Ehia na huapalapala i loko o ka Pākē 'ōlelo? Ka helu loli aʻe ke kaumaha ma muli o ka pilikia

Pākē o kekahi o nā 'ōlelo kahiko i kākau i loko o ke ao nei. Kona mōʻaukala hele hoʻi ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 3 tausani. Nam. Nā palapalaia maluna penei ma ka mea i loaʻa ma luna o ka honu iwi manawa ka Shang aliʻi (1766-1123 BC. E.).

I ka moolelo o Chinese kakau

Chinese grammar Ua kaikaina ma mua o ka Sumerian a me Aigupita, akā,ʻaʻohe mea hōʻike i ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole o ke kākau 'ana i loko o Kina i loko o kekahi alanui hauma¯na kōmi'ōkuhi i loko o ka Middle Hikina. Ka mua examples o Chinese huapalapala e fortunetelling hāʻina o nā haʻawina ma luna o nā iwi a me nā pūpū. Ka mea, komo no ka ninau Makaula, a me ka pane mai. Kēia kakahiaka nui palapala hōʻike i loko o nā lā kakahiaka o kona ulu ana, ka mea, i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o pictograms. No ka laʻana, i ka hua'ōlelo "bipi" depicted i ke poo o ka holoholona, a me ka "hele" - He kiʻi o ka wāwae.

Over manawa, nae, Chinese palapala i undergone nui loli, a ua i ka manawa o ka Han nohoaliʻi ai (206 BC -.... 220 AD), ka mea, ua lilo nui o kona descriptiveness. Ua hana Hoikehonua, huapalapala ma ka III a me IV kenekulia n. e ka. Surprisingly, akā, ma hope o ia mea, aneane i ole hoʻololi i. Ma waho aʻeo ia ka hae pepa, eia no hoi kekahi mau moʻolelo i kākau lima. Ka loa, he pono ole tsaoshu a me Xingsheng. Ka mua ano ka loa paʻakikī, e heluhelu no ka poʻe i i ole kūikawā aʻo. Xingsheng mea heʻano o kaʻae like hoʻokuʻu ma kahai ma waena o ka māmā holo kiʻekiʻe a me tsaoshu maʻamau kōmi'ōkuhi. Kēia palapala ua hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia i loko o kēia China.

Ehia na huapalapala i loko o ka Pākē 'ōlelo?

E ho i kēlā me kēia morpheme puke wehewehe'ōlelo, ka Pākē hoʻohana he hookahi kiʻiona külana. Ke uie kekahi hapanui hewahewa o nā huapalapala i kākau wale nō o ka olelo mai ai i mea kani-i i manaʻo. ʻOiai ka palapala'ōnaehana e lauwili ma manawa ma muli o ka Hope, a mau upheavals, kona kumu, a me nā huapalapala koe pili kēia i ka ia.

A pehea na huapalapala i loko o ka Pākē 'ōlelo? 'Oiai lākou helu ua oaeuiinoe ma na umi o na tausani (e like, puke wehewehe'ōlelo "Zhonghua tszyhay" kekahi mau oi ma mua o 85 tausani. Logograms), ka hapanui o ia mau mea loaʻa wale nō i loko o mōʻaukala hāʻina o nā haʻawina i unclear a pela' ana o ka ia hua'ōlelo. Nui puke wehewehe 'ana be 40 tausani. Na hoailona, a me ka heluhelu i nā nūpepa Ua lawa e ike 2-3 tausani. Hōʻailona.

Ke'ōlelo mai, no ka pane ana i ka ninau o ehia na huapalapala i loko o ka Pākē 'ōlelo, ke kaumaha ma muli mea a lakou i manaoio aku ai. Inā 'oe e hoʻohana i ka hana i ua hoʻohana' ia i loko o Kina, o ko lakou helu ka palena papaha mana loa, e like me ka helu o ka hiki pela 'ana bzgranichno, ka papa haʻawina a me typographical hewa.

I loko nō o ka mea e, ua nui nā Pākē olelo, ka mea i kākau 'ōlelo o ka hoʻomaopopo like' ano o ka 'ōlelo. Oia hoi, ina e ike ole kanaka ia i nā kupa o nā'āina, e hiki ia "kamaʻilio" me ka penikala a me ka pepa la lakou. Chinese palapala hiki ke maheleia i ekolu ano: Nohie, Traditional a me Phonetic. Eia kekahi, he mea no hoi i ka palapala i kapaia "Pinin", no ko ka i ka EKOLU Chinese Lakina palapala.

