'O Oktoberfest ma Kelemānia: ki'i a me ka wehewehe

'O ka'oihana malihini makamae kaulana loa i ka honua ma ka hopena o Kepakemapa a me ka mahina'o'Okakopa'o Munich, kahi i hele aku ai i mua o 6 miliona po'e e hele i ka Oktoberfest i kēlā me kēia makahiki. No nā makahiki he 200, ua'oli'oli nui ka'aha inu pia i nā po'e o kēia inu. Ua loa'a iā "Oktoberfest" i Kelemānia i nā makahiki he hala i hala aku nei a komo mau i ka Guinness Book ma ke'ano he'oi aku ka'oi loa o ka honua ma ia papahana.

'Elua lālepa -'elua mau ku'una

'O ka mo'olelo o ka ho'okomo'ana ma Bavaria e pili kokoke ana i ka'ohana ali'i, i ka manawa ho'okahi e ho'oholo i kēia'āina. Ua mana'o nā Lunamaka'āinana o ka po'e Melekiskaba e kūpono iā lākou'a'ole e maopopo wale i nā'ano o ka beer, akā, e ho'okomo i kāna hana. Ka mua aliʻi brewery Ua wehe hoʻi i loko o 1260 ma Munich, kapikala o Bavaria, Duke Ludwig loa. Ma ka kenekulia 19, he 70 mau hale hana e hana ana i kēia inu, no ka'ohana ali'i.

'O kekahi o nā mō'ī (Duke William 4) i ka makahiki 1516'o ia i ho'opuka i ke kānāwai no ka maemae o ka mea'ai, a hiki i ka makahiki 1906 e hana wale i ka'āina Bavarian, akā, ua ho'olaha'ia ma Germany. Ma muli o kēia'ano ko'iko'i e pili ana i ka inu o ka'āina, ua kapa'ia ka pia ma German i kekahi o nā mea maika'i loa o ka honua nei.

'A'ole maopopo ka po'e Bavarian i nā'ano o ka hana'ana i ka pia, akā, me ka hō'ailona'ana,'oiai he manawa i loko o ko lākou mo'olelo i ho'omaka ai ka waina ikaika e ho'ohui i ka wai pīpī ma ka nui o ka'ai.

I kekahi manawa, hiki i kekahi kānāwai ke ho'ololi i kahi o nā "kaupaona" o ka mō'aukala. I kēia hopena, i ka pau'ana o ke kenekulia 19, ua ho'opuka'ia kekahi'ōlelo e pili ana i nā pōmaika'i o ka beer, a me ka ho'onui'ana i ka ulu'ana. Inā ma mua o ka li'ili'i'ana o ka waina a me ka beer mai nā Bavarians, a laila, ma hope o ka ho'okomo'ia'ana o ka'ōlelo ho'oholo, ua lilo i mea waiwai loa ka ho'ohana'ia'ana o ka ho'onui i 500 liters no kēlā me kēia kanaka i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

He kakaikahi ka po'e i'ike'a'ole'o Oktoberfest ma Germany wale nō ka'aha beer. 'A'ole ka mea nui iki no ka po'e Germans ke kumu o ka beer ikaika, e hā'ule ana ma ka Lent.

Ua ho'omaka'ia kāna mo'olelo ma kahi monastery o nā mōneka -'o Pahalans, nāna i kuke i ko lākou pono. Ua pāhola ka nani o ka beer a puni ka maka, akā, ua'ae ke kānāwai i nā mōneka e kū'ai aku i kā lākou inu, i mea e inu ai ia mau mea ma mua o ka ho'okē'ai'ana. I ka 1780 wale nō ka'ae'ana e kū'ai i kēia pia. No laila ua ho'okumu'ia ke kuhi i loko o'elua pule e ho'okipa ai i ka'aha'aina o ka pia ikaika ma Mount Nocherberg i Munich.

