Kozlov Petr Kuzmich - Russian kanaka noiʻi Mongolia, Kina a me Tibet, he lâlâ 'o ka Great Game: Kawaihae, discoveries, hoʻolilo' ia '

Kozlov Petr Kuzmich (1863-1935) - Russian hele,ʻImi Loa o Asia, kekahi o na lala koʻikoʻi o ka Great Game. He ua he honorary lâlâ o ka Lūkini Kuʻe Huli Society, lâlâ 'o ka Ukrainian Academy o Sciences a me kekahi o na biographers mua o ka Przewalski. I kēia mau lā mākou e nānā i ke ola a me ka hana ana o keia kanaka kupaianaha ma ka hou au mamuli.

kamaliʻi

Kozlov Petr Kuzmich, hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo mai ke ola ia a mākou e noonoo, hanau October 15, 1863 ma ka kaona liʻiliʻi Dukhovshchina pili ana i ka aina o Smolensk. Mother o ka wā e hiki mai hele ua mau pū ma ka mahiʻai. Kona makua kāne i ka haʻahaʻa o kuai. I nā mākua ke uku iki noonoo ana i na keiki, a i ole mālama e pili ana i kā lākou hoʻonaʻauao. Kela a me keia makahiki, i ka makua kāne o Petero i kipaku i nā holoholona, mai ka Ukraine no ka waiwai industrialist. A ike iho la o Petero i ka uuku mua, hoomaka ae la oia e hele aku ia me kona makua kāne. Paha ka mea, ua i kēia huakaʻi, i ke keiki hāʻule i loko o ke aloha a me ka mua lōʻihi hele ana.

Petr Ros aneane nānā 'ole o ka' ohana. Mai kekahi kakahiaka nui elemakule inquisitive keiki aloha i ka puke. Travel moʻolelo keiki ke heluhelu a pau lā lōʻihi. Ma hope, e like me he kanaka kaulana, Kozlov e e pī me nā moʻolelo e pili ana i kona wā kamaliʻi, apparently ma muli o ka nele o vivid nā manaʻo.

wa opiopio

I kona makahiki 12, i hoouna mai ai i ke keiki i ke kula eha-makahiki. Ma hope o ua noho mai ia i loko o 16 makahiki, hoomaka ae la o Petero e lawelawe ma ka oihana o ka brewery, a ua ke aupuni '66 kilomika aku, mai kona aina. Uninteresting monotonous hana iʻole nō paha i ka 'ike mikiʻala kanaka opiopio. He ho'āʻo i ka hoʻonaʻauao aku ia makou iho, a hoʻoholo i kākau inoa ma ke Kumu o ka Institute.

Koke ma mua o kēia, na? Iie kulanui, Leeuwerikplein a me ka topographical kaiāulu hana maʻEnelani, Germany, France, Japan a me Kina, hoomaka ae la i ka 'Imi makaikai i Asia. Ma ho'ā 'ia paha, a me ka Lūkini Kuʻe Huli Society, hoʻokumu i ka 1845. Big hihiu hala mai koa confrontations i loko o ka 'epekema heihei. ʻO ka manawa ia Kozlov hana lio ke mauu nei ma na kula o Smolensk, i kona, e like Nikolai Mikhailovich Przewalski i mua ma luna o nā 'aoʻao o nā nūpepa a me nā Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke. Hana heluhelu enthusiastically kupaianaha hoike, hele noiʻi a me na mea he nui nā keikikāne moe, e 'oe i kona mau hoʻomanaʻo. Kozlov heluhelu e pili ana i Przhevalsky me pakahi ohohia. Articles a me nā puke i ua paipaiʻia ia pilialoha aloha no Asia a me ka wahine paha, o ka hele loaʻa ai i loko o ka paʻakikī o Petero ke kiʻi o ka poʻe hoʻokalakupua-moʻolelo meʻe. Naʻe, i ka manawa o nā kānaka uʻi he like hopena a pau, e waiho iaʻo Iosepa, he uuku.

