ʻoki kino - He aha ia? Ano a me nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o kaʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau hana

Ka manaʻo o "ʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau hana" - hakuloli i ka Lūkini'ōlelo he Heleneʻa e literally 'o ia hoʻi "e e ka lima." Mai ka lā o ka wa kahiko Greece, ka mea, i na makahiki, a me keia la i kaʻoki kino - heʻano o nā waiwai i ola nā'aʻaʻa, ma a ka papa? Iaea o ka pau meaola. Ma ke kaʻina hana o ka'aʻaʻa ana i disconnected, hu ae a pili hou.

hihia mōʻaukala

Ka mua iki o kaʻoki kino pili i ka VI kenekulia BC. e ka. Mai ka hoʻomaka o ka manawa kanaka oki kahe ana ke koko, mālama no ka eha a me ka hoʻokaumahaʻia aiʻoki aku au i ka loli ana o ka lala gangrene. Kakaolelo o ka lapaau i mea lōʻihi ma mua mākou au o laila healers, ua hiki ke hana i ka craniotomy, immobilize pepe iwi, a hiki ... e wehe i ka gallbladder.

Ma nā puke i kahiko hoike o ka moolelo o ka lapaau ana i ka pahi, a me ka hua'ōlelo mauʻu i loko o ke kauka o ka arsenal. Mai ka wa kahiko a hiki i ka manawa o ka lā, i ka pahi - ka manawa kona analogs, o ka papa - i loko o ka wahi mua. Ana - keia mea i ka loa'ano'ē ano o ka lapaʻau, e leie aku kekahi kanaka i ka pakele ana i ka maʻi a mau loa aku. Ulu hou ma mua o kekahi 'ēʻoki kino, Hippocrates, Galen a me Celsus.

Ka maikai Russian surgeon ua Nikolay Ivanovich Pirogov, nona ka hale kupapaÿu tenderly mālama i loko o ka Winery. No ka mea, o kona mua waiwai nō noa mālama hoahanau o ka poe hoola iho la ia, a ola mai ka make. Once ka surgeon nui kōkua kā lākou mau hoalauna uku ole - a, e hoomanao iho la lakou ia a hiki i kēia manawa. Pie weheʻia ka gallbladder i loko o 40 kekona, i kona lima hiki ke ike i loko o ka lua pao - me ka lōʻihi, lima.

Analgesia ole anesthesia

Kekahi hana - mea kuhikuhi i ka eha. Ma kaʻeha o ke ola'aʻaʻa reacts spasm, a me ka mea hōʻemi o ke koko holo, no laila, lawe aku i ka eha - o ka iniiaiie hana iʻoki kino. I hiki aku ai mai mōʻaukala 'ike i ka mea i hoʻohana' ia e ko kākou mau kūpuna no analgesia: decoctions o nā mea kanu i loaʻa ka narcotic waiwai, ka waiʻona, ka pakalōlō, a me ke anu a me ka mīkini'opihia o na moku koko.

Ua Hopu iloko iʻoki kino i loko o ka waena o ka XIX kenekulia, i wehe ka wā nitrous'okesaside, diethyl me Etera, a laila chloroform. Ua Ua ua hoʻohana hope o ia manawa, mau anesthesia. A iki ma hope, i ka surgeons ka pala o ka cocaine ma ka hoohalike ana i ka waiwai anaesthetises'aʻaʻa Tuamotu. Cocaine hoʻohana hiki ke noʻonoʻo i ka hoʻomaka o ka kūloko - conductors a me infiltration - anesthesia.

Ma ka waena o ka hope kenekulia loaʻa i ka loaʻa o ke Muscle relaxants a waiwai i hiki immobilize nāʻiʻo. Hope e kū ana ia manawa, anesthesiology mai i loko o ke kaʻawale 'inikua' epekema a me kaʻoihana, ua inextricably ua hoʻopili i kaʻoki kino.