'O ka mo'au o ka'aha inu

'O ka hui'o Oktoberfest ma Kelemānia i ka makahiki 1810, i ka manawa i ho'oholo ai ka Mō'ī Ludwig 1 i ka wā e hiki mai ana e ho'olaule'a i kāna male'ana me ke ali'i wahine'o Saxon Theresa. I kēia hopena, ua waiho'ia nā papa ma luna o ka ululā'au ma waho o Munich a me nā heluna he hundred haneli i kūkulu'ia no nā po'e kaiāulu. Ua makemake nā kānaka i ka ho'omaha nui a no laila ua ho'oholo lākou e hana hou no ka makahiki e hiki mai ana, a laila ua lilo i kuleana o nā luna o ke kūlanakauhale.

I kēia lā'o Teresin Meadow kahi wahi nui e kokoke ana i ke ke'ena laina ka'aula ma Munich. Ua hana'ia ka loina o ka beer makahiki wale nō i nā wā o ke ahulau a me nā hana kaua, no ka mea, i ka makahiki 1854 a 1873 no ka ma'i cholera.

Ua mālama'ia, no ka manawa mua, i ka mahina'o'Okakopa, akā mai ka makahiki 1904 i ho'opane'e'ia i ka hopena o Kepakemapa, akā ua waiho'ia ka inoa. I ko mākou manawa, ho'omaka ia i ke kolu Pō'alima o Sepatemaba a hala mau lā he 16.

Kahi o ka'aha'aina

Ma ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19, ua hana'ia nā mo'olelo o ka papahana Teresa i Munich a me nā wahi i mālama'ia ai ka'ahamele Oktoberfest i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ua waiwai maika'i'o Siamani e ho'opuka i ka po'e Bavarian breweries, no ka mea i hele aku nā huahana o kā lākou huahana mai ka'āina holo'oko'a wale nō, akā mai ka'āina'ē aku. Ua'ike'ia nā po'e Malemana i ka mānoanoa a me ke akamai, no laila ua kau lākou i nā hale lole nui, kahi i kūkulu'ia ai nā papa hula a me nā pākole.

Ma hope iki, ua lawe'ia nā mea ho'okipa mai waho o nā halelewa, no ka mea, makemake nui ka po'e e inu i ka be'a o kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ma nā'ao'ao'ē a'e, ua aneane like lākou i ka makahiki lō'ihi o ka makahiki 1886, i ka ho'onāhua'ia'ana. Ua hana'ia ka mālamalama e ka pa'a o ka makuakāne o'Einstein, a ke'ōlelo nei lākou ua ho'ohuli'o Albert i nā kukui kukui i loko o ka hale lole o ka Scwertenhamel brewery.

'O ka hale nui nui loa no 12,000 mau kānaka i hui'ia i ka makahiki 1913, he mea kupaianaha ia i kēlā manawa. I kēia mau lā, he 14 mau halelewa me ka hiki i kahi 10,000 mau noho a me 15 mau hale li'ili'i no ka 1000 mau kānaka i kau'ia ma ka papa.

'O Culprit o ka ho'olaule'a

'O ka mea'ona nui loa i ka'aha'aina ka beer, i kaomi'ia e Munich breweries. Pono nā huahana e mālama i nā kulekele o 1487 (ua ho'opuka'ia ka kānāwai Munich i ka ho'oma'ema'e o ka pia) a me ka 1516 (ho'oholo ma ka ho'oma'ema'e o nā huahana), no laila, e ho'omaka ana i ka mahina'o Malaki.

'O ka mea i kaulana loa'o nā'ano like'ole o kēlā po'e kālepa e like me "Augustiner", "Paulaner", "Levenbroi" a me nā mea'ē a'e. 'Ai'ia ka pia e like me kahi kānāwai kahiko, e like me nā hops, ka palaoa malt, ka lelo, a me ka wai. Hiki iā Munich, hiki i ka "Oktoberfest" ma Kelemānia, ke ho'ā'o i kahi inu paila me ka'ono a me ka ikaika (5.8 - 6.3%), e like me ia ma mua o ka ho'olaule'a ma mua o 200 makahiki i hala.

'O ka'oia'i'o, i ko mākou manawa, nā kāpena me ka hana'ole no ka kū'ai'ana i nā mea inu me ka nui o nā mea'ai, akā, i ka ho'omaha'a'ole lākou.

