Nukelea kaula naoh. Nā kūlana o ka nukelea kaula naoh

I ka kumumanaʻo o ka relativity mai nei i ka nuipa a - mea he kūikawā 'ano o ka ikehu. Mai keia ka mea, penei i ia mea hiki ke hoʻolilo i ka nuipa i ka ikehu a me ka ikehu i ka nuipa a. Ma intraatomic ilikai, ua reactions lawe wahi. I ka pau, kekahi o ka ahakanaka o ka'ātoma nucleus e pono huli i loko o ka ikehu. Kēia ka hana i loko o kekahi mau aoao. Mua, o ka Kora naʻEsau i uhai mai i ka helu o ka liʻiliʻi nuclei, ua kapaʻia kēia naoh "ka'opi". Ka lua, uukuʻanoʻano,ʻaʻole hiki wawe ka hoʻohui e kiʻi nui - kēia hoʻololi kemikala naoh. Ma ka ke ao holoʻokoʻa, ua reactions i ole uncommon. Lawa ia i ka olelo i ke kuʻi nukeliu naoh - he kumu o ka ikaika no na hoku. Akā, i ka naoh o ka palaho hoʻohana ma känaka i nukelea reactors, e like me ka kanaka i aʻoʻia, e kū mau luna 'keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Akā, aha mea he nukelea kaula naoh? Pehea e kahu ai ia?

He aha ka hana i loko o ka nucleus o ka'Ātoma

Nukelea kaula naoh - he kaʻina holo ana ma hookui hookahe koko ana o ke kula haʻahaʻaa (particles) a me nuclei me nā nuclei. No ke aha la mea he "kaulahao"? Kēia 'ia paha o sequential hookahi nukelea reactions. E like me ka hopena o kēia kaʻina hana, aia mea he loli o quantum moku'āina nucleon a me ka haku mele 'ana i loko o ka Kernel, hōʻike a hiki hou (particles) - nā huahana o ka naoh. Nukelea kaula naoh, na ke kālaikūlohea o i leie aku oe, e makaikai i na maomeka o AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o na nuclei me na nuclei a me (particles) - ka iniiaiie iaoia no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o hou oihana mua a me isotopes. I mea e maopopo i ke kaula naoh, ua pono mua e hana i ka mea hoʻokahi.

He aha ka mea i pono ai no ka naoh

I mea e hoʻokō i ka kaʻina hana, e like me ka mea nukelea kaula naoh, ia mea pono, e lawe pu i ka (particles) (kāna mau 'ōlelo a me ka nucleon nā Kora naʻEsau) i ka mamao o ke kahahńnai o ka ikaika AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN (ka hola kekahi Fermi). Inā ka mamao e nui, ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o ka papa (particles) mea hoʻokahi wale nō Coulomb. Ma ka nukelea naoh, ma kaʻaeʻana a me nā mea a pau i nā kānāwai: mālama o ka ikehu, i ka manawa o ka momentum, baryon kauoha. Nukelea kaula naoh ua denoted ma nā hōʻailona like kekahi, e, he, d. Hōʻailona he Kû ka hoʻomaka Kora naʻEsau, e - i ka hana 'huna, a me - he hou kinoea (particles), a me ka b Kû ka resultant Kora naʻEsau.

ikaika o ka naoh

Ke kaula nukelea naoh hiki ke lawe wahi me nā ke omo a me ka kala o ka ikehu, i mea like me ka nui koena unuhi o (particles) ma hope o ka naoh, a ma mua ia. Na ke kemu ikehu e hoʻoholo i ka kinetic ikehu palena iki o ke hookui, he ai-i kapaia paepae nukelea naoh i loko i ka mea hiki ke kahe ka uku ole ia. Kēia paepae hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka (particles) e komo 'ana i loko o ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN, a ma kā lākou mau' ano. Ma ka loiloi mua ke kahua, a pau (particles) i loko o ka hoʻoholo ma mua quantum moku'āina.

reacting

I ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka Papa (particles) e bombard ka nucleus o ka huna accelerator, e leie aku kaola o protons, kaumaha Ion a me ka malamalama nuclei. Ae hoolohi neutrons hua mai la ma o ka hoʻohana 'ana o nukelea reactors. No ka haka pono maila o ka hana 'ia (particles) hiki ke hoʻohana' acee? Iuo oeiia o nukelea reactions - nā ka hoʻololi kemikala a me ka palaho. Ka pahiki o ia hilinaʻi nui ma luna o nā mea kiko'î o na (particles) e collide. Mai keia pahiki ua pili ia i ke ano, i ke kea pauku o ka naoh - i ka waiwai o ka mea mana wahi a characterizes ka kāna mau 'ōlelo me ka pale no ka hana' ia (particles), a i mea he ana o ka pahiki o (particles) komo i ka nucleus a me ka launa pū '. Inā ka naoh ua hele (particles) me ka nonzero milo lākou waiwai, i ka pauku mea pololei kalele iho ma luna o lākou kohoʻia. Mai ka hope o ka mea e hoʻopā ai (particles) e i aʻo i kaʻoihana loa randomly, a oi a emi pololei oe ano, na corpuscles a pau i polarized. Laupaʻi characterization o ka milo-aʻo i kaʻoihana wehewehe i ka polarization maʻi lele.

