He aha ka'oko'a i like'ole ai i nā'ale. Nā'oko'a'ano

Name o ka limu a me ka līoho, pakahi aku la ia i ko lakou 'ole a me ka physiology ike i kānakaʻepekema no ka lōʻihi manawa. I ka nānā'ana, he'ano like like kēia mau mea kanu. Eia na'e, he mau lālā lākou o nā pūnaewele pūnaewele. Ma kēia'atikala e nānā kākou i ka'oko'a o ka moss mai nā alagae.

Ka ho'olaha'ana i nā mea kanu

He aha wale nō nā mea kanu i ke'ano! Aloha kupaianaha ʻano o nā mea kanu: ka līoho, mosses, Fern, gymnosperms, flowering ... pono i helu 'ia ma. Eia na'e, ua holomua nā'auhau kālā i ka ho'ohui'ana iā lākou i nā hui like'ole ma muli o kahi ho'onohonoho pono o ka hale.

'O ke kūlike o nā'ōpala a me nā algae

No ke aha ke kinaika, ferns, algae, lichens? 'O kēia mau meaola a pau e hiki ke ki'i'ia, no ka mea, aia nā chloroplast i loko o nā pū o nā'ula'ula'ula'ula. 'O ka po'e mua o lākou e noho i ka wai. 'O kēia nā algae,'o ia ho'i he hui o nā mea kanu. Mosses - typical poʻe e noho ana ma ka aina. Eia na'e, hiki i kā lākou kōpili ke hiki wale i mua o ka wai. No laila, makemake lākou i nā wahi momona.

Ma waho, nā'ale a me nā lepo. No laila, pinepine pinepine lākou i ka huikau. 'A'ole nā lā'au a pau e ulu wale i ka wai. Noho kekahi o lākou ma nā ko'oko'o, nā pōhaku, nā lepo lepo malo'o, ma ka hau, ma ka lauoho o nā holoholona. Ho'onui lākou i kahi'ōma'oma'o'ōma'oma'o, e like me nā bryophytes. Hiki i nā'āpana'ōma'oma'o Blue ke komo i loko o symbiosis me ka hyphae o ka fungi, i lichens.

Nā'ano o nā mea kanu

Ke kapa'ia'o Algae he ha'aha'a, no ko lākou kino he hō'ili'ili o nā pu'upu'u ('a'ohe māhele i loko o ke kumu o ke a'a a me nā lau). Kapa'ia'o ia he pala, a kahi thallus a kahi thallus paha. 'A'ole kūka'ina nā pūnaewele Algae. Ho'ohui'ia lākou i ka anatomically, akā, hana kēlā me kēia mea i nā hana like. Me ke kōkua o ka rhizoids, ho'okomo'ia ka algae i ke pani. 'A'ole kēia'ano papa hana i nā'i'o, no laila'a'ole hiki ke hana i kahi'oihana hana. 'A'ole pono, no ka mea, ulu wale nā mea ha'aha'a i ka wai.

'O nā mea kanu'oi'oi ki'eki'e - nā kānaka ma ka'āina

Ma muli o ka loli o ka loli, pono e ho'ololi nā mea kanu i ka honua honua. Ua kū mai nā māka'i mua o kēia hui kaiaulu i ka Devonian. Kēia mea he pūʻulu o loa iaʻi mea kanu, a i kapaia Rhyniophyta. Ua mālama pono'ia ko lākou mau ki'i i nā mō'ī kahiko. 'O kēia nā lālā mua loa i'ike'ia ai nā'ano o nā kino conduct conduct. No laila, ua kapa'ia lākou he ma'i ma'i. Ua ho'oku'u'ia ko lākou mau ko'i mau'u, a ma kahi o nā a'a, ua mau nō ka rhizoids.

Ma kahi o nā'ōpili hpophytes i hele mai nā mosses. I kēia manawa, helu lākou i kahi 10,000 mau'ano. 'O ka'oko'a ma waena o nā'ōpala a me nā algae'a'ole ma kahi noho wale nō. Ua hiki ke ola i loko o ka noho honua ma muli o ka pilina nui o ka hale. 'O ka hapanui o nā kapua'i he hale hana hale. Ma kēia'ano, e mau ana nā rhizoids i ko lākou ola.

