Asterʻohana (Asteraceae):ʻano, kiʻi, a me ka poeikohoia

Ka ninau e e kekahi o nāʻohana nui i waena o dicotyledons - Asteraceae (Asteraceae). Me ke komoʻana, i ke ehuehu o mākou a me kona 'elele kokoke i kela lā - ma ka hale, i loko o ka lumi kuke, a ma luna o nā alanui. Flowers asterʻohana nō paha ka loa, he pono ole i loko o kā mākou pua na moe a me nā mahinaʻai, a me ia mea he hapa lumi kuke me ka pua nānālā aila.

Aster ohana: mau ano

Ka 'ohana nā He nui loa ka helu o ka hanau, paʻakikī, e haawi aku i ka hua'ōlelo huahelu, ia mea ma ka laulā, mai 1100 a hiki i 1300, a me ka oi ma mua o 20,000 laha' ka hapa nui o na mea kanu pollinated ma nā mea kolo. Ka wahi o ka haawi aku ka mea, he akea lawa, ua loaʻa nā 'elele o keia ohana i loko o nā mea a pau climatic cii: mai ka wela a me ka humid koaʻe ke i ke anu tundra, kiʻekiʻe ma nā mauna, a ma luna o ka mokuna o na kai. Ko lakou ulu ana ma luna o ka momonaʻeleʻele i ka lepo i loko o ka wao nahele one. A nui helu o? Ueo hoʻolako Astrov ka laulā aneiai palapala noi i loko o kekahi kanaka o ka ola.

A kiʻiona hiʻona o nā mea kanu a pau, i ka loaʻa o ka ohana Asteraceae - he luna 'inflorescence - ka hīnaʻi e ninoieo a he nui ka poe liilii, a me ka inconspicuous pua, akā, pu ka mea, e i ka loa kilakila kiʻi.

Ka 'ole o ka pua

Ka inoa o ka inflorescence me ka mea e olelo mai no wale: o ka hīnaʻi, a laila, he mea i kekahi nona iho, i ua paha pelupelu ia. Nona iho - ma ÿö a hiki i ka pau ana o ka peduncle, ka mea i e palahalaha, convex paha concave. Just ma luna o ia, a ma laila nō lehulehu uuku pua. A puni a pau puni ma kekahi a oi lalani o bracts. A pau i ka pua o ka ohana ua maheleia i elima hoailona ia mea:

• Omo, pinepine androgynous a me ka emi Māhū. Ka mea, i ke kinona o ka Tube i kŰlń ao a hiki i ka hopena paha i ka lala.
• Lozhnoyazychkovye pua - ka mea, e hana ma ka kila na petals ekolu, a i ka hookahi helu o nā niho manaʻo ma luna o ka luna kaʻe.
• Reed - corolla ÿano o ka mea i pōkole Tube i deviate mai ke kēpau, fused pu. E like me ka rula, ka mea, i elima stamens a me kekahi pistil.
• Funnelform - pua asymmetrical kinona, genderless, i lōʻihi corolla şarkı ua ikaika hoʻokāʻoi i ka hopena (funnel).
• Two-lipped pua - corolla şarkı lōʻihi lawa, a me ka mea, ua lena ma ka mau nā māhele (lehelehe). Paha e like-ole bisexual.

Inā mākou e lawe no ka mea hoike, ka mea ia pua nānālā, a pau no mākou i maʻa i ka ike ia e like me ke kaawale lush a me ka pua nani aʻo. Akā, i kēia mea e pāpā ikaika hewa, mai o ka wahi o ka Hawaii o ka botany. No ka mea, ma ka ike maopopo ia mea he inflorescence, a he oi aku mamua o 1,000 kanaka uuku pua (omo), a me ka laula petals a me ka huali alani a yellow - he ohe pua. Surprisingly eiiieaena, a maikaʻi ke kino hui, i ke ano o ka manao i ka huna uuku au mamuli.

Me ka Poeikohoia o ko ka 'ohana i ke kēia haʻilula pua:

* Ca _{(0, fused)} Li ₍₅₎ A ₍₅₎ G _(2).