Hoikehonua,ʻoki kino - he lākou o nā 'ana i kūpono, mai kekahi mau lala o ka laau lapaau. Mākou ke i aku nei au ia mea he hoʻololi kemikala o ka hoʻonui 'ike o ka lapaau.

ʻoki kino: Kind o ana

Līkaia Mea Maluna ma ke 'ano o ka' uao hana a me nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o ka waiwai nui.

Ma ke ano o ka hana hiki e'ano'ē, symptomatic paha palliative.

'ano'ēʻoki kino - o ka piha hoʻopau o ka pathological kaʻina. A Classic hoʻohālike - wehe i wela i paiiaʻi ma ka huʻi appendicitis.

Symptomatic - o ka hoʻopau o ka loa hoopopilikia symptoms o ka maʻi. No ka laʻana, ma rectal Ka maʻi 'aʻai kuokoa defecation mea,ʻaʻole e hiki, a me ka surgeon i ke ola i ke hapa o ka AeXIeAaOIePEAaI a hiki i ka anterior abdominal pa. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka nui ana o ka hoʻomanawanui kaʻeho e wehe 'ia i ka mea ia manawa' ole ma hope. No kēiaʻano o ka palliative abut i hoʻopau i keʻano o nā complications.

ʻO ka manaʻo a me ka kohoʻoki kino

I kekahi manawa, i ka hoʻomanawanui koi ka manaʻoʻoki kino. Ano o ka pilikia ana lawe mai i 'āwīwī i hiki, ka mea, e ho'ōla i nā kānaka he pono. Keia konikotomiya a tracheostomy, e hoihoi hou airway puncture o ka pleural lua i ke ola-hooweliweli hemothorax a me na mea e ae.

Pilikiaʻoki kino hiki e hoʻokaʻulua i ka 48 hola. Laʻana -ʻaʻa puʻuwai colic, ureteral pohaku. Inā ma ka kāʻei kua o ka makeʻe kulana lapaau i ka hoʻomanawanui 'aʻole e "hanau" i ka pōhaku, e mea pono ke wehe ia surgically.

Kohoʻoki kino ua hana ka wā 'ē aʻe aoao, e hoʻoikaika i ka moku'āina o ke ola kino ma laila, a me ka pololei hoʻoweliweli' ana i ke ola, hoi, aole i nei. No ka laʻana, ua heʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau ana - i ka wehe 'ana o ka mea, ua kīkoʻo akula aa koko me ka maʻi venous insufficiency. No hoi,? Oaony mea e wehe cysts a me benign hikoko.

ʻoki kino: hanaʻAno, kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o kaʻoki kino

Ma waho o ka lunaʻano o ka hana hiki e single- paha nunui-ke kahua. I kekahi kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao hiki kekahi,? Aeiino? O nā loko ma hope o'ā a me trauma, transplantʻili pakuiia auanei lakou no ka hoʻomaikaʻi hou i ka kina'aʻaʻa.

Kekahi hana lawe mai i loko o 3 kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao: hoʻokō iʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻokokoke mai, operative 'ana i kūpono a me ka auaiaea. Ke kōkua o - keia Kaka maʻi outbreak, ka dissection o nā'aʻaʻa e hoʻokokoke. Komo - o ka maoli ana paha pohupani hale o'aʻaʻa, a me ka ia auoiaea - he stapling a pau papa o ka'aʻaʻa.

Hana ma kēlā me kēia hui, i kona mau ano. No ka laʻana,ʻoki kino ma ka lolo pinepine koi he craniotomy, no ka mea, e makemake, e wehe i ka iwi papa initially no ka nānā 'ana i ka lolo waiwai.

Ma ke kahua o ka hana ana nā mea hōʻike aku i pili i ka moku i ke koko, nä olonä, māhele o ka puha nā loko, nāʻiʻo, fascia a me ka ili. Pau i kahi hookahi mea he postoperative eha, pono akahele hoomau i ka ho'ōla.

Pehea e emi i ke kino o ka eha?

