Ka mahina Rutherford

Ernest Rutherford - kū hoʻokahi, loa loea a me ka loa hana nä känaka 'epekema. It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka mea nui discoveries i i e ia ma hope o kona loaa ana i ka Nobel uku. I ka 1911, keia kanaka i ka pomaikai i ka hoao ana o Rutherford (no laila, ka mea i kapaʻia ma hope), i 'ae' ia e nānā i loko o ka'Ātoma, a kiʻi i kekahi manaʻo o pehea ia e hana.

Ua mālama 'ia He ho okolohua me na nā'ātoma mua. ʻO ko lākou manaʻo ua ia ma kekahi mau pana pua o ka deflection o (particles) e hoouluulu ai lawa 'ike ma a ua ka manawa maopopo i kekahi mea i ho'ākāka' ana no ka i olelo aku 'ole o ka'Ātoma. I ke kakahiaka nui 20th kenekulia, nä känaka 'epekema i hoomaopopoia i ka mea iloko ona i loko ona iho i ka electrons i negatively i hoopiiia. Naʻe, i ka loa hoʻomano hoʻohana i ka manawa e kiʻi i ka manao ana o ka'Ātoma mea e like me ka olelo ikaika mai, papa lahilahi maka aha i ua piha i electrons me ka io kauoha. Kēia kükohu ua kapaia "kaʻupena nae me ka hua waina."

Rutherford i kekahi hanana ka hoao ana. ʻepekema pu kūkulu i haawi aku i ka kālele ana, a kuhikuhi kaola o (particles). Ua nana aku la e like me ka leaden pahu, a ua he ololi slit. Loko ka mea, Ua waiho radioactive mea. Alpha (particles), a i kinoea ma kekahi radioactive waiwai i loko o nā wahi koe kekahi, i ua hoʻokemuʻia ma ka pale o ke kēpau, a ma ke kau wale lele manaʻoi kuhikuhi huna mea ulana lole. Ma kona hele ana laila, ka mea e kuhikuhi he mau pale o ke kēpau me kau eʻoki i ka (particles) deviate mai ka olelo akau. E like me ka hopena o ia inā pilikia ka haumāna Rutherford lele mai ai i ka pale hoʻomōhala huna mea nana i ulana, i ka pale o loko wale na poe i loa wiwi metala pepa kini. O ka LIKE o Alpha-Ray.

Ma hope o Alpha (particles) collide me nā'ātoma o ka pepa kini, hoomau iho la lakou ma ko lakou hele ana, a me ka ho'ōla i loaʻa iā lākou iho ma ka phosphor pale i i hoʻouka kekahi ma hope o ka pale umauma hoʻokahi. I ka wā o nā (particles) pa a ke ku i ka pale, i ka waihonaʻike i palapala ia ma luna o laila, ma luna a he experimenter ke hoahewa ana, a ma ka nui o ka Alpha-(particles) i deflected mai ka pololei i ka olelo o ka noi 'ana i ka hookui hookahe koko ana a me nā'ātoma o ke gula pepa kini.

Rutherford ua ai mua no ka mea, o ka mea i ole i kekahi ma mua ona, i ole ho'āʻo pono e hooki, ina kekahi (particles) e deflected i nui pana pua. Ke kahiko kükohu o ka maka aha i ole ae i ke ola ana o laila, kaumaha a me ka anuanu nā kumumea i loko o ka'Ātoma, no laila, i ka mea hiki ke hoole aku i ka mea e hoʻokēʻai ai, alpha (particles) ma ka huina i lawa nui.

Rutherford ka hoao ana alakaʻi ai i ka hopena i loa o ka nuipa a ua kiaʻana i kāna i loa anuanu mea, i ua aia i loko o ka naʻau o ke'Ātoma. Ke koena hapa ua ma ka ike maopopo loa Emi mai ka paʻapū ma mua o ka mea, ua manao mamua. Rutherford'Ātoma kakauia iloko ona hyperdense oaio, i i ua kapaia ka nucleus, a, ma ke alanui, he maikaʻi kauoha i kia.

Ke kiʻi o ka'Ātoma, a unuhi ae la i nä känaka 'epekema, mākou i kēia manawa, ua maopopo loa ia. Rutherford ka kükohu moe ana ma ka oiaio i ka piko o Nyos i loko o ka nucleus me ka maikaʻi ka uku ole, i ua kia i ka pau nui o ka'Ātoma. I mau, ka'ākilikai'Ātoma. No laila, i ka helu ana o electrons loko, e like me ka mea nukelea kauoha, e like me ka helu hehee ai i loko o ka papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika nenoaiu. Ua Ua maopopo i hiki ole i ka electrons hoomaha i loko o ka'Ātoma, e like me ka mea, makemake wale haule iho i loko o ka nucleus. Ka mea, hele nei a puni e pili ana i ka ia me na hoku a revolve a puni ka lā malamalama.

Keia ano o ka neʻeʻana hoakaka i ka hana o Coulomb koa, mai ka nucleus. Nā'ātoma i ka pilina paʻa i loko o ka unexcited moku'āina, ka mea hiki ke ola no ka nui loa o ka manawa, me ka hoʻopuka wai i kekahi electromagnetic a nalu. Akā, i ka planetary ho o ka'Ātoma, aole nae ia i ho'āʻo ai experimentally, hiki ole wehewehe kumu ia mea hale lio.