He typical no ka mea a pau ohana Asteraceae. Haʻilula pua deciphered like penei: bisexual pua i kekahi mau Kekoa o symmetry, calyx, corolla o elima petals, stamens 5, elua pistil, ovary maluna o lakou.

Ka 'ole o ka lau a me ka aa

Ka 'ole o ka lau hiki ke olelo mai wale i mau hua'ōlelo, like ka mea i hala loa he nui pūʻulu o nā mea kanu i hoʻolako' ia e likeʻole ola 'ano apau loa. Pua nānālā na anoano, burdock, puakala, asters a me zinnias, Ierusalema artichokes, laau kinona, yarrow, gerberas a me na mea he nui 'ē aʻe - a pau ka aster ohana. A mau ano o ia ka hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha o ka lau, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO regular, akā, i ka poʻe e, mai ke alo oʻaoʻao. Na Ana a me ke kinona lauwili ma luna o ka loa laula huahelu, mai kekahi mau millimeters mai i 2-3 mau mika. Venation elele o ka 'ohana ka hapanui pinnate. Nā lau hiki e pubescent, ke degere o ka oolea loli aʻe, he nui na mea kanu i na kakalaioa.

Ka mole ua pono ulu a me ka hapanui o na mea kanu i ka paʻa 'ole (pono-ulu taproot a me ka nui paranasal). No ka laʻana, ka mea, ua lawa ke hoole i ka typical Luna o ka 'ohana - dandelion, me ia, a me kona kumu'ōnaehana kama'āina i ka nui loa. A me ka hoʻololi 'ana ke eʻia naʻe me ka reminiscent tuber, no ka laʻana i burdock.

He aha hua i kanu aster ohana?

Asteraceae (Asteraceae) nō i ka hua achenes. He maloo, i ka hua he hoʻokahi. Pericarp a me ka leathery ka wā i oʻo ua ole lakou lehulehu ana. He ākea ka hoʻonaʻauao ma achene okoa no hoi na lauoho, nā wānana waiwai o ka palapala lou, i ka hoi he hoʻonui ai i ka laha ana o na anoano i loko o ka makani (dandelion, awaawa), a me na holoholona a kanaka i ka lole (puke, burdock).

Asteraceae Life palapala

Life 'ano apau loa i poeʻaneʻane nō i ka piha, a me keia mea kuhikuhi ma muli o ia i ka nunui o ka makana wahi, akā, nae bitmap (Asteraceae) - ka mea,' o ka hapanui herbaceous mea kanu (makahiki a perennial). Ana lauwili loko o ke akea huahelu - mai loa wahi a hiki i ke kanaka nunui 'elele o kekahi mau mika kiʻekiʻe.

Ua nui? Ueo, he laau uuku a me ka nalu o kona kulana kilakila nui (i ia 5-8 mika i loko o kona kiekie). No ka laʻana, melampodium Marsh, kanaka maoli e hoopuluia no, kahi weuweu ululaau o Louisiana ma ka United States.

Ke bitmap ohana i lunamakaainana, a i waena o ka lāʻau, no ka mea, i ka poʻe e noho ana a pau o ka hema lihi. No ka laʻana, skaleziya i loko o ka Galapagos Pae Aina, a hiki a hiki i 20 mau mika i loko o kona kiʻekiʻe, akā, e mea endemic, a me ka mea nui ka mea, ua i loaʻa i loko o kekahi kihi o ka Honua. A i 'ole mea kanu o ka genus brachylaena mai South Africa. Kanaka nunui laau, a i ka ikaika lawa lāʻau hoʻopale i ka popoʻole, no ka mea, ua mahalo kuaiia.

Ma ka Alpine kula mai o New Zealand haatsiya pushkovidnaya 'ano apau loa i ka pau o nā lāʻau kukū. Keia laau 'ole i mānoanoa moena uhi hapalua o ka mika ma ka kiekie a me ka pono nui wahi (kekahi mea kanu ke ulu mai ia mau mika i loko o ke anawaena).

