Na ke hoʻohana rula o ka Geiger ee a kēia dosimeters

Invented i ka makahiki 1908 ma ka German physicist Hans Vilgelmom Geygerom manaʻo mea hiki e hooholo i ka ionizing pāhawewe ua hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia i loko o kā mākou mau lā. Ke kumu no keia o ka mea kiʻekiʻe pā lonoaʻili o ka mea, kona akamai, e huai ae i keʻano o ka pāhawewe. Noho nanea oe o ka pono a me ka haahaa o na lilo e ka mea e hiki ai e kuai i kekahi Geiger loan i kekahi mea makemake e kū kaʻawale ana i ka pāhawewe pae i kekahi manawa, a ma kekahi wahi. He aha ka manaʻo i kēia, a pehea ia hana?

Na ke hoʻohana rula o ka Geiger loan

By manao, he Geiger ee mea he mea. Ua hoailonaia ipu me nā nā uila aʻa lolo EII ni kinoea hui oia hoi o ka Neon a me ka argon, a ua hoopuni ionized. Ua lako i na nā uila aʻa lolo kiʻekiʻe anakahi uila (ma kahi o 400 V), i loko wale nei i kekahi hookuuiaʻike manaʻo ke kumu, a hiki i ka loa manawa, i ka wa o ka gaseous meakino i loko o ka mea 'aʻole i hoʻomaka i ka ionization kaʻina. Ka muli i hele mai, mai ka palena mai o na (particles)ʻo ia ka mea i ka iniiaiie electrons, hōʻeleu i loko o ke kula kūpono, hoʻomaka e ionize'ē aʻe nā lātoma o ka gaseous meakino. E like me ka hopena, ma lalo o ka aoao o ka uila ke kahua kumu ka avalanche o electrons a me ka hana ana o ka hou Ion a ikaika hoʻonui i ka conductivity o ka ion-huina'ine ao. Ke gaseous meakino Geiger hookuuia ia lŘlŘ. Ka helu o nā lāʻau ikiʻai wale e hana ana i loko o kekahi manawa wā mawaena pololei hapaʻauhau i ka nui o ka hoʻopaʻa (particles). Oia kekahi mau rula o ka Geiger loan.

Ka mea nana e hoole kaʻina, ma i ka gaseous meakino au hoi mai i ka palapala moku'āina mākaukau kaua paha ma wale. Ma lalo o ka hana o ka halogen (IeAUPIIe, IAa IO chlorine ole bromine) i loko o ka meakino ia lŘlŘ, pili recombination o ka hewa ana i hoopiia. Kēia kaʻina He nui ke kua'āina, a no ia mea, i ka manawa koi 'ia e hoihoi mai i ka pā lonoaʻili o Geiger eea, - he mea nui ano o ka mea nameplate.

I loko nō o ka mea i na hana o ka Geiger loan rula o loa mea, ia mea hiki ke pane i ka ionizing pāhawewe o ke ākeaʻano o? Ueo. Ua α-, β-, γ-, e like me X-Ray, neutron a me ultraviolet pāhawewe. A pau hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka mea i manao ai. Penei, he komo window o ka Geiger eea, hiki o kaʻimiʻana pahee α- a me ka β-pāhawewe ua i mai o Mika. Mānoanoa o 3 i 10 microns. No ka mea ka loaʻaʻana o ka X-kukuna ka mea, ua i mai o beryllium, a me ka ultraviolet - pōaka.

Where mea hoʻohana he Geiger loan

Na ke hoʻohana rula o ka Geiger ee o ke kumu loa laekahi dosimeters o. Mau manao maalea liʻiliʻi me he kŘpa a haʻahaʻa lilo, i keʻano kiʻekiʻe pā lonoaʻili, a ua hiki i ka hōʻike 'ana i nā hualoaʻa ma ka kanaka-readable e kaha huahelu. Noho nanea oe o ka hoʻohana leie aku oe e hana i kēia mau manaʻo,ʻo ia mau mea me ka loa ke kaawale ana manaʻo o ka dosimetry.

Ma hua'ōlelo o nā hiʻona a me ka pololei o ke ana dosimeters i ka 'oihana a me ka consumer. Me ke kōkua o ia 'oe hiki koke a me ka pono e hooholo mea i loaʻa i loko o hamama wahi, a ma loko o na hale i ke kumu o ionizing pāhawewe.

e hoʻohana 'ia kēia mau manao maalea ma ka hana rula o ka Geiger eea, hiki manaʻoi hoʻokoe' waiho i kekahi pilikia peʻahi elua ma ka mea o ka pilikia makapō a me nā leo 'ole kamakawiwo ole lepa. No laila, e hiki mau kikoo i ka ai, ka lole, nana i ka lako, nā mīkini home, hale lako a no laila, ma luna o. D. No ka wa e kaawale aku o nā palapala i kanaka kino pāhawewe.