Nukelea pōkā pahū - kekahi o nā hōʻailona o ka 'epekema holomua?

Makahiki 1945 i kaha ole wale i ka lanakila o ka Allies i loko o ka Apana o ke Kaua Honua ma Nazi Germany a me kona allies, akā, kekahi i kekahi momentous kekahi hanana. Mau Japanese kulanakauhale i luku pono mau hopeʻia, hoʻokahi no kēlā me kēia. Kanaka i komo i ke au hou. Ua hoomaka ka nukelea makahiki.

A nukelea pōkā pahū me ka he kūoʻo inoa "Little Boy" ua ka mua kauoha hanaia ma physicists, hiki ana o na la nui-unahiʻole, i ka make ana o ka enemi no laila, ana pili i loko o ke kaua. Historic mokulele B-29, e lawe mai i kēia huakaʻi, ia mea e pono ai i loko o ka American Museum o maunakea a me Astronautics, ma ka anaiia duralumin papa i kona ua kākauʻia ka inoa o ka luna o ka moku makuwahine, Enola Māhū, e like keia hihia. August 6 ke kuʻina mua a me ka lua i na la ekolu, i ke kulanakauhale o Nagasaki i ua hana. no hoi i kēia nukelea pōkā pahū he kūoʻo inoa - "momona Man".

Ka pōkā pahū mua i hoonohoia nani na mea, "pūkuniahi" rula. A supercritical nuipa o ka uranium i hoonoho ia i loko o ke kumu o ka apana o ka mea kaua mai ka pu o ka moku o, a ma o ka breech o ka malama, e hana pono no ka muli o ke kaula naoh o kona sila. Nukelea pōkā pahū i ka lōʻihi o ka ekolu mika, he eha tona, a me ke kaupaonaʻana o ka hakakā 'āhewa' ana o ka uranium ua like ia 64 kilograms, o ka i reacted wale ma kahi o 700 nā huna. Ke koena o ke kaupaona ana o na lima ua weliweli mai la pahu apana, iwi, stabilizers, fuses a me nā kula kiʻekiʻe mea.

Low ka hoʻokōʻana, a ua make ia i ka mua nukelea pōkā pahū i ke kumu o ka kŘpa a uuku radiological mea hoʻohaumia o ka aina a me na mea uuku no keia ano o na mea o ka luku mana, ana ma na tausani o na tona o TNT pono i ka i ka mea poino. Ka "kao" ka mea, ua ma kahi o 15 000 nā kana. No ka nane hea - ka mea i kā mākou payload o ka ia "Superfortress" B-29, he 9 na tona. Eha a me ka hapalua makahiki o keia bomber makemake i e e kela la i keia sorties e i ka enemi e pili ana i ka luku.

Kanaka i mau imi iluna a aku, ho'āʻo ana e outdo iho, a oi loa aku hoi ma ke kula o ka mea no ka make ana o na mea a pau e noho ana. Ros TNT like paha, noi hou "pona" enehana a me nā ingenious pāʻoihana, e hoʻoikaika i ka lākiō o ka waiwai "pono keia mau mea" o'ātoma mea kaua.

Ke apogee o ka luku mana i hanaʻia e physicists, ua "ke huahana HE 602". Ole ia ka mea, ua hiki ole ke hana i kekahi mea i nui weliweli, e hiki e haha mea makemake ia wahi.

Ka loa mana nukelea pōkā pahū i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka moolelo i loaa ae nei i kona inoa iho, naʻe informally, "gruel" a me "Kuzka". He ka hanaiia'na mai o nā mea a pau hooweliweli, e hōʻike i ka Americans NS Khrushchev, a iloko o ka XXII Ahaolelo Lahui o ka CPSU (1961) mālama i kona i olelo mua iaʻi.

Ma mua, e like "Ekahi" o ka 100 megatons, akā, minamina Norilsk Iron a me Steel Hana Hou. like mākou ma luna o ka mea like paha me ka hapalua. pōkā pahū lōʻihi - heʻumikumamālua mau mika ma ka anawaena - elua a me ka hapalua, ke kino koe i ka ia, mai ka stomegatonnoy a bombolyukʻike mau Li-95 'aʻole i pono, he ia ikiʻoki i nā kihi, a wehe i ke kāʻei. Ke kanawai i oi a pau 'upu', o ka hawewe hohola iho la a puni ka Honua ekolu mau manawa.

Naʻe, ka mea ma hope, ua hoʻomaka ihola ia e like me ka oihana koa nukelea pōkā pahū ua i pono, kona haawi ana i ka pale umauma hoʻokahi mea problematic, a me kekahi mau mea emi ikaika hoopii hiki i ka hoa paio oi pōʻino ma mua o kekahi kanaka nunui Naita.

Ua Ua manaolana i ka mōʻaukala o nukelea kaua, a me ke hoʻokō 'ia ka mea mua mau hopeʻia, Nākulukulu nō i ka makahiki 1945.