Loaʻa i waena o nā kumu waina, Asteraceae (Mika, Mutisya), succulents a hiki i ke nānā ano o ke ola me ka tumbleweed (Centaurea diffusa, asteriscus dwarf).

Mea maʻa mau, ua māheleʻia i loko o nā subfamilies a pau 'ohana ka Asteraceae: trubkotsvetnye a me kaʻohe.

Subfamily bitmap (trubkotsvetnye)

Ke uie kekahi hapanui hewahewa o nā waihoʻoluʻu - omo. Kēia pūʻulu o nā mea kanu ka loaʻa o luna o na hanauna he tausani a me nāʻohana a oi aku mamua o iwakalua (taxonomic kūlana kiʻekiʻe i loko o botany, i mea haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka waiwai o ka 'ohana, akā, kiekie mea). No ka laʻana, ka mea kaulana loa - he bitmap, kalendulovye, sunflowers, anthemideae, tageteae a me na mea e ae.

Subfamily chicory (ole latukovye)

Ko lakou mau lua o ka inoa o ke alelo, ma ka Akä naÿe i ka ohana mua he ehiku wale ohana, a me ka helu o ka hanau ana o ma kahi o elua haneri - he hapa uuku wale no o ka huina helu o nā mea kanu no a hiki i kaʻohana Asteraceae. Me ka Poeikohoia o chicory ulu maʻaneʻane kela'āinapuniʻole, ko kakou aupuni ka nānaina kaulana loa - Ua chicory, kamahaʻo olinolino uliuli pua, a ia hohola e like me ka ka nāhelehele i. Aka hoi, o ka mea kanu mea he maikai ka meli laau, a ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o sayings kumu kope.

Aster ohana:'aiaola cia

Hihia haʻawina o nā mea kanu o keia ohana i lōʻihi i mea mahaloia imua o imu, o ka loa kaulana kumu hoʻohālike - he pua nānālā oilseed. Kona'āina - North America. He ana acclimatized i loko o ko mākou wahi, a me ka manawa e ulu sunflowers ma ke kālepa pālākiō. I ka papa kuhikuhiE huahana o ka mea - mea, o ka papa, pua nānālā aila. Akā, ma kela aoao o ua hua mai la i na anoano, hydrogenated momona (tallow, hoʻohana 'ia no ka makaukau o ka margarine a me ke kopa),? Iecaianoaaiiie neoneo, ua hoʻohana' ia e like me ka holoholona hānai.

Kekahi wahi lilelile paha, a edible, akā, Eia naʻe, ua e i ulu 'elele o ka' ohana - artichoke (Picture). Mea maʻa mau, ka mea, ua manaoia he nō, akā, maoli ia mea unopened mohala. E like me ka hookaawale nani aʻaoʻao pā, ka mea, ua hoʻomano māhele aku i loko o ke Kaiwaenahonua'āina, a ma Amerika.

Famous no kona ho'āʻo ano Ierusalema artichoke, mahi ole wale i ka ai, akā, i like me ka oaoieei-a me ka ai na mea kanu.

Nani Loa a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau waiwai

Kona Nani Loa a me ka flowering? Ueony o ka asterʻohana (Hawaii photo) ua ike no ka lōʻihi manawa.

Breeders loko mai olalo iʻano likeʻole o ka mala pua. All kama'āina a me ke kaulana Florist chrysanthemum a me ka gerbera. Ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, hoʻokahi nō kēlā mea kēia mea pua moe, mahi asters a daisies, zinnias a me marigolds, dahlias a me ageratum.

Lāʻau lapaʻau kanu i ka loa a me ka hanohano pono keia mau mea: chamomile, yarrow, arnica, puke, pua kala, awaawa, tansy, marigold, a he nui na mea e ae. Lākou hoola ia ma luna o ke kino ua ho'āʻo a me ka ai, a me decoctions infusions o lau nahele i ka loa waiwai homeopathic laau.

Asterʻohana, kona mau lala ka i ike, paha, i kela mea, i ke ao nei he mea hiki ole ka nui o ka hana, a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau ornamental mea kanu.