Kalapona monoxide: haʻilula a me ka waiwai

He nui gaseous waiwai? Ueony ana ma ke ano maoli, hua mai la ma ka hana, e potentʻawahia i huiʻia. Ua ua ike ia chlorine ua hoʻohana 'ia e like me ka liluwelo kaua, he mau o ka bromine i ikaika corrosive ia ma luna o kaʻili, hydrogen sulfide ke kumu no kaʻapu kōheoheo, a no laila, ma luna o.

Kekahi mau mea o ka kalapona monoxide paha i carbon monoxide, i ka haʻilula o i i kona mau 'ano i loko o ka' ole. About ia ia, a ana au i ke hou ia.

Nine haʻilula HI

Empirical haʻilula nānaina o ke kumuhana hui like penei: SB. Naʻe, i kēia palapala e haawi wale i kekahi hōʻike o ka qualitative, a laupaʻi haku mele 'ana, akā,' aʻole i pili i nā 'ano o ka' ole a me ka mea o'ātoma paa ana i loko o ka lātoma. A ka mea, i kekahi mai ia o nā mea a pau'ē aʻe e like me kinoea.

Kēia hiʻona e loli ai i ka hui hōʻike i ke kino ai a me ka Nine Inch waiwai. He aha ke ano o ka 'ole?

hakakino 'ole

Mua, ka mea empirical haʻilula ua ike ia ka o carbon hui mea i loko o ka valency II. Wale no e like me ka oxygen. Nolaila, kela mea keia mea o lakou i hiki ke hana mau paa. Nine haʻilula o kalapona monoxide CO ua visually hookupaa iho la ia.

A no laila, i ka hana i kēia. Ma waena o ka kalapona'Ātoma a me ka oxygen ma keʻano papa hana socialization unpaired electrons i hana, papalua covalent Polar hoopaa. Ke'ī mai, i ka mall haʻilula o ka kalapona monoxide i ka palapala C = O.

Eia naʻe, ma keia mau lātoma 'Aʻole i pau i laila. No ka mea mau pou-acceptorʻano papa hana i loko o lātoma ho okumu ia lŘlŘ kolu, dative a semipolar hoopaa. No ke aha la i keia? Mai ma hope o ke kahua o ka covalent paa ana ma ka wehe aʻe i ka mea i oxygen koe mau hui o nā electrons, a me ka kalapona'Ātoma - ipu orbital, alaila, o ka hana hope me ka acceptor o kekahi o ka hui ana o ka mea mua. Ma nā hua'ōlelo, ka oxygen ma huina'ine paʻa aia ma ka noa orbital kalapona paa ho okumu ia lŘlŘ.

Penei, kalapona - acceptor, i oxygen - mau pou. No laila, i ka haʻilula HI kemika i ka kēia palapala: S≡O. Kēia structuring la lātoma aku Nine Inch kumupaʻa a me ka inertness hōʻike ma ka waiwai ma lalo o maʻamau ana.

Ke'ī mai, i ka mea paʻa ma ka lātoma o kalapona monoxide:

• mau Polar covalent i hanaʻia ma ka hoonohonoho houʻano papa hana pono socialization unpaired electrons;
• kekahi dative i hanaʻia ma luna o kekahi mau pou-acceptor AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN ma waena o ka noa huina'ine mau a me ka orbital;
• a pau paa ma ka lātoma - ekolu.

physical waiwai

Aia nō i ka helu o nā 'ano, a, e like kekahi' ē hui mai kalapona monoxide. Ke haʻilula o ka waiwai a pauʻo ia ka mea akaka i ka aniani puka olu oia o ka hakakino, moku'āina gaseous ma lalo o maʻamau ana. Kēia hoʻohuʻu ke kēia physical kiko'î.

1. S≡O - kalapona monoxide (haʻilula) nuʻa - 1,164 kg / ka m ^3.
2. Ke baila aʻela i wahi a me ka mahele heheʻe i ka wahi pakahi: 191/205 ⁰ C.
3. Wailana i: wai (kānaka), me Etera, benzene, ka waiʻona, chloroform.
4. Ua 'Aʻole e loaʻa'ē iā lākou a me ka honi.
5. Colorless.

Mai ka liluwelo wahi o ka hoomaopopo, ia mea paʻakikī pilikia no nā mea a pau, he poe e noho ana, koe wale no kekahi mau 'ano o ka koʻohune.

Nine Inch mall

Mai ka viewpoint o reactivity, kekahi o ka inert waiwai ma lalo o maʻamau rula - ka kalapona monoxide. Haʻilula, ai na mea paa a pau me ia ma ka lātoma, ua hookupaa iho la ia. He no ka mea, o ia ka 'ole ka ikaika o ka hui ma lalo o paʻamau? Aneie nā hoailona kokoke i komo i loko o kekahi AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN.

Eia naʻe, ia mea ma ka liʻiliʻi loa he wahi wela'ōnaehana like dative hoopaa i loko o ka lātoma, mai hemo mai ia me covalent. A laila, kalapona monoxide hoʻomaka e hōʻikeʻeleu hoemi ka waiwai, a me ka ikaika nui. Penei, ia mea hiki ke reacting me:

• ka oxygen;
• chlorine;
• alkalis (ka heheʻe);
• me oxides a me ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia paʻakai;
• me ka poʻo;
• iki i ka wai;
• me ka ammonia;
• me ka hydrogen.

No laila, e like me ka ua, ua stipulated ma luna o ka waiwai i hōʻike kalapona monoxide, e wehewehe haʻilula pili kēia.