Familiarity me Przheval'skiy

By ulia, Kozlov Petr Kuzmich koke halawai i kona kiʻi. A i loko o ke kauwela o 1882, kokoke Smolensk, ma ke kauhale o Sloboda, ma hope o ka mea e hiki mai ana huakaʻi hele mai e hoomaha ma luna o kona waiwai a pau o ka naʻi aupuni kaulana o Asia. Ike ana i ke ahiahi i loko o ke kīhāpai deliberating keiki, Nikolai Mikhailovich hoʻoholo ihola e ninau aku ia ia ke kumu ia i ua ai passionate ana. Haliu ae la ia a puni, a ike ae la oia i ka kona kiʻi, o Petero, ua hauʻoh boa. Kānaka hanu, i mai la ia i ke nä känaka 'epekema i kona ninau. Ua huli mai i Kozlov i manao e pili ana i mea ana i ike mai na hoku ma Tibet he nui ka malamalama a me ka ua ia meaʻaʻole paha e hiki loa ike i kēia i loko o kanaka. Ka wā e hiki mai hele aku la o Przhevalsky me ka manao pono, oiaio, i ka mea, i ole hoi kānalua, kono aku la ia ia no ka ninaninau.

I loko nō o ka unuhi i loko o kona mau makahiki a me ka nohona haʻahaʻa, na aoao he nui loa congenial. Ke nä känaka 'epekema hoʻoholo i ka lawe i kona hoa opiopio i ka lokomaikaʻi a me ka anu u ma ka anu u, e lawe mai ia i loko o ke ao nei o ka' oihana ka hele ana. Ma waena o Kozlov a Przheval'skiy e ho'ōla pepehi aku i ka oiaio aloha. E manao ana ia Petero i loa haawiia mai ai i ka hihia, a ke nä känaka 'epekema iho i ka manao pono laʻa,ʻo ia i ke kuleana e lawe i kaʻeleu loa i loko o ke kanaka'ōpiopio ka ola. I ka Akuma ka 1882, Nikolai Mikhailovich opiopio hoa i kaumaha aku ai, e hoʻoikaika iā ia, ma kona wahi iho, a mai ia hōʻeleu i ke aʻo 'ana. Life i loko o ka Manor ua kii akua la ua i Kozlov ka fairytale moe. He o Hoamakeikekula maloko o ka kaʻume o ka pīhoihoi moʻolelo o ka auwana ola, e like me ka nani, a me ka aoao maoli ka nani o Asia. A laila, ua paa ka manao iho la o Petero i la oia e ke hoa Przewalski. Akā, mua ia i nele i ke kiʻi i ka piha haumāna hoʻonaʻauao.

Ma Ianuali 1883 Kozlov Petr Kuzmich hala ka hōʻike no ka piha papa no nā haumāna kula. A laila ka mea, he e hele ma kaua hana. Ka mea i Nikolai Mikhailovich i kekahi hapa o kona huakaʻi pae, wale ka poe i hoʻonaʻauao 'ana i ka oihana koa. Ma ia mea, he mau Pahuhopu kumu, pookela mawaena o lakou - e pono e repel i ka mākaukau i ke kaua hoouka ana o na kamaaina. E hookauwa ana'ku na malama ekolu ma hope, Peter Kuzmich i hoʻolālā i loko o ka ha o ka huakaʻi Przewalski. Kēia hanana o ka meʻe o ko mākou hōʻike, e hoomanao i ka wā e ola ana.

mua huakaʻi

Kozlov ka mua huakaʻi i loko o ka huakaʻi Przewalski i wahi i ka 1883. Kona manaʻo,ʻo ia, e makaikai i ka North East Turkestan, a Tibet. Kēia huakaʻi ua no Kozlov kupaianaha hana. Ma lalo o ke alakaʻi o ka hoao ana i ka mentor, aʻo ia ke kila ia iho a hiki i kēia noiʻi. Tom ka pilina i ka nui maoli o Central Asia a me ke kaua ana i ka heluna hapauuku i oi i ka na kamaaina. Ka huakaʻi mua ua no ka novice hele, hoʻowahāwahā nā mea a pau i kona ohohia, loa kaumaha. Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe humidity noiʻi i ka hapanui o ka manawa e iloko o ke kuaua kapa. Mea kaua amenable i ka popopo, ka i pili koke noho pulu a me nā mea kanu i ohi ia no ka herbarium, ka mea, ua aneane hiki ole i ka maloʻo.