Chinese Hawaiʻi

Chinese palapala'ōnaehana mai i Hawaiʻi oia hoi o ka hōʻailona no ka EYI o ke kani huahelu, a me phonemes. Aka, ka mea, he a ka lākou o na hoailona a me logos, a nō na huahelu o ka manaʻo a me ka morpheme ( 'o ia hoʻi, E. Ka hua'ōlelo). Like i loko o kekahi 'ē' ōlelo, i ka Chinese haule ana na tausani o nā hua'ōlelo. No laila, i kēia'ōnaehana kakau pono tausani o nā hōʻailona, e ho i kela mea keia mea o ko lākou mau hanana morpheme.

Ka wā kākau kekahi mau huapalapala ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka "Hawaiʻi" o ka Pākē' ōlelo, he 12 walaʻauʻana Kimia hehee wale. Kekahi mau huapalapala komo laina elua wale kekahi paha, oiai kekahi poe i e mai i ka 84. Ina i nā wahi i wāhiʻia ma waena o ka Pākē huapalapala ua i hoʻolako, mai ka pau ana o ka XIX kenekulia palapala'ōnaehana Ua inā me kekahi mau kumu o punctuation kaha. No ka laʻana, ka mea puha koʻikoʻi a hanohano hoailona i ka hopena o keia manawa,, e like me ka comma, exclamation a me ka nīnau kaha.

Pākē hua'ōlelo, huapalapala mua depicted kanaka, holoholona a me nā mea, akā, ma luna o nā kenekulia lilo increasingly stylized a me ka ole hou e hoohalike ai i ka mea ho i. ʻOiai ka mea, nei a puni 56 tausani, ka uie kekahi hapanui hewahewa o ia eʻike i ka typical mea heluhelu -. He mea pono e ike no kaʻike heluhelu wale 3,000 o ia mau mea. Paha keia aka mea believable e pane i ka nīnau, pehea ka nui Pake huapalapala.

Nohie logograms

Ka pilikia o ka nooaai? Tausani o nā huapalapala i ka makahiki 1956 alakai aku ai i ka mea i ka palapala o ka Pākē huapalapala i ua Nohie. E like me ka hopena, ma kahi o 2,000 logograms e hiki pono i ka heluhelu, a kākau. Ua aoia no hoi lakou ma Mandarin Chinese papa wale aku no. Kēia mau hōʻailona nō simpler, a laila emi i Kimia nā kumumea ma muaʻike mau.

Nohie huapalapala i ola no ka haneri o ka makahiki, aka, ua kauoha aku hui pū i loko o ka kōmi'ōkuhi ma hope o ka hoʻokumuʻo o ka PRC i ka makahiki 1950 wale, e hoomahuahua i kaʻike heluhelu ana o ka heluna kanaka. Nohie logograms hoʻohana mahaloia kela la i keia Nupepa "People ka kela la i keia", e hoʻohana 'ia ka mea, i loko o ka Hawaiian a me ka wikiō nūhou. Eia naʻe, kanaka, ka poe i pono-palapala, e i ike i ka hana kuʻuna mana.

Kēia'ōnaehana mea maʻamau i loko o Kina (koe wale no Hong Kong) a me Kēkēmapa, a me Traditional Chinese mau ia ia i ka hae no Hong Kong, Taiwan, Macau, Malaysia, Korea, Japan a me nā'āina'ē.

phonetic palapala

E olelo Cantonese i hana i ko lakou mau oihana o ka phonetic hōʻailona. Kēia mau hōʻailona e hoʻohana i ka hou i ku una Pākē huapalapala, no ka mea hoike, i loko o nā Nā Puke Kātuna a lealea pauku o nā nūpepa a me nā Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke. Pinepine kēia mau huapalapala hiki ole ke loaʻa i loko o ka puke wehewehe'ōlelo. Ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa logograms i hoʻohana no ka EYI o Cantonese.

Pinyin

Ma ka ho'āʻo pono e e ka Pākē 'ōlelo hou aku maopopo i Western China hoʻomohala i ka "pinyin" kahua. E hoolilo i ka olelo e hoʻohana i ka Lakina Hawaiʻi. I ka makahiki 1977, ua i ka Pākē Aupuni i kekahi olelo noi i ke Aupuni Hui Pū 'no ka inoa o Leeuwerikplein mau wahi i loko o Kina me ka hoʻohana' pinyin kahua. Pinyin ua hoʻohana 'ia e ka poe i oi kama'āina me ka Roma Hawaiʻi a ua aʻo' ana i olelo Pākē.