aeea organelles i paʻa nā hale i hoomakaukau i ho'ākāka 'oihana, e hana i ke kaʻina hana o kona aayoaeuiinoe - ka ulu a me ka ulu, a me ka mahele multiplication, etc. Eukariticheskie (nukelea) keena o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona i ka like 'ole, a ua kokoke'ālike kau o organelles a me prokaryotic (' ole-nukelea) aeee i ka primitive 'ole, a nele na mea he nui o na organelles.
Cell organelles, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka alo o kaʻili lahilahi eiiiiiaiou, a ua māheleʻia i loko o ka politika-ʻili lahilahi mebrannye. No ka 'ole-ʻili lahilahi organelles nā ribosomes a me centrioles a me organelle ka hele (microtubules a me microfilaments). Ribosomes i ua hoʻokōʻia ai elongated kino, iloko olaila o elua iniha, kapuaʻi, - nui a me ka meaʻuʻuku. Ka hui pu ana, hana i ka ribosome polysomes. Kēia organelle mea i loaʻa i loko o nā prokaryotic keena a me eukaryotic. hula Ribosomes kūlana mea nui i kekahi, no ka mea, e ohi mai i ka'aminoʻakika nā polokina. Centrioles - puha nā paukūʻolokaʻa, a iloko o ka triplets a me microtubules. Centrioles nāna i hana i ka halepaahao oaio, i komo i loko o aeea mahele. Organelles ka noi e puha paipu a me filaments i hiki'ākoʻakoʻa i noa palapala i loko o ka cytoplasm paha e kekahi hapa o ka flagella, cilia kālī.
Membranous organelles aeee e māheleʻia i loko o hookahi a me ka dvumembrannye. By odnomembrannym nā: EPS (endoplasmicʻili lahilahi), Golgi i hoʻomākaukauʻia, lysosomes, vacuoles (loaʻa i loko o nā mea kanu a me ka hookahi-aa? holoholona).
Endoplasmic reticulum - he nui pukapuka o Canal a me cavities i permeate ka halepaahao holoʻokoʻa. Maheleia i loko o malimali a me ka ino. Ala apuupuu EPS kekahi mau nā'ūhū e komo ai i loko o carbohydrate a me ka momona pūnao. Kuʻu Home I EPS ua limahana ma ka kumuʻiʻo hoʻololi kemikala, a ia lŘlŘ ma ka pili ia mea ribosomes.
I hoʻomākaukauʻia (eiiieaena) Golgi ua noae cavities a e pili ana i na EPS. He ua 'Imi limahana ma ka pūnao , a ma ke kahua o ka lysosomes.
Lysosomes - uuku ua hoʻokōʻia bipi piha'ūhū i mea hiki ke hoopili i ka "pepe" organelles a pau keena, ina he pono. Ua loaʻa he aiiay kuleana pili i.
Dvumembrannye aeea organelles - mitochondria a me plastids puni i ka mea kanu. Lākou hiʻona - i ke alo o nā membranes, ka mea ma waho a ma loko. Ka mawaho (mawaho) hanaʻia mailʻili lahilahi hana a me ka pilina o kēia mau organelles keena me nā eiiiiiaiou, a me ka lokoʻili lahilahi pepa me na pa, ua piha i ka makahiki ma waena o ia me ka'ōpū mai - ke kinowai waiwai. Kūloko pā i kapa cristae o mitochondria a me plastids -hloroplastov - grana. Mau keena organelles iloko RNA a me ka DNA. Mitochondria synthesize ATP, i a laila lawelawe 'ana i kumu energii.Funktsiya plastids e hilinaʻi ma luna o lākou ke kala - colorless (a leucoplasts) stockpile carbohydrates, i loko o ua pia; yellow, alani, ulaula (a chromoplasts) - e haawi aku i keʻano o nā pua a me ka hua; uliuli chloroplasts - i ka hoʻololi kemikala o ATP, a me carbohydrates.
XIX. Aeea organelle, he hapa 'ia ai ma waena o ka cytoplasm a me kaʻili lahilahi hana i ka hookahi integral kahua.