Ka naohʻano papa hana

He aha mea he nukelea kaula naoh? E like me ua oleloia, ia mea he kaʻina o simpler reactions. Details o ka hana 'huna a me kona AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN me ka kāna mau' ōlelo e kalele iho ma luna o ka nuipa a, ka uku ole, he kinetic ikehu. AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN hoʻoholo ma ke degere o ke ku okoa ana o na nuclei, i mea e inu nei ka wā o ka hookui hookahe koko ana. Ho onui ana mana hoʻomalu ma luna a pau kēia mau maomeka e leie aku no ke kaʻina hana e like me kekahi lāʻau 'nukelea kaula naoh.

pololei reactions

Inā he papa mai huna i Hits ka pale nucleus, e hoopa aku ia, mea nō e pono ai ka lōʻihi like 'ole o ka hookui hookahe koko ana, e lanakila i ka nukelea ke kahahńnai o ka mamao. Kēia nukelea naoh ua kapaia pololei. A e like me ka ano no a pau reactions o kēia 'ano o ka hoʻomaka o ka uuku o ka degere o ke ku okoa ana. Ma kēia kaʻina hana, ma hope o ka mua hookui hookahe koko ana huna i nō lawa ikehu e lanakila i ka nukelea attraction. No kekahi laʻana, na hana kūleʻa, e like me ka mea inelastic neutron hoopuehu, e kauoha aku e kuai, a he pololei lakou. I ka makana o ia keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o ke ano i kapaia "huina keʻa pauku" he poino. Naʻe, i ka huina hoonui o ka makana laina hele nukelea naoh e hooholo i ka pahiki o ea puka o ka huina o ka mea nana i ulana kuhikuhi, quantum helu selectivity hoolahaia'ku [na kanaka Hawaii, a, e hooholo i ko lakou 'ole.

mālama '-equilibrium ea puka

Inā ka huna aole e haʻalele i ke kahua o nukelea alu like 'ana ma hope o ka hookui mua, ka mea e e komo i loko o ka cascade o ka mea i hahai ana ka mea mamuli o kekahi hookui hookahe koko ana. He mea nae e like mea ua kapaia ka nukelea kaula naoh. E like me ka hopena, e like me ke kahua o ka ikehu kinetic o na (particles) e haawi i waena o ka ke keʻena māhele o ka Kernel. Ka loa hookahi moku'āina o ka nucleus, e ke kiʻekiʻe o lilo nui aku huikau. I loko o kēia kaʻina hana ma kekahi nucleon 'ole a pau huhui waina a lākou (pae o nucleons) ikehu hiki ke hoʻomōhala, ka mea, ua lawa ia no ka ea puka o ka nucleon mai ka nucleus. E möakäka hou hoʻomaha, e 'ai pono i loko o ke ana helu equilibrium a me ke kahua o ka hui nucleus.

kaulahao reactions

He aha mea he nukelea kaula naoh? Kēia kaʻina o kona constituent wahi. Ie mau Kime Poʻokela hookahi nukelea reactions, kena ae la ia e kaki (particles) hou me naoh huahana ma ka mua me ke kapuai hookahi. He aha ka mea i kapaia he nukelea kaula naoh? No ka laʻana, fission o ka mea kaumaha nuclei, ka wā mau fission hanana nāna i hāpai i loaa mai ma ka mua nāwaliwali aʻela neutrons.

Hiʻona o ka nukelea kaula naoh

I waena o nā mea a pau i ka Nine Inch reactions ka mea, loaa akea hoi o ka makana kaula. (Particles) me ka ua hanaʻole pili 'o Randy e hooko i ke kūlana o ka noa radicals a me nā'ātoma. Ma kēia kaʻina hana, e like me ka mea nukelea kaula naoh, i keʻano papa hana o kona papa i neutrons a i ka Coulomb ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai, a ka naita i ka nucleus ma luna o omo. Inā ka meakino i Konakele. E pono huna, ka mea e hookomo ana i ka kaulahao a mahope loli ', a e hoʻomau i ka kaulahao scission aie i ka lilo o ka lawe (particles).

No ke aha la nalowale lawe

Aia he mau wale nō kumu no ka lilo ana o ka lawe (particles) ana kaula reactions. Ka mua o ke omo o ka (particles) me ka haumāna ea puka kaʻina. Ka lua - e waiho ana i ka (particles) i loko o ka laulā o ka waiwai e kākoʻo i ke kaula kaʻina.

