Izhora (kanaka): Ka Ike a me ka History

Izhora kanaka - ka uuku lehulehu o nā kānaka e noho ana i loko o Rusia. Eia ma laila nō ma kahi o 200 kanaka, 60 o ia nō e noho i loko o Estonia. Kēia ethnonym ua loko mai o ka Kuekene hua'ōlelo Ingermanland - i ka aina hema o ke awawa o Finland ai-kapa. Aia nōʻelua wale nō e pili ana i kahi o kēia inoa, kekahi ma ka aoao Ingigerda, ka wahine a Yaroslava Mudrogo, a ma ka aoao o ka mea kahiko Lūkini Prince Igor, ke keiki a Rurik.

No laila, i ka ike e pili ana i ka lāhui i nā pūʻulu Izhora? General 'ike e pili ana i na kanaka i hoonoho ai i lalo, e kōkuaʻoe aʻo hou.

Ka mokuna o ka noho

Ma ka 12-13 kenekulia ka Izhors noho ma kekahiʻaoʻao o ka Neva, e pili ana i na palena o ko lakou mau kauhale, he kaikuwahine River Tosna, Nazia. I ka hoʻomaka o ka 16th kenekulia kā lākou waiwai i hiki aku i ka muliwai Oredezh River ma ke kūkulu hema. Akā, laila, hoomaka ae la i ka aina e taper aku, mua nalowale noho i loko o ka Karelian Isthmus, a laila, puni ka Hawaiian wahi Kulanui, a laila, ma Oredezh River. Ano, Izhors noho wale i loko o ka Apana Lomonosov a me Kingisepp o Leningrad māhele. Kekahi 'elele o kēia lāhui kanaka, ua hoʻoneʻe i St. Petersburg. Aka, mai malama ole i ko lakou mau aʻa, a kuhikuhi ia lakou iho e like me Izhors.

Naʻe, i ka papa kuhikuhiE ola āpana - Soikinsky Peninsula, e waiho nei ma waena o Luga a me Koporskaya lehelehe. Nā hiʻona maoli o ka wahi i i ka mea, ua aneane kaʻawale mai ka pelapela a kekahi hapa o ka moʻo o ic ??, a impassable Swamp. I mea no ke aha kanaka i loko o kēlā mau kauhale, Izhora hiki ke kōkua ma muli o kā lākou mau moʻomeheu, ma naʻe o ka maoli koke i ka'ākau kapikala.

moʻolelo

Ke hoohiki mua o na aina e-Izhora ua loaʻa i loko o ka bipi kāne o ka Pope Alexander, kākau i loko o ka 12th kenekulia. Soon ma Europa, ia la ia mea i ka Izhora - kanaka ikaika a me ka weliweli. Ma ka moʻolelo o Russian Izhors mua i olelo ia i loko o ke kenekulia 13th like allies o Novgorod. Ka mea, ua kuleana no ka palekana o ka Hawaiian wahi, mai ka Swedes.

Akā, ma ka 1611 lākou'āina nō i luna o Kuekene, no laila, he nui 'ōiwi Izhors hoʻoneʻe i ka aina malalo o Rusia. Akā, i ka 1721, o Petero ka Nui i naʻi i ka aina, a lilo iho la kekahi hapa o ka St. Petersburg panalaau mea.

Ka huina o ka 1732 hōʻike ia ma luna o ka mokuna o Ingermanland, aia nō ma kahi o 14 a me ka hapa tausani izhoryan. Ma ka 19th kenekulia, kā lākou helu mahuahua iki - mai i 18 tausani. 'Ikepili helu i ka 1926 hōʻike i nā kēia mau kiʻi: 16137 kanaka.

Akā, World War II i lawe mai ai e pili ana i loli: ka hapanui o ka lāhui 'ōiwi kanaka i lawe i kokoke Finland, a he nui na noho wale eliminated. I ka wa e hoi mai e noho ma ka hale ka mea, i ole ia, a ua hoʻowalewaleʻia maiʻo ia Siberia, kahi e hookoe i ko lakou lāhui wahine paha, a me ka 'ōlelo ua liloʻaneʻane hiki ole i. Kēlā mau Izhors i noho ma luna o ka Karelian Isthmus, kekahi assimilated me ka kūloko heluna. Native 'ōlelo a me ka moʻomeheu oiwi he wale nā kupa o (akau-komohana o ka mua Ingria) Kingisepp District, e like me kekahi mau kanaka o na kauhale ma luna o ka muliwai Kovash.

Tereré Izhora - People ka make mai. I ka 1959, ua iki aku ma mua o ka tausani hookahi, i ka makahiki 1970 - 781, a ma ka 1989 - 276. Ka loa nāʻikepili - He 266 kanaka (2010). He mea minamina i ka awelika makahiki o 68-70 makahiki, a 'o ia hoʻi ia ma hope o ka makahiki kakaikahi like me ka Izhora aupuni' ē aku i nalo loa.