'O ke'ano o nā'ōpala

He aha ka'oko'a ma waena o nā pūwae a me nā algae? I loko o nā mea kanu, i'ike'ia ka loli'ana o nā hanauna i ke au o ke ola. E mai hoike i kēia kaʻina hana ma o ka hana ana o kekahi typical Luna o ka limu Kukushkin olonā. 'O kona hanauna hanauna e like me ka'ōma'oma'o'ōma'oma'o. Nānā,'ano like me kekahi'ano o nā algae.

Inā'oe e nānā pono aku, aia ka'ōma'oma'o'ōma'oma'o i nā'ōmole lahilahi me nā lau nui. I ka hopena o ke kauwela, ua ho'okumu'ia ka capsule ma luna o ke kapuahi ma ko lākou apex. 'O kēia hanauna hanauna'ole ka sporophyte. 'O ke'ano o ka pahu e like me he cuckoo. No laila ka inoa o kēia mea kanu.

I loko o kahi pahu, nā pūnaewele o ka ho'opili hua'ōlelo nui - spores. I ka wā e pa'a ai ka hiamoe i ka lepo a pale. Mai ka paio, ulu hou nā lau lau'ōma'oma'o. Ho'olālā lākou i nā'ōpiopio'api - gametangia. 'O nā kinikani male, nā oocytes a me ka spermatozoa,'oi i loko o ia mau mea. Ma ke alo o ka wai, ho'opili lākou, a me ka hopena. Mai ia mea ulu i ka sporophyte. No laila, ma ke ola'ana o nā bryophytes, ke koho mua'ia ka hanauna hanauna.

Nā'ano mea kanu: algae, pipi

Ma muli o ka'ike'ana o nā'eneke ma ka honua ma mua,'o kā lākou papahana he'oi aku. 'A'ole kēia e 'ae i kēia mau mea kanu e a'o i kahi noho hou. No ka'ike i ka'oko'a o ka moa i nā'ano algae, pono pono e no'ono'o i nā hi'ohi'ona o kā lākou hui a me nā hana o ke ola.

E ho'omaka kākou me ke'ano o ke kino. All mosses mea wale nō multicellular meaola. Aia i waena o ka algae he'ano like'ole. Eia kekahi la'ana, he unicularular ka chlamydomonas a me ka chlorella. 'O Volvox he pali colonial. Aia ia he pū'ulu o nā pūnaewele i hui pū'ia me kahi pū ho'okahi. 'Oi aku ka ma'alahi o ka'umi o chlorella, spirogyra, laminaria, sargassum. 'O lākou a pau he multicellular.

Nui nā'ano o ka'oko'a i loa'a i nā hi'ohi'ona o ke ola o kēia mau meaola. Hiki i nā'ōpala a me nā algae ke ho'okumu i ka wahine. Akā i ka hopena, hiki kēia hana ma lalo o nā kūlana maika'i'ole. 'O kēia ka'ano palekana o nā algae. No ka la'ana, me ka emi'ana o ka mahana o ka wai ai'ole ka malo'o'ana o kahi loko i'a,'o ka pūpū makuahine o nā chlamydomonas e hana i nā kuhi.

Hele lākou i loko o ka wai a ho'opa'a i nā pālua. 'O ka hopena, ua ho'okumu'ia kahi zygote - he hua manu. Ua uhi'ia me ka iwi pa'apū, ka mea e hiki ai iā'oe ke halihali a maloo, a me ka malo'o. Ke ho'ohālikelike nā kūlana maika'i, ua māhele'ia nā mea o ka zygote, e hiki ai ke ho'ohuli i nā pūnaewele pūnaewele o ka reproductive reproduction - zoospores. Ho'onui lākou i ka nui a loa'a nā hi'ohi'ona o nā po'e mākua.

No laila, ma kēia'atikala ua nānā mākou i ka'oko'a o ka pu'upu'u mai ka algae. 'O nā hi'ohi'ona nui:

• 'O nā loina nā kumu ulu ulu i ulu i ka wai.
• 'O Mosses - nā kānaka mua ma ka'āina.
• Hiki i nā Algae ke'ano ho'okahi- a he multicellular. Aia kekahi mau kālepale colonial.
• 'O nā'ōpala a pau he mau mea kanu multicellular, a he kino kahi o kona kino.
• Ma nā'ā'ī, nā kāne a me nā wāhine, ka sporophyte a me ka gametophyte'a'ole'ē i waho. Hiki paha i nā mosses ke'ano like'ole i ko lākou papa.
• Hiki i nā Algae ke ho'onui ma nā māhele o ka thallus. 'A'ole hiki i nā Mosses ke hana hou i nā mea kanu.