Ma ia ana, Peter Kuzmich aʻo e pana i ka pilikia makapō'āina, ho oholo i ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka, loa importantly, ka noiʻi kilo o ke ano, i komo ai i ka loaʻa o kona papa kuhikuhiE hiʻona. Eia hou kekahi, a huiʻo ia me ka hoʻolālā o expeditionary kai eʻe ma ka noho lakou malaila aniau. E like me ka hele, me ka study o Central Asia lilo no ia i alakaʻi malamalama, a hoʻoholo i ka pau papa o hope ola.

Ohana

A hoʻi hou i ka hale ma hope o ka 2-makahiki huakaʻi, Kozlov Petr Kuzmich hoomau iho la oia i ka hoʻomōhala hoʻomaka koke i loko o ka i koho ao ao. He hoʻokāʻoi ko lākou akamai i loko o ka mahinaʻai o maoli 'epekema, ethnography a me ka kilohōkū. Kokoke ma mua o ka hoʻouna 'o ia huakaʻi, Ua i Peter Kuzmich i luna, puka mai St. Petersburg Koa Kula.

Ka lua o ka huakaʻi

Ma ka haule ana o ka 1888, hele aku Kozlov i kona lua o ka hele ana ma lalo o ke alakaʻi o ka Przewalski. Akā, ma ka hoʻomaka o ka huakaʻi, ma Karakol Mountain, kokoke Lake Issyk-Kul, ka nuiʻImi Loa NMPrzhevalsky lilo loa ka maʻi, a make koke mahope. E like me ka mea noi ka make ana o ka mea hele, ua kanuʻiaʻo ia ma luna o ke kahakai o Lake Issyk-Kul.

Ka huakaʻi i laila, i loko o ka Akuma ka ana o kela makahiki. Ua kohoia o kona poo Colonel M. V. Pevtsova. Hope hanohano i kauoha, a aole nae ia i ike ia e puku i Przewalski ia i hiki ole loa. Ma keia manao, ka mea i hooholoia, e hoʻopōkole 'i ke ala, i hoopaaia i ka study o Chinese Turkestan, Dzungaria a me ka'ākau hapa o ka Kipeka Plateau. I loko nō o ka mea i ka huakaʻi huli curtailed, ka i komo e hoʻokele e ohi i voluminous mōʻaukala a me ka Leeuwerikplein mea, he mau kaʻana like 'ana o ka ai no Petru Kozlovu, uaʻano nui hana i loko o ke ao o East Turkestan.

Ke kolu o ka huakaʻi

I kekahi huakaʻi Kozlov i wahi i ka 1893. I keia manawa, i ka noiʻi kai eʻe i kuhikuhi V. I. Roborovsky lawe mai koke i ka hana o ka papa kiʻekiʻe hoalawehana na Przewalski. Ka Pahuhopu o keia holo ana i ka makaikai i ka akau-hikina kihi o Tibet a me ka lapa Nan Betesana mai. Ma keia holo, Peter Kuzmich i kū kaʻawale ana i nā nā wahi. I kekahi manawa ka mea, he e hele wale mai a hiki i 1000 kilomika. I ka Ia manawa, ua ohi kaʻana like 'ana i ka liona ka o ka aeaaiono? Hoiliili ole o ka huakaʻi. A lohe o V. I. Roborovsky ma waenakonu hoomaka e ohumu o ke ola, Kozlov Ua aoia mai no ia, e alakai i ka huakaʻi. He ana Makuakane me ka hana, a lawe mai i ka hihia a hiki i ka hopena. Hoi aku i ka hale, i ke kanaka noiʻi a hooku iho la i ka palapala hoike, i ua me ke kuleana me "ke hoike hope luna o ka huakaʻi P. K. Kozlova."

First kuokoa huakaʻi

I ka 1899, i ka hele i kona Debut i loko o ke kūlana o ke poo o ka huakaʻi. Ke AIM o na komo, he kama'āina me Mongolia a me Tibet. Ka hele ana i 18 kanaka hele, o ka mea wale 4 noiʻi, nā mea a pau i ke koena - ka convoy. Ke ala hele hoomaka ma ka Hawaiian-Holland ia hoonoho ai i kahi kokoke i ka Mongolian palena ia. A laila, holo aku la ia ma ka Mongolian Hawaiian, Central Gobi a Kama -ʻaneʻane unexplored mau hikinaʻaoʻao o ka Kipeka Plateau.

