Pehea e holo ai i ka nā aʻalolo aeea? Ke keena o ka'emi ko kahua

Ke kanaka kino ua haku o trillion keena wale lolo kekahi mau hola 100 ieeeea? Neurons, na kinona a me ka nui like 'ole. Ke ninau aicieeaao: Pehea e holo ai ke aʻalolo halepaahao, a pehea ia i kekahi, mai nā aeee i loko o ke kino?

I hoʻomākaukauʻia ko mākou hopohopo keena

Like loa nā kanaka kino keena, nā aʻalolo aeee i ka nucleus. Akā, hoʻohālike au i na mea e ae, ka mea e kū hoʻokahi, e like me ka mea, i ka lōʻihi, ka pae-e like lālā e lawe nā aʻalolo impulses.

Ke keena o ka'emi'ōnaehana i like i ka 'ē aʻe, e like me ka i hoʻopuniʻia e ka halepaahaoʻili lahilahi, i kekahi kāna mau' ōlelo i loaʻa nā'ōewe cytoplasm, mitochondria a me nā organelles. Ka mea, o ka pae'āina i ke kumu kahua o ke kelepona hele keʻano o ka hanaʻana e like me kumuʻiʻo hoʻololi kemikala a me ka ikehu? Iecaianoaaiiuo.

Neurons a me nā aʻalolo impulses

ʻO ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana ninoieo o nā aʻalolo. Nā aʻalolo - he pua o nā aʻalolo keena. Nā aʻalolo aeee ke hoʻouna i kekahi 'ike, i kapaʻia he neuron. ʻIkepili i ua hoololiia no ka neurons, kapaʻia nā aʻalolo impulses. Like ka pou impulses i hoolilo 'ike i ka hiki ole ana. Hōʻike i hoʻokēʻai ka hōʻikeʻana axons o neurons, kūikawā lole komoʻuʻuku nona myelin wahī.

Kēia iwi huna axon e like ea ka paleʻana ma luna o ka pila kaula, a e leie aku nā aʻalolo impulses holo wikiwiki. He aha mea he neuron? He mea he kūikawā shape e leie aku oe e hoʻouna i kekahi neaiae mai kekahi aeea i kekahi. A neuron ninoieo o ekolu papa kuhikuhiE māhele: ka halepaahao kino, dendrites a me ka ai iiiaanoaa o hoʻokahi axon.

'ano o nā neurons

Neurons i ana hoʻolaha ma luna o ka muli o ke kūlana i ka mea pâʻani i loko o ke kino. Aia i mau walaʻauʻana ano o neurons - ka sensory a me ka Hawaii. Sensory neurons hana nā aʻalolo impulses mai sensory nā loko, a na nā loko i ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana (CNS). Hawaii neurons, ma ka mea ku ole, e lawe aku i nā aʻalolo impulses mai ka CNS a hiki i na nā loko, glands a me nāʻiʻo.

i hoonohonoho ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana keena no laila, i nāʻano o nā neurons hana pu. Sensory neurons lawe 'ike e pili ana i ka mea maloko, a mawaho' ia. Mauʻikepili mea hoʻohana e hoouna mau lepa a ma ka Hawaii neurons e hai aku i ke kino ana mea e pane ai i ka ike.

synapse

O kahi i waiho ai ka axon o kekahi neuron me na dendrites o kekahi ua kapaia he synapse. Neurons manawalea ana mai iaʻu i kekahi i kekahi ma ka mea o ka electrochemical kaʻina. Ma ka naoh e hele mai Nine Inch waiwai kapa neurotransmitters.

kino o ka aeea

Ka mea o ke aʻalolo aeea pono i ke alo i loko o ka kino o ka halepaahao nucleus a me nā organelles. Dendrites a me axons e pili ana i ka halepaahao kino, reminiscent o na kukuna emanating mai o ka lā. Nā dendrites loaa impulses mai nā aʻalolo keena. Axons ke hoʻouna i nā aʻalolo impulses i nā keena.