I ma ke ano maoli

I ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka CO i loko o ka lewa - ahi ululaau. Aia hoʻi, i ka papa kuhikuhiE kaʻina hana no ka ho okumu ana o maoli kinoea ma - he hapa'ā o nāʻano likeʻole o ka wahie, ka hapanui ke aloha ano.

Anthropogenic kumu o ka kalapona monoxide ea haumia ea mea i nui like i haawi ai i ka nui hapa iki o ka ia pakeneka, e like me maoli. Mau nā:

• i ka uahi, mai ka hana o nā mea wili a me nā hale hana, metallurgical mea kanu a me nā hanalima hana;
• a no ka maluhiluhi kinoea mai na'ā kiko'ī.

Ma lalo o maoli keia, kalapona monoxide ua hikiwawe oxidized ma ka lewa o oxygen, a me ka wai ka ohu i ka o carbon dioxide. Ma keia ua ma muli mua kōkua ma ka hihia o kaʻapu kōheoheoʻana ma kēia hui.

? eaia

He waiwai kuhikuhi kekahi hiʻona. Kalapona monoxide (haʻilula), kalapona'okikene lua (hakakino 'ole), niioaaonoaaiii, e like penei: S≡O a G = C = O. Ke koena unuhi ma kekahi ka oxygen'Ātoma. Nolaila, he hanalima hana no ka hana monoxide ma muli o ka naoh ma waena o ke kalapona'okikene lua, a: CO ₂ + C = 2CO. 'O kēia ka easiest a me ka loa, he pono ole iaoia no ka hoʻololi kemikala o ka hui.

I ke keʻena hoʻokolohua hoʻohana likeʻole ke aloha i huiʻia, hiki ke hooheheeia paʻakai a me ka luna 'mea, no ka ua e manaoia hua e eʻoi aku ka nui.

Qualitative mea kemikala ma ke alo o ka lewa a me kalapona monoxide pāʻoihana - palladium koloriside. I kā lākou maemae metala i hanaʻia ma ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN ~ o i ke kumu poeleele hoi o ka pāʻoihana a me ka pepa ili honua.

Ke liluwelo ia ma luna o ka meaola

Me ua stipulated luna, o carbon dioxide - Ua nuiʻawahia, colorless, pilikia loa a me ka ona pest no ke kanaka kino. A ole wale o ke kanaka, a me ka mau kekahi ola. Mea kanu i ka mea ma lalo o ka aoao o ke kaa a no ka maluhiluhi, make loa koke.

He aha kēia nui o ka liluwelo hopena o ka kalapona monoxide ma ke kipi 'ia o ka holoholona mea? A pau i ka mea i loko o ke kahua o ka hale lio eiiieaena i huiʻia i ke koko kumuʻiʻo hemoglobin a noonoo kinoea. Ia mea, kahi oxygen ma nā lātoma i trapped ino. Ke kelepona hele ka hanu nā koke wahi, ke kinoea mail mea,ʻaʻole hiki i loko o ka maʻamau papa o kona.

E like me ka hopena, aia no he gradual blockage o hemoglobin nā lātoma, a, me ia i kaʻilihune, ka make. He nui iho la ia e hoʻolilo i ka'ōlelo a pau ma ka 80%, a hiki i ka hope o kaʻapu kōheoheo lilo ona. No keia mea, ke kalapona monoxide lehulehu i loko o ka lewa e e 0,1%.

Ka mua hoailona, a hiki hooholo i ka hoouka kaua ana o kaʻapu kōheoheo me kēia hui e like penei:

• headache;
• pōniuniu;
• poho o ka ike paka i.

First Kokua - i hou lewa, kahi i carbon dioxide ma lalo o ka aoao o ka o oxygen huli i loko o carbonicʻakika, i ua defused. Hihia o ka make, mai na ona mai o ka waiwai ma ka ninau, ua hele pinepine mai, o ka oi aku i ka hale me ka kapuahi paio hahana maoli nō. Ma hope o ke'ā o ka laau, lanahu a me ka wahie me he he hopena ia o ke kinoea pono pepa. Hoʻokō 'ana i ka maluhia rula mea nui no ka malama ana o ke ola a me ka kanaka ola.

No hoi, he nui na hihia o kaʻapu kōheoheoʻana i loko o? Eeiai oiiaa, a ohi i ka puu o ka holo kaʻa kiko'ī, akā, ka mea i lawe mai ai a lawa hawaiian ea. Make ia lŘlŘ i loko o ka hora ma ka oi o ka allowable lehulehu. Haha aku i ke alo o ke kinoea mea kāohi ole, ma hope o nā mea a pau,ʻaʻoheʻala, i ke kala ia i hana ole.

E hoʻohana i ka hana

Ma ka metallurgical hana no ka loaa ana o ke hooheheeia, mai ko lakou mau oxides a paʻakai reactions pinepine hoʻohana mea kalapona monoxide. Ke haʻilula o ka kūpono hui - CO _2. mea hiki ke hooheheeia - maemae waiwai ua kekahi hana.

A, kalapona monoxide ua hoʻohana 'ia:

• no ka aaioee o ka ai a me ka ia huahana, a leie mai, e haawi ia lakou i ka hawaiian Look;
• No ka mea hoʻololi kemikala o kekahi ke aloha i huiʻia;
• like me ka ke keʻena o ke kinoea mīkini hana wāwahie.

Nolaila, ua waiwai nei,ʻaʻole wale nō nā palapala a me ka weliweli, akā, i loa pono no ke kanaka a me ka? Aneiai hana.