Ma noiʻi i loko o ka luna ino i o ka Yellow River, ka Mekong a me ka Yangtze-Jiang, huakaʻi lālā Ua pinepine ae la oiaʻalo me maoli nā pilikia a me ka aggression kamaaina. Aka hoi, ka mea e hoʻokele e ohi i hanana Mapa, 'ā ina, climatic, aeaaiono? A Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau mea. Malihini i hookahe malamalama ma ka ola o ka mea uuku-ike hikina Kipeka ohana.

Mongolia Russian kanaka noiʻi nana i alakai i ka huakaʻi, kino i ka piha ano o ka likeʻole maoli mea, a me e moe ana ma ka kiʻekiʻena o 3200 mika, a mai ke anapuni o ka 385 kilomika o Qinghai Lake; headwater Yalong River, a me ka Mekong, me pono me ka paʻa o nā kualono Kunlun nenoai i ka poe mua i ike ole i ka 'epekema. Eia hou kekahi, Kozlov i maikaʻi loa (essay) o ke ola ana o ka heluna kanaka, a me ka hoʻokele waiwai 'ana o Central Asia. Iwaena o lakou e ku mai i ka hōʻike o nā rituals Tsaidam Mongols.

Mai ka Mongolian-Kipeka huakaʻi Kozlov lawe nui ohi ana o flora a me? Aaoa o ka hoʻokolokolo wahi. Iloko o ka huakaʻi,ʻaʻoleʻo ia i ka pololei i ka hana me ka mākaukau nā pūʻulu o kaiakū kanaka, nona ka helu 300 kanaka hiki. Aie i ka mea i ke kai eʻe uaʻaneʻane mau makahiki, a hiki i St. Petersburg i lohe i kona piha 'ole a me ka make. Akā, i kēia hiki ole ole Kozlov Petr Kuzmich. Book "Mongolia a me pahupaʻikiʻi" a me "pahupaʻikiʻi a me ke ala hoʻi," i ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka au mamuli keia hele ana. No ka mea, he hoʻomāhuahua ai huakaʻi Kozlov loaa i kekahi mekala gula no ka Lūkini Kuʻe Huli Society. No laila, Big Game la e kokua mai kekahi huali ia.

Mongol-Sichuan huakaʻi

I ka 1907, he honorary lâlâ o ka Lūkini Kuʻe Huli Society, hele aku la i kona mau lima ia o ka huakaʻi. Kēia manawa ke ala holo mai Kyakhta a hiki i Ulan Bator, alaila, o ka waena a me ka hema wahi o Mongolia, Kukunor wahi, a, ma hope, a hiki i ka Koro o Sichuan. Most nui i hoʻoholo 'ia i ka loaʻa i loko o ka wao nahele Gobi koena o ke kulanakauhale make o Hara-Hoto, i i uhiʻia i ke one. Iloko o ka loaʻa i ka hanaʻeliʻana o ke kūlanakauhale i loko o ka hale waihona puke o ka elua tausani puke, ka liona o ka puu o ka i ua kākau i loko o ka moku'āina Si Xia, ka mea ma hope huli mai e ia i ka Tangut'ōlelo. Kēia Kaka ua loaʻa kekahi, no ka mea,ʻaʻohe'ē aʻe e neeaaia i loko o ke ao nei ia ia he nui ohi o ka puke tungutskih. pāʻani loaa mai Hara-Hoto nui mōʻaukala a me ka moʻomeheu kūlana he, like graphically eh ÷ ike ai kekahi, ao ke ano o ke ola a me ka moʻomeheu o ka moku'āina kahiko o Xi Xia.

Nā lālā o ka huakaʻi houluulu nui yoiia? Mea ana o ka Mongolian a me ka Kipeka kanaka. uku mau noonoo ka mea, i ka Pākē kahiko a me ka Buddhist cult. A me he wahi lihi iki o aeaaiono? A Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau mea i ohi ia. Special Kaka noiʻi nei i ka ohi ana o woodcuts no ka pai buke a me nā kiʻi, a i ua hoʻohana no kenekulia mua o ka pai mua maʻEulopa.

Eia hou kekahi, Hara-Hoto loaʻa i loko o ke ao nei ka wale ohi o ka pepa banknotes XIII-XIV kenekulia. No hoi excavated Hara-Hoto lawe mai i kekahi lihi iki o me ka dukima figurines, cult kiʻi a me nā haneri o Buddhist nā kiʻi ma luna o silika, wahie, pepa a me ka lole. A pau o keia la ma ka Academy o Sciences iau, a me ka Emperor Alexander III.