Mau 'ano o ke kaʻina

Inā ka pa alima ua hanau wale nō ke huna lawe i loko o kēlā au kaula naoh, a laila, i kēia kaʻina hiki ke kapaia unbranched. Ua hiki ole e alakai i ka kala o ka ikaika ma luna o ka unahiʻole, i nui. Inā he mea nui lawe (particles), ka mea, ua kapaia ka manamana ai naoh. He aha mea he nukelea kaula naoh me ka ai manamana ai? Kekahi loaa i loko o ka mua e o kiʻekiʻe (particles) e hoʻomau hoʻomaka mua o ka kaula, akā, na kekahi, e hana hou reactions mea e kekahi lālā mai. Me keia kaʻina hana e e hoʻokūkū ana keʻano o ka hanaʻana alakai e haki. Na kūpono kulana home 'ole, e haawi ala i kekahi pilikia, a marginal kŰia. No ka laʻana, ina o ka ka hoʻomauʻana o ka oi ma mua o hoʻokahi wale nō hou nā kaula hao, me ka naoh pakiko-kākoʻo mea hiki ole. Oia hoi, ina e inu ia artificially i hoʻolaunaʻia ma loko o ka meakino i makemake helu o (particles), i ke kaʻina hana e nō mae ma manawa (IeAUPIIe, IAa IOʻano koke). Inā i ka helu o ka hou nā kaula hao e oi aku i ka helu ana o, mai hemo mai, ke kaula naoh, e hoʻomaka e hohola iho la mawaena o ka mea.

noho pilikia moku'āina

A pilikia māhele'āina hoʻokaʻawaleʻia ua kulana Hawaii o ka mea holomua ka hoʻoponopono-sustaining kaula naoh, a me ka aina ma keia naoh mea,ʻaʻole e hiki i nā mea a pau. Kēia aiao Ua wehewehe aku e like ma waena o ka helu o ka hou i puhi ai, a me ka helu o ka hiki mai hemo mai. E like me ke alo o ka huna-noa lawe noho pilikia ana o ka papa kuhikuhiE aia i loko o ka papa inoa me "rula o ka nukelea kaula naoh." E piʻi like ana o keia kulana hiki ke nānā 'ana i ka helu ana i hiki aʻe. Ka mahele ana i kaumaha hehee ai nucleus ua malia ma kekahi wale neutron. E like me ka hopena o kēia kaʻina hana, me he kaula naoh o nukelea fission, eia hou neutrons. Nolaila, i kēia kaʻina hana e waiwai ai manamana naoh kahi e hana nā moku halihali mokulele a me neutrons. Ma ka hihia ma ka uku o ka neutron ka hopuʻia me ke ku e ole ia e haʻalele iho (poho ana) e e compensated māmā nā'ōlelo lawe (particles), ke kaula naoh, e hoomau aku i kekahi wahi 'ano paha i loko. Kēia helu kaulike ho'ākāka ka multiplication ololi. Ina ka mea, ua like no ke kuʻikahi, ma luna. Ma nukelea mana no i ka hoike o ka io i kou manaʻo ma waena o ka uku o ka ikehu kalaʻana aku, a me ka multiplication ololi hiki ke hoʻomaopopo hooponopono o nukelea reactions. Inā keia lākiō, ua oi aku ma mua o kekahi, alaila, i ka naoh e hoʻomōhala exponentially. Kipi kaula naoh hoʻohana ma nukelea mea kaua.

Nukelea kaula naoh i loko o ka ikehu kaiaulu

Ke reactivity o ka mīkini'ātoma me ka nānā 'ana i ka helu nui o keʻano o ka hanaʻana i lawe wahi i loko o konaʻeleu ciia. A pau kēia mau ololi i paa ma ka ai-i kapaia kaʻi lau waiwai o ka reactivity. Ole o ka mahana loli o ka graphite ua mau laau la, coolants a uranium reactivity o ka mīkini'ātoma, a me ka nui o ka percolation kaʻina hana e like me ka nukelea kaula naoh, wehewehe aku ma ka mahana kaʻi lau waiwai (no ka coolant, uranium, ma graphite). Aia Ua hoi he kaukaʻi o nā 'ano o ka mana, e like me barometric nā hoailona o ka mahu kiko'î. E malama i ka nukelea naoh i loko o ka mīkini'ātoma pono hoʻololi 'ana i kekahi hehee ai i loko o kekahi. No keia mea, e pono ke lawe i ka mooolelo o ka kahe kūlana o ka nukelea kaula naoh - ke alo aku o ka waiwai i mea hiki ke puunaue, a līkaia no ia lakou iho, mai ka hoʻopöʻino 'ia o ka helu o ke kula haʻahaʻaa (particles) a, me ke no, e i ke koena o ka mahele Kora naʻEsau. E like me ia i ka waiwai a ua pinepine hoʻohana uranium-238, uranium-235, plutonium-239. Iloko o ka hooholo ana o ka nukelea kaula naoh isotopes o kēia mau kumu, e disintegrate, a hana i elua a oi'ē aʻe Nine Inch waiwai. Ma keia kaʻina, ka mea, ua kinoea ai-kapaia "gamma" -rays, he mālama nui ikehu hookuu, e hana elua a ekolu neutrons hiki ia oe hana e hoʻomau i ka naoh. Maopopo ma waena o ka lohi a me ka hoʻokēʻai neutrons, no ka mea, ma ka mea e'Ātoma ka nucleus disintegrated, mau (particles) e lele i ka kekahi māmā.