Kekahi neuron hiki i na tausani o ka dendrites, no laila, ka mea hiki ke kamaʻilio me nā tausani o nā keena. Axon lole komoʻuʻuku nona myelin wahi - momoma, ahu iho i isolates ia, a leie aku, e hoʻouna i kekahi hoailona wikiwiki.

mitochondria

Mai la i ka ninau o ke pehea e kükulu i nā aʻalolo aeea, ka mea, he pono e nana i ka hehee ai kuleana no ka hoolako ana i metabolic ikehu, a hiki laila, e hoopuni hoolilo o. Ma kēia kaʻina, ke kūlana iniiaiie hoʻokaniʻia e mitochondria. Mau organelles i kā lākou mau waho a ma lokoʻili lahilahi.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka ikehu no ka mea ua'emi nenoaiu ka monakō koko. Mitochondria pihaʻi me na nā'ūhū pono e hoʻolilo i ka monakō koko i loko o ka ikehu-waiwai hui,ʻano nui i loko o ka lātoma adenosine triphosphate (ATP), i hiki laila e kaʻi aku i nā wahi o ke kino e pono ai kā lākou ikehu.

kāna mau 'ōlelo

A luna 'kaʻina hana o ka kumuʻiʻo hoʻololi kemikala hoʻomaka i loko o ka halepaahao nucleus. neuron nucleus he aaiaoe 'ike i ua waiho waho like kivila mai laina o deoxyribonucleicʻakika (DNA). Kēlā me kēia DNA lātoma loaʻa ka aaiaoe kivila no a pau aeee i loko o ke kino.

Ua hoomaka ia ma ka 'ōlelo kaʻina hana o ke kūkulu kumuʻiʻo nā lātoma, ma ke kākau i kekahi AYEIE hapa o ka DNA code for Na kanawai o ka mea manuahi nā lātoma o ribonucleicʻakika (RNA). Hookuu mai i ka nucleus i loko o ka extracellular loli, ka mea, kāhea i ke kumuʻiʻo hoʻololi kemikala kaʻina hana, ma ka a i komo ai kapaʻia nucleoli. Ua hoʻokaʻawale 'ole i loko o ka Kora naʻEsau, mea kuleana no ke kūkuluʻana i ka hakakino eiiieaenu, kapaʻia ribosomes, komo i loko o kumuʻiʻo hoʻololi kemikala.

Anei oe i ike pehea e kükulu i kekahi palapala nā aʻalolo aeea?

Neurons - o ka loa tenacious a me ka lōʻihi aeee i loko o ke kino! Kekahi o ia i waiho i loko o ke kanaka kino ma ka wā e ola ana. Other keena make, e UAIAaIN ka mea, e hou poʻe, akā, he nui neurons hiki ole ke auou caiaiai. Me ka elemakule, ka mea, e emi emi a. Nolaila i ka hōʻike i nā aʻalolo aeee mai i regenerate. Eia naʻe, i kēia mau hopena o 20th kenekulia haʻawina hooiaio i ke ku pono. Ma kekahi o na mau mea o ka lolo, ka hippocampus, hou neurons ke ulu nō i loko o nā mākua.

Neurons hiki e loa ai nui a e ka lōʻihi o kekahi mau mika (corticospinal a me ka afferent). I ka 1898, he luawai-ike hoʻomalu i loko o ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana Kamillo Goldzhi'ōlelo maila lākou i loaʻa - lipine-e like lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe, hana kūikawā ana i loko o ka neurons i loko o ka cerebellum. Kēia mea e hanau i ka inoa o kona mea nāna i hana, a uaʻikeʻia e like me "Golgi i hoʻomākaukauʻia".

Mai pehea e kükulu i nā aʻalolo aeea, ka mea e e hoakakaia like me ka hoʻokumu paʻa mall a me ka iaea ooieoeiiaeuiiai pa alima o ka'emi'ōnaehana, ka study o ka poe noonoo ole nā loina e hiki ke malama i ke ki i ka hoʻoponopono i na pilikia. Ua piliʻano nui i ka autonomic ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana, i maupaʻa haneri o ka miliona o interconnected keena.