Ma hope o ka loaʻaʻana, a akahele ninaninau o ke kulanakauhale make, halawai mai la me huakaʻi lālā me ka Qinghai Lake, a laila, he uuku-ike wahi o Amdo, e waiho i loko o ka hoʻohei o ka Yellow muliwai.

Mai kēia huakaʻi, i hookahi manawa hou i lawe LūkiniʻImi Loa o Mongolia i ka waiwai ohi o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona, mawaena o ka poe hou? Ueony, a hiki genera. I ka hopena o ka huakaʻi wehewehe i ke nä känaka 'epekema i loko o kona puke "Mongolia, a Amdo a me ka make kulanakauhale o Hara-Hoto", paʻi wale i ka 1923.

hoola maluhia

I ka 1910, ua hookoia kaʻImi Loa he nui ke gula mekala o ka Pelekania, a me ka Italia Kuʻe Huli Society. A lohe o Rusia i komo i loko o ke Kaua Honua I, Colonel Kozlov i hoike i ka makemake e hui i ka poʻe kaua o ka poe koa. He hoole, a ua hoounaia mai ia Irkutsk Luna huakaʻi kaua, i ka loaʻa o nā holoholona no ka poe koa.

Ma ka hopena o ka OkatobaʻOiʻenehana, ma ka hope o 1917, Mongolia kanaka noiʻi, Kina a me Tibet, a ma ia manawa ua mua he Major General, ka luna koa i loko o Askania Nova Tauride panalaau. Ke kumu o ka huakaʻi - ka hookamaia o ana no ka hoomalu ana i ka hoomaluia wahi o ka hehi a me Gdańsk Zoo. Loa lakou e minamina ole ikehu, ke nä känaka 'epekema i hana na mea a pau i hiki e hoʻopale ai i ka hanana maoli kia. Ma October 1918, ua hōʻike akula i ke Kuhina o Hoonaauao i ka Askania Nova, a mālama i kona aina waiwai koe kōna. No ka hou hoomalu ana o ka caiiaaaieea no, ninau mai la ia ia e hoololiia a hiki i ka Academy o Sciences o Ukraine, a haawi aku i ka manawa e loaa 15-20 nāʻaʻa. Ma keia hihia, Kozlov i noi ma lalo o kona kuleana pilikino 20 pūlaipela, apoʻili, a me revolvers, e like me ka mea i koi 'helu o nā papahu no ia. I ka pau ana o 1918, ma ka pakahi aku la ia paakiki wā o ke Kanawai War, mahalo no ka hoʻoikaikaʻana o Major-General Kozlov, aneane 500 kanaka a pau e hana ana i loko o ke koena.

Ka hou huakaʻi

I ka 1922, i ka Soviet alakaʻi manao e hoonohonoho i ka huakaʻi i Central Asia, kahi i'ōleloʻia aiʻo ia i ke poo o ka 60-makahiki-kahiko Kozlov Petr Kuzmich. Kanaka hele i ka Wahine - ornithologist Elizaveta mua kane i ka poʻe i loko o ka huakaʻi. I loko nō kona mau makahiki, ua piha o ka ikaika a me ka pīhoihoi o ka hele. I loko nō o kona ono o ka hele ana, a mau ae la ia mai ka 1923 a hiki i 1926, i ka noiʻi hookolokolo aku la ia i kekahi kŘpa a hapa uuku wale no o ka'ākau Mongolia, a me ka hoaka o kīʻaha o ka muliwai Selenga.

Once hou, i ka hele i loaa nuiʻepekema hopena. Ma ka Noin-Ula nenoaiu, oia loaʻa he uuku oi ma mua o 200 cemeteries, a hoʻolilo lākouʻeliʻana. E like me ka mea huli mai, ka mea, ua he Hun kanu 2,000 makahiki aku nei. Kēia hulikoehana Kaka ua lilo kekahi o ka mea nui loa o ka iwakalua kenekulia. Nä känaka 'epekema pu me kona mau nā hoapili loaʻa i ka hailona no na mea o ka moʻomeheu kahiko, ma i oe ke kiʻi i ka hulina kiʻi o ka hoʻokele waiwai a me ke ola ana o ka Huns i loko o ke au. II kenekulia BC. e ka. - I N c. e ka. Mawaena o lakou i ka nui ohi o ka noʻeau hana o ka hooponopono ana a me fabrics Greco-Bactrian aupuni, i nei, mai ka III kenekulia BC. e ka. ma II kenekulia AD. e ka. ma ka akau o keia-lā Iran, Afghanistan a me ka akau-komohana India.