I ka'ahamele Oktoberfest ma Kelemānia i nā makahiki like'ole, ua pau ka nui o ka beer i kahi kokoke i 70,000 hectoliters, waina - a hiki i 27,000 lita (hiki ke'ono'ia i loko o ka hale waina) a me ka pāmaina - a hiki i 20,000 mau'eke (no ka mea, he hale ka'awale kekahi) . 'O ka'ilēlā ma'amau o kahi pahu lita (mass), akā wale nō ma ia mau puke, e lawelawe'ia ka beer ma Oktoberfest, kau ke kumukū'ai 10 €. No ka mea'o nā'ano like'ole i kēlā me kēia hale lole he 6 wale nō, a'elua no'elua pule o ka'aha'aina, hiki iā'oe ke pale aku i nā halelewa a pau me ka pilikia'ole i kou olakino a me kāu pēke.

No nā malihini o ka'aha'aina he 800 mau halepaku, nā kauka a me nā limahana manawale'a i ka hana, e kōkua ana i ka po'e i helu'ole i ko lākou ikaika.

Hana

'O ka'āina āpau'o Bavarian he wahi nui ia o ka'aha inu pia. Hā'awi ma'amau ia i ka pua pua'a, ka moa moa, ka pua pua'a, ka'i'o ma ka iwi a me ka i'a. 'O kahi'ano kūikawā he mea i'āpala'ia o ka pua'a hihiu, dia, a me ke dia.

Hiki ke kauoha'ia nā mea'ai i loko o nā hale'ie bera, a kū'ai'ia ma nā hale kūikawā. Ma ka'āpena i ka pia, he mea ma'amau ke kauoha'ana i nā pretelels a me ka malo'o. I loko o kahi kū i'a, hiki iā'oe ke kū'ai aku i i'a i'a malo'o,'a'ole na'e he mea ma'amau ma'amau no ka po'e Beretania.

'O ka'ohi mua no nā moa i ho'onohonoho'ia i ka'aha'aina Bavarian i ka makahiki 1881, a i kēia lā ua ho'okumu'ia lākou me nā'enehana hou.

'O ka hā'ina hō'olu'olu

Mai ka makahiki 1887, wehe'ia ka hō'ailona ma ka hele'ana o nā mea hale lole. Ua'ike'ia ke'ano ku'una i ka wā i hui mua'ia ai nā mea hō'ailona a me nā mea nona nā mea ho'okipa a hele mai i kahi kanu o Theresa me kahi kolamu nui.

Mai ia manawa, lawe'ia nā kālai nani i ho'onani'ia i nā lio'ehā ai'ole'eono i nā pahu me nā'ano pia e lawelawe'ia ma kēia hale lole. Ma hope o lākou e hele aku nā mea nona a me nā mea hana o ka hale kū'ai, a ua hele pū kēia me nā mea ho'okani pila.

Ho'omaka ka'aha'aina ma kahi hana ma'amau i loko o ka pahu i ka hola 12 o ke awakea. Hana'ia kēia hana e ke kuhina nui o ke kūlanakauhale. Ma hope o ka wehe'ia o ka pahu mua, hiki i nā mea hale a pau ke kū'ai aku a me ka pia pia.

Ke pā nei nā po'e Bavarians nui i ka nui o nā pa'i e makemake'ia e ka mea'eha e'ike nei e wehe i ka pahu. No laila,'o ka hopena maika'i loa o ka makahiki 1950, i ka wā i pa'i'ia ai nā 19, a me ka maika'i loa - i ka makahiki 2006, i ka wā i wehe'ia ai ka pahu me ka pahu mua.

Nā ho'olimalima a me nā hi'ona

I ka ho'omaka'ana o ke kenekulia 2000 ua hele pū aku'o Oktoberfest ma Germany me nā mana'o kupaianaha. Eia kekahi lā, i ka makahiki 1901, ua hō'ike'ia nā mea a pau o ka'aha'aina i ka kauhale Bedouin me ka po'e e noho ana. 'O nā hula hula, ka pana pua, ka pana pua a me nā pana pua -'o ia nā mea ho'okipa a pau o kēlā mau makahiki.

I ko mākou manawa, ua ho'okipa'ia nā po'e malihini e like me nā kālepa kahiko, nā mea i hana no nā makahiki he 80, a me nā mea i kēia manawa. He mea kaulana loa i waena o lākou e ka mea e holo ai ke ka'a me nā ala o ka lō'ihi.