'ōlelo

Ka mea, e pili ana i ka Baltic-Pinilana hui. Izhora loaʻa paha kekahi mau olelo:

• Sojkinskaja;
• hevasky;
• nizhneluzhsky;
• oredezhsky.

Sojkinskaja Ua walaʻauʻana, ua olelo ia ma ka hapanui o Izhora Peninsula. Hevasky, he pono ole i loko o ka Lomonosov apana. Ma nizhneluzhski e olelo aku nei i loko o ka haahaa ino i o ka muliwai o Luga, a i manao ai he ikaika hopena Votian no ka mea, ola ka mea i hui pūʻia Vod a me Izhora. Oredezhsky nalowale i kakahiaka nui me 1930, ka wā e make hope Media. Ua Ua manaoio aku ia ia i ka cleanest o nā mea a pau i ka olelo, no ka mea pakele i ka aoao o ka Pinilana 'ōlelo.

Akā, ka mea i wale e hoomaka ana i loko o ka moʻolelo Izhora lāhui hui. i ole hoi i ke kanaka kona iho Hawaiʻi. Kākau i ka Izhora waleʻikeʻia i loko o 1930 ma ka Initiative o ke aupuni i loko o ka? Aieao o ka moʻomeheu? Acaeoey polokalamu o ka lāhui kanaka uuku. Ma ke kumu o ka Roma Hawaiʻi palapala i ua hana, a laila, nui ka hoʻokahi grammar. ʻO loko o ke kula, aʻu i mālama 'ia ma ka' ōlelo makuahine Izhora, no ka mea heluna o nā puke i paʻiʻia. Naʻe, i kēia polokalamu koke huli. Ano wale hapalua Izhora mau 'ōlelo, no laila, i ka 2009 ia i komo i loko o ka "Mea Maluna Iho o ka World ka' Ōlelo a me ka pilikia" ma UNESCO.

hoomana

Izhora - lāhui kanaka me ka waiwai uhane moʻomeheu. No ka kenekulia Izhors he pegana, akā, i loko o ke kenekulia 13th, hoomaka ae la lakou e 'Imi hoohuli i Orthodoxy. Kuekene lanakila ko lakou mau aina ma hope, i kanu pū Lutheranism, nae, ka mea, aole e poho iho kona aʻa hohonu. Ano, i ka hoomana Izhora ninoieo o ka symbiosis o Karistiano a me ka paganism. No ka laʻana, nō hoopaa iho la o ka manaoio ma o ka uhane o ka aina, i ka wai, i ka poe kiai o ka ipu ahi, hoomana aku la ia kapu laau, pohaku, etc.

House

Traditional hana Izhora anciently he lawaia a me ka mahiai. Holoholona ka apuepue mālama. Ua? Ac? Pottery a me ka lāʻau. Lawaiʻa herring a smelt Izhora i ka papa kuhikuhi makahiki o Hawaiian wahi a hiki i nei. Akā, Eia naʻe, i kēia iʻa i aneane oki ia e hopuʻia ma laila no o ka? Aneii o kekahi? Ueo o crustaceans. No laila, me nā kūpuna i noho i loko o ke kauhale, a me kā lākou mau keiki, a mau moopuna i E neʻe i loa i ka nui kulanakauhale, ʻano nui i loko o St. Petersburg, ma ka huli 'ana i ka' oihana maikai.

moʻomeheu

Izhora - kanaka i loa kiʻiona. Kekahi o ka hoihoi 'oihana mua o ka aina kapa o ka kūikawā scarf (sappano) i ka wahine i komo, me ka wehe i ka lā a me ka pō. Traditional wahine ka a me na kanaka ka Awaits (ryatsinya) Ua i humuia me ka waiwai ornamentation a me ka'ololaha buckle hoʻopaʻaʻia ma ka'ā'ī. Hāwele iho hoʻiʻo wahine kāʻei hoʻonaniʻia me nā lei, a cowrie leho.

Material moʻomeheu ua kokoke ia Russian. He mea akaka ma ku una pupupu, a me na mea paahana a o ka mahiai. Songs, kanikau - mea he nui kaila o nāʻoihana, e hoʻomaka ana me ka mare, a pau me ka hoʻolewa.

Ike i ka mea a pau, ao runopevitsa Larin Paraske, kona poem, i pū nā mele i loko o ka moʻolelo "Kalevala". Ke kia hoʻomanaʻo, depicting ka izhorku kaulana, kū ma ka waenakonu o Helsinki.

Paha koke loaʻa wale Memories o kēia lāhui kanaka hookahi-ikaika, e e. Akā, i lōʻihi e like me ka mea, i na elele hope o Izhora, ola, a me ko lakou kahiko moʻomeheu.