Kēia ninau bothers surgeons o nā mea a pau manawa. Aia mau hana i mea like i loko o kā lākou trauma me ka maʻi. Ka mea i ole na kino, ua hiki ke koke, a pono e Makuakane me nā palapū loaa iʻoki kino. Ma nā wahi ma kahi o nāʻoki i hanaia hernia, suppuration, anuanu nonabsorbable scars i 'aʻe ka hui, kēia kuleana pili i. Eia hou kekahi, sutures i oko ole paha e weheia kahe ana ke koko mai ka poino na moku koko.

A pau kēia mau complications i surgeons e emi i ka nui o ka incision a hiki i ka hiki palena iki.

No laila, ua he kūikawā paukuʻoki kino - mikroinvazivny, ka wā iʻuʻuku incision i loko o kaʻili a me nāʻiʻo i loko o ka a endoscopic lako a pan.

endoscopicʻoki kino

He He kūikawāʻoki kino. Ano a me nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao i loko o kona 'ē aʻe. Ma ka Ia 'uao mea loa nui pololeiʻike, o ka mea maʻi.

Ke surgeon komo ma ka liʻiliʻi incision a puncture, aia ma lalo o nā nā loko a me nā'aʻaʻa o kaʻili, kana i ike ma ka pahupaʻiwikiō kau ma luna o ka endoscope. Ibid hoonoho hoe a liʻiliʻi hana:'ūpā, ami a me clamps, me ka i lawe aku oe i maÿi'aʻaʻa pauku a pau nā loko.

Endoscopicʻoki kino lilo massively hoʻohana hope o ka lua o ka hapalua o ka hope kenekulia.

koko oleʻoki kino

He He ala, e hoola i ka hoʻomanawanui i ka iho koko iʻoki kino. Kēia papa hana ua loa pinepine hoʻohana 'ia i loko o cardiacʻoki kino. I ka ua ohi naauʻoki kino hoomanawanui ka iho koko i loko o ka extracorporeal kaapuni, me ka i malamaia no koko ma ke kino. Ma hope o ka hana, i ke koko hoi i kona kūlohelohe papa.

A loa huikau kaʻina uaʻoki kino. Ano o nā ana, e hooponoponoia ia mea, ma ka like ana o ka meaola kona kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao. Kēia hoʻokokoke hookaaokoa ae mai o ka pono e hoʻohana 'ana i ke koko poho a me ke koko transfusions. Oia ka 'uao ua i hiki i ka hookui ana meʻoki kino TRANSFUSIOLOGY - ka' epekema o transfusion o kona mau pou koko.

Kekahi o ke koko - mea ole wale nō ke ola, akā, i nā kanaka o nā mea'aʻaʻa, nā mea hoʻomaʻi a me nā'āina'ē'ē aʻe eiiiiiaiou. O ka loa akahele makaukau o kona mau pou koko mea i manawa e hiki ke pale aku io hopena.

vascularʻoki kino

Kēia māhele o kēiaʻoki kino i kōkua, ke ole he nui ola. I ka rula o ia mea puni hoʻi - ka hoihoi hou ia ana o ke koko i loko o nā ipu o ka pilikia. Ma atherosclerosis, naau ino a me nā palapū ma ke ala o ke koko pele nā pilikia e ala mai oe. He fraught me ka o oxygen pololi a me ka ho'ōla aeea ka make a me ka'aʻaʻa haku o ia.

Hoʻihoʻi koko i loko o nā aoao: o ka paa ana o ka stent a pakuiia auanei lakou.

Stent - he mea hiki ke hooheheeia kapiliia i pushes na paia o ka ipu, a ua ālai 'kona spasm. Ke stent Ua hoʻonohoʻia ka wā i nā pā pōhaku o nā moku koko e pono i ka malamaia. Ke stent Ua ana i kŘpa opiopio nā mea maʻi.