'O ka hale kia'i pū me kahi ki'eki'e o 66 m, a hiki iā'oe ke'ike i ka laha a pau o ka haule'ole i ka holo'ana o 79 km / h, e kakali ana i ka po'e i makemake ki'eki'e. Hiki iā'oe ke'ike i ka'aha'aina a pau ma ka maka o ka manu.

'O ka'ōle'a pu'upu'u, kahi i hana i nā lā aloha mai nā lā he 60 o ka 20st century, e hau'oli mau i nā mākua a me nā keiki.

Hiki i nā mea makemake ke hula, ke pana aku i nā kakaka a me nā kīko'o, ai'ole e komo i nā ki'i. I kēlā me kēia ahiahi, kēlā me kēia hale noho e hā'awi aku i nā ho'okipa hoihoi no nā mea ho'okipa: ma kekahi, mele mele'o rock'n'roll, a me nā mea'ē a'e - nā mele a me nā hula.

Ka po'e i komo i ka hālāwai

He mea ho'okupu i nā ku'una ka makana costume. Ua mālama mua ia i ka makahiki 1835 a ua ho'okumu'ia i ka male kālā o Ludwig 1 a me Theresa of Saxony. 'O nā papahana mua loa he'ano ha'aha'a loa ia, akā i kēia manawa, ua'oi aku ka nui o nā lole i'oi aku i ka 8,000 i komo i nā'a'ahu o ke aupuni. Hana'ia ka papa hana ma ka Lāpule mua o ka lā ho'omaha.

Aia ma waena o nā po'e i komo i ka'aha'aina ka aupuni o Bavaria a me nā hoa o ka'aha kūkā o Munich, nā māka'i o nā mea huli holoholona a me nā pā kala, a me ka mea ho'okani pila a me nā mea pā'ani. He 7 km ke ka'ina holo'oko'a, ma ke'ano ma'amau ke alaka'i'ia e kahi keiki.

I kēia lā, ua'ike'ia'o ia ka mea nui loa i ka honua ma waena o nā hanana.

'O ka hō'olu'olu o ka'aha'aina

Wahi a nā'ikepili, e like me 70% o nā malihini he po'e Bavarians a me ko Germans,'o ka po'e i koe he po'e malihini mai ka honua holo'oko'a. Ma kēia māka'i hau'oli a ho'okipa paha e hiki ai iā'oe ke lohe i ka Italia, Kelekania, English, Swedish, Norwegian, Russian,'ōlelo Ukrainian a me nā mea aloha pia'ē a'e mai nā'āina'ē a'e o ka honua.

'A'ohe hakakā a hō'ike'ike paha o kekahi hakakā ma ka'aha'aina, no ka mea,'o ka po'e i hele mai ma'ane'i, he manawa ho'omaha maoli nō lākou, a ua mana'o'ia no ka makahiki holo'oko'a. He mau'aka'aka a me kahi manawa aloha. No laila, ho'omana'o'o Siamani i ka Oktoberfest.

'O Oktoberfest ma Moscow

Ua kū mai kekahi ku'una hou i Rusia. I kēia manawa ua mālama'ia'o Oktoberfest i ka'elemena Kepani. Ho'okau'ia ka komo'ana i kēia hanana, akā, kū'ai'ia nā tickets i kēia manawa. 'O kēia no ka hoihoi nui o Muscovites i ka mo'omeheu Siamani, akā,'oi aku - i ka be'a maika'i a me ka mea'ono Bavarian.

Eia kekahi la'ana,'o "Oktoberfest" (Embassy German) i 2016 i kipa'ia e nā kānaka he 1,000. Ua mālama'ia ka ho'omaha ma Sepatemaba 16-17, a no kēia mau lā'elua i mana'o'ia ai nā mea ho'okipa me ka pia Bavarian, nā mea'ai, nā loiloi a me nā makana. Ho'okumu nā mea pīhoihoi no nā keiki, a ke kali nei ko lākou mau mākua i ka hui pā'ani o Munich.

No laila, hele akula'o Oktoberfest i ka'elele Kāmelika i Moscow.