E piʻi like me Democritus Kawaihae. Atomistic olelo o Democritus

Ke kahiko Greek poe akeakamai Democritus i hānauʻia a puni 460 BC. e ka. ma Thrace, i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Abdera. Mua ua he panalaau ia o ka Phoenicians. Ke kahiko Helene wahi i ke ano o ke kulanakauhale a hiki i Hercules, nana ia i hoalaʻe ia ia i ka hanohano o kona hoapili Abdera, haehaeia lio wahine o Diomedes.

biographical 'ike

Eia naʻe, Kawaihae Democritean he nui kona keʻokeʻo mau kiko. Ua uaʻike ia i kona makua kāne i ke kiʻekiʻe o nā aliʻi o nā luna aupuni, ka mea i kaulana no kona pono la mua o ka Peresia ke alii Xerxes. No keia luna imua o ke alii mau magoi a me nā kānakaʻepekema. Ka mea, i hana ia ma ke kahua o Democritus. E like me ke keiki, ua aʻo astrology a me ka theology. Make makua kāne i hoʻoili ai i ka moku'āina i kāna mau keiki kāneʻekolu. Democritus i ka pokii o lakou, a lalau aku la i ka huna uuku kaʻana like 'ana.

Ke kanaka'ōpiopio nei i hoihoi i ka 'epekema a me kaʻeleu wale ma luna o kā lākou mau haʻawina, kokoke hoʻomaopopoʻole i ka maʻamau o pilikia a me na koina. Kawaihae a Democritus ninoieo loa o kekahi mau haʻawina a me ka hele 'ia no ia. Pinepine no ka lā ma hope,ʻo ia i noho ai i loko o kona arbor, a ua paʻa kaʻawale mai ka mea e hanaia waho. Democritus Ua lōʻihi-ola. He make ma kahi o 370 BC. e ka. He poʻeʻelemākule kahiko loa. Ke kahiko Greek kākau moʻolelo Lucian (i hoihoi i ka cosmology), palapala iho la ia ma luna o ka haneri makahiki o ka poe akeakamai ola.

Ke ao ana o nā'ātoma

Most Democritus Kawaihae ua ike i keia kanaka noiʻi kahiko hoʻomohala i ke ao ana o ka mea uuku (particles) - ka'Ātoma. Kēia kumumanaʻo, ua hookumuia ia ma kona kumu Leucippus. Democritus hana mauʻimi loa i ka lewa o ka mea kahiko Helene poe akeakamai, a hiki i ka hopena i ke ao nei a pau ua i mai o microscopic nā'ātoma. Mau (particles) e ole e ku oe a e ole luku, ka mea, i ka definite shape a me ka impermeable. Eia hou, ma laila nō nā'ātoma a me ka meaʻole, i mea pau loa e ku pono ana ia ia. Kēia mau makuwahine i ka papa kuhikuhiE mea o ka study o Democritus. Makamua Greek nä känaka 'epekema i manao ai, a pau na pau mea ninoieo o olalo i liʻiliʻi (particles), a, eia hoi, ua hoi nānā' ana i ka waiwai o ka mea a pau. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o nā'ātoma a me kā lākou hopena ma luna o ke kanaka makaukau no loli a me ka pono o nā mea a me nā mea a pau. Manaÿo e like me keʻano a me ka ono, nei wale nō i loko o ko mākou manaʻo, akā, ma ka ike maopopo he mea wale nō i ka mea uuku (particles), a me ka meaʻole.

hiki ole nā'ātoma e hele mai i loko o hui 'ana me kekahi me kekahi, - he mea mau i ka wa ma waena o lākou. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi i ka mea, he meaʻole. Atomistic ana o Democritus komo iho repulsive manaÿo, a,ʻo (particles) e hele mai a kokoke i kekahi i kekahi, no ka pili loa. A pau kēia mau hopena a pau āna i hana wale e like me nā mea mahuʻi. I ka wā e hiki mai, 'epekema ua hooko mai oia i ia hoʻi.

Hoopaapaa a me Eleatics

Poe akeakamai Democritus i ka hoa paio o ka Eleatic kula. Ka mea, koi i ke ao nei e neʻe maila. Democritus i aku i ke ku pono loulou. Kona leo hiki ia i loko o ka palapala o ka nīnau: "Inā i ke ao nei ua paa, alaila, hiki e wahi a pau o nā hoʻololi i ua hana a puni?" Atomism i nā hoa paio, a me ka ardent kākoʻo. No ka laʻana, ka mea e ao ana i loko o ka wā e hiki mai, kākoʻoʻia Plato a me Epicurus.

Kawaihae no Democritus a me kona hoʻi i hoʻonāukiuki aku i ka hou nalu o ka ukupanee i ka manawa o ka Europa pakebona o ka XVI kenekulia, ka wā nuiʻepekema i hoao e wehewehe i ke ao nei a puni ia. Atomism kākoʻo Galileo, Giordano Bruno, Pierre Gassenli, Isaac Beeckman a me nā kaulana thinkers o ke au. Ke ao ana o microscopic (particles), nā mea a pau e nei i Ua i ike loea koʻi lipi no chemists, no kekahi laʻana, i Dzhona Daltona.

inozomii rula

Atomistic ana o Democritus i kālaiʻike inozomii rula. Ua noho aliʻi i loko e ka haumana kahiko. Ua hiki e ua kālaiʻia me penei: ina he kŰia mea e kue ana i na kumu a me na kanawai o ke ano, alaila, ma neia hope aku ka mea, e hiki mai ai i mua i hiki mai ai.

izonomii rula alakai i kekahi mau hopena a, a i hahai ma hope Democritus. I ka walaʻauʻana i ka manaʻo nui o kēia kumumanaʻo, e manao i loko o kekahi mau theses. Mua,ʻo nā'ātoma hiki i kekahi nui a me ka shape. Ka lua, he mea ka Great meaʻole. Ke kolu, e kolo ana maluna o ka nui helu o nā'ātoma'ē aʻe ma mua o ka wikiwiki a me ka ao ao. Kēia kaʻina 'Aʻole ole i kekahi rula. Na mea a pau ua neʻe maila i loko o ka chaos a me ka hilahila. Ia mea, mai keia kulana o ke au kahiko o Helene poe akeakamai Democritus i manao ai, i ke kū hoʻokahi o kēlā me kēia kŰia a mea. ʻO i loko o kēia manawa i ka nui nä känaka 'epekema Galileo ua kālaiʻia i ka loina o ka' oni 'ana. Ua Ua pili kēia nānā 'ana i ka ike e pili ana i izonomii.

Great mea ole

I ka manaʻo o ka meaʻole Nui, ua loaa he ole nui ma luna o ka ulu o ka cosmology. Kawaihae poe akeakamai Democritus hooeueu ae la i na mea he nui akeakamai i ho'