Inā ka moku paia he nui atherosclerotic kaʻina a maʻi li nui, a laila,'ō ia ole i ke Akua. Ma keia hihia, e ho okumu i kekahi workaround no ke koko a me ka shunt. E hana i kēia, lawe i kekahi hapa o ka femoral aa koko, a kahe ma luna o laila, ae ho'āʻo ana uala pono paena.

Shunting Beauty

'O kēia ka loa pono-ikeʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau kaʻina hana, Hawaii photo kanaka, ka mea, ua undergone, ka uwila ma ka' aoʻao o nā nūpepa a me nā Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke. Ua ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka lapaau ana o obesity a kikokiko i 2 mimikō. Ua o kēia mau hana hea pili me ka maʻi overeating. Iloko o ka hana o ka'ōpū hapa e moe i ka esophagus, ke ventricle ua hana uuku, he nona iho no, aole oi aku mamua o 50 ml o ka ai. He ua hui ma ka uuku liʻiliʻi. Duodenum a kēia kona naʻau liʻiliʻi e hoʻomau e komo i loko o ka digestion o ka ai, e like me keia wahi ua pili ma lalo nei.

Hoomanawanui ma hope o ka hana keʻai iki, a haalele mai i ka 80% paona o ka mea kahiko. Ua pono ka kūikawāʻai, lako oukou me ka kumuʻiʻo a me nā wikamina. Kekahi mau mea i hana io ke ola-hoʻololi, akā, ma laila nō nā mea maʻi e kahu ai i ka'ō aku i ka ventricle ua hana artificially aneane i kona Ana kahiko.

ʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau mana

Hoikehonua, loea ae, e hana i na hana mana. Ma ke kūkala nūhou kēia manawa, a laila, ka uwila papa hoike o ka hana 'uao i pau ai ana. No ka laʻana, nei ka Sepania surgeons mai Malaga i ke ahonui loloʻoki kino, oiai i ka operable hoʻokani i ka saxophone.

Palani poe akamai i lawe mai i ka transplant nā'aʻaʻa o ka maka mai 2005. Ma hope o ia maxillofacial surgeons a pau ma luna o ka repot kilaʻili, a me nā nāʻiʻo ma luna o ka maka, a me ka mea'ē aʻe māhele o ke kino, hoihoi nalowale ma hope o nā palapū a me nā ulia helehelena.

Hanaʻoki kino ... a hiki i loko o ka opu. Aia mau hihia, i ka wa o ka hua ua wehe 'ia mai ke uterus, i ka hanaia ana o kaʻeho, a me ka fetus hoi mai. Hânau 'ia i loko o ke ola piha-manawa olakino kamaiki - ka maikaʻi loa surgeon uku.

'Epekema a me oe?

He paʻakikī e pane i kēia nīnau unambiguously. ʻoki kino - he kuʻi nukeliu o ka ike, ka hoao ana a me ka ano o ka surgeon. Kekahi mea makau e lawe ka pilikia, a me ka mea 'ē aʻe e hana nā mea a pau e hiki a me ka hiki ole mai o ka ukana i ka i ana o ka manawa.

Hope manawa ka Nobel lua iʻoki kino i hookoia ma ka makahiki 1912 o ka Farani Alexis Carrel no kana hana ma vascular suture a me ka transplantation o nā loko. Mai laila, oi ma mua o 100 makahiki oʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau e piʻi like ka mea,ʻaʻole i hookoia hoihoi i loko o ka Nobel Komite. Eia naʻe,ʻo kēlā kanaka 5 makahiki no kaʻoki kino ikea enehana, dramatically ka hoʻomaikaʻi kona hopena. No laila, ulu koke kukunaʻoki kino e leie aku ma moku incisions, e wehe i ka intervertebral hernia, "evaporate" BPH "solder" thyroid cysts. Ke loa sterility o nā kukuna a me kā lākou hiki i ka weld moku ae ka surgeon e hana i kekahiʻano o ka maʻi.

A surgeon Ua kapaia keia mea i ka helu o ka hoʻolilo 'ia' a me ka waiwai pio:, a me ka helu o ka hoʻopakele ola, a ola o nā mea maʻi.