ua hiki mai ma kēia kamepiula 'ē aʻe a me ka' ike loea hou lewa. Ka nui telescope o ka poe i i aia i loko o ke ao nei - o ka Nui Canary Telescope. Akā koke Pu i kona nui, o ia i loko o ka papahana aniani keleawe me ke anawaena o ka 30 m 10,4 ka m e ku e ia ia.

Telescopes pilikua kūkuluʻia ma luna o ka puu, e pale i ke alaula o ke kiʻi o ka honua i ka lewa i mea e like me ka hiki. A i olelo mua iaʻi kuhikuhi ana o ka hana o ka lewa telescopes. Ka mea, e haawi aku i ka loa pololei kiʻi me ka i kā mākou olelo hooholo. I keia makemake e hiki ole, ina, i loko o ka 17th kenekulia telescope ia i hana.