Ka moolelo o ka "Ka Lower hohonu" Gorky: pehea ka mea, ua

Ua nui ua heluhelu i ka play, i i kākauʻia e Maxim Gorky "Ka Lower hohonu". Mōʻaukala o ka hanaia ana o kona loa hana hoihoi. E like me uaʻike, ka Lūkini kākau moʻolelo, a ma kona wā'ōpiopio, ua alakai bosyatskyʻaoʻao o ke ola, pinepine hele ana me ka knapsack ma luna o kona kua. Paha mau loa aku no ia ia, a ae hiamoe ia me noho hale kamala. Loa paha, ke kumumanao e hana i kekahi hana e pili ana i na ins, a mai loko mai o ke ola o kēia kanakaʻoihana kaua i loko o kona naʻau no ka lōʻihi manawa Maksima Gorkogo. Akā, e waiho i loko o ka hana pono ia mea wale nō ka wā o ka mea kākau moʻolelo manao e huli i ka hana keaka. Ua hiki i ka huli ana o XIX-XX kenekulia.

ka lolouila 'o Puʻohala

Ka troupe o ka Moscow Art Kino i ka 1900, hele aku la i ka Crimea, e waiho ana ma ke alo o kona mau hana keaka ma Chekhov ka "Uncle Vanya" a me "Ka Seagull." Akā,ʻaʻole wale nō ia i ka huakaʻi o na nā mea hana keaka. Like Nemirovich-Danchenko hai, ka luna hoʻokele o ke keaka, kā lākou AIM ua no hoi e halawai me Gorky, a hoomaopopo ia ia, e kākau i ka hula. Lakou hana ia. Ka loa moolelo o "Ka Lower hohonu" Gorky i mālama ai i ka impetus no ke kākau 'ana a me ka mea'ē aʻe apana. Ua ike huahana e like me "ko Pilisetia" a me ka "Dachniki". Mahalo i ka mea kahea aku, o na Artists, Maxim Gorky wehe i ka playwright.

Hana ma luna o nā'āpana

A pau ekolu apana i kākau aneane ka poʻe. Kela manawa, Ua hala i kākau o "ko Pilisetia" i ka 1901 ma ka hale kiaka. Ka moolelo o ka "Ka Lower hohonu" Gorky ua pilikia. Ka pae i ka manawa lōʻihi hiki ole ana a hiki i ka hookahi inoa. koho "Doss hale" i ua ho'āʻo, "Lima Sun", "lalo". Akā, i ka mea i ka mea, e ia he play, Gorky i koʻu kiiiaʻe nei. He makemake e lawe ia huahana oiaio hoi i ka poe kanaka, ka poe i kākauʻia i ka poʻe e noho lā ma ka doss ka hale no ka poe ilihune: ka Malia paha, a illiterate. Naʻe, i ka hana o ka hoopaapaa: ka mea, olelo maiʻaneʻi aneane iwakalua makahiki o ka nānāʻana i ke ola, aoao, a me ka hua'ōlelo "kanaka kahiko".

Ka moolelo o ka "Ka Lower hohonu" Gorky, a me Pehea mea a pau, hoomaka ae la

Kela manawa, "ko Pilisetia" au i hana i ka puu o ka leo. Censorship ho'āʻo i kaʻino o ka oi aku caustic wahi i e e concessions. Ka hula Ua hoala mua i loko o St. Petersburg, ma ka hikina o ka Moscow Art Kino hele aku la ma ka huakaʻi i loko o March 1902. Ma ka lole keaka ma keʻena ua piha o kiu ma sīwila kapa, i kū ma ke alo o ka lio gendarmerie. Stanislavsky e pili ana i kēia'ōlelo hoʻomakeʻaka, i mea aʻo i oi pahuhopu nei me ka mau kaua ma mua o keaka ma. Oia ke aupuni hype wahie wale lehulehu hoihoi i loko o ka playwright-debutant. No laila, i ka lua o ka apana i wale make i ka pomaikai.

? iecaianoaaiiuo

Ka moolelo o ka "Ka Lower hohonu" Gorky ua nui pōkole ma mua o ke alanui ko ia neiʻoniʻoni i ka Mea Nānā. Ua i 18 mahina opuupuu waihona waiwai o kekahi mau laikini 'uku mua censorship i ka Noda a hiki i ke kau, akā, wale ma ke kahua o ka Moscow Art Kino. E like me ka mōʻaukala kumu, ua hana ia, no ka mea, uaʻike pono mai o ka ole o ka hula. Naʻe, i ke aupuni nalowale maka o ka mea o ka aina eʻoihana kaua, hoʻokahuli aupuni kulana. 1905 ua pono a puni ke kihi. Ka hula ka pomaikai ua deafening, a me keia hiki ole wale ka stellar hoolei e hewa ia. I thunderous applause Gorky kii i ka loa umikumamalima manawa. Ka mea kākau, ua mokuahana, aole ia i makemake ia nani. Mai laila, i ka hana o ko Gorky ka "Ka Lower hohonu" ma ka Moscow Art hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni loa no 60 makahiki (a December 1962) i 1451 manawa.