Ma luna o ka mauna Ikhe-Bodo, Aia i loko o ka Mongolian Hawaiian, ma ka kiʻekiʻena o 3000 mika, huakaʻi loaaʻi he kahiko Khan Ilina o.

Naʻe, i ka loa nui loaʻa o ka ono o ka huakaʻi Kozlov i ka loaʻa i loko o nā mauna o ka hikina Khangai luakupapau 13 hanauna o nā mamo a Genghis Khan. He lilo ka mua 'EulopaʻImi Loa ka poe i lawe i ka haku o Tibet. Kozlov loaʻa mai iā ia i ka kūikawā palapala, a ua pono, e paka pōhaku kiai i malama i ka hoʻokokoke mai i ka Kipeka kapikala o Lhasa. Naʻe, i ka Beritania hooki i ka anal o Lūkiniʻepekema ma Lhasa. Member o ka Great Game, Pyotr Kozlov, a i ole kiʻi i loko o kēia kūlanakauhale. ma ke ono o ka hoike ana o ka huakaʻi,ʻo ia paʻi i ka puke "Holoʻana i Mongolia. 1923-1926 "

hou hana

I he kanahiku makahiki Kozlov Petr Kuzmich, i ka puka o ka i ua lilo increasingly ike, i ole haʻalele i ka moe o ka lōʻihi hele ana. I ka pau, āna i manaʻo ai e hele i Lake Issyk-Kul, ma ka mea ana i hookahi manawa hou hoomana i ka lua kupapaʻu o kona haku, a loaa i ka kūloko nani. Akā, eono noiʻi ua i ka huakaʻi hope. hoi aku la oia ma hope, ua ola ia i ka noho malie ke ola i loko o Leningrad a me Kiev. Naʻe, ka hapanui o ka manawa hoolilo ia me kana wahine, ma ka liʻiliʻi log ka hale i loko o ke kauhale Strečno (50 ei mai Staraya Russa).

Ma kahi noho hele, oia koke lilo mahalo i waena opiopio hoalauna. E waiho i ka 'ike hou kanaka i kā lākou ka ho'āʻoʻana, ka noiʻi i hoʻonohonoho' ia koʻikoʻi a hanohano o ka opiopio naturalists, hele a puni ka aina, e haawi haʻi'ōlelo, paʻi i kana mau palapala a me nā moʻolelo. Ke scientific ao nei i ike i Kozlov Petr Kuzmich. Opening ma Eurasia i haawi ia iaia ma kekahi koʻikoʻi a hanohano. I ka 1928, i ka Ukrainian Academy o Sciences koho ia ia i ka piha lālā. A Lūkini Kuʻe Huli Society i hookoia aku la ia ia i ka mekala o N. M. Przhevalskogo. Mawaena o na explorers o Central Asia o ka XX kenekulia Lūkini nä känaka 'epekema i ke kupaianaha wahi.

Kozlov Petr Kuzmich make September 26, makahiki 1935 mamuli mai cardiac sclerosis. He Ua kanuʻiaʻo ia ma ka Smolensk Lutheran ilina.

waiwai

I hanohano Kozlov i kapaʻia me ka hauneneʻe Ridge Tabyn-Bogda Ola. I ka 1936, i ka hanohano o ka 100th lā hoʻomanaʻo o ka hanau ana o ka hele ka inoa i haawiia mai Dukhovshchina kula kula nui kahiʻepekema e hoomaka ana e ike i ke ao nei. I ka 1988, ma St. Petersburg keʻena i weheia Museum hele.

Kozlov Petr Kuzmich, he pōkole Kawaihae a hiki i ka hopena,ʻaʻole wale i noho ai i loko o ke au o ka nui discoveries, akā, i hana ia i loko o kanaka. He pau i ka hoʻokumu pū Przheval'skiy hoʻopau "keʻokeʻo kahi lilelile i" ma ka palapala 'āina o Asia o. Akā, ma ka hoʻomaka Kozlov, ka mea a pau ao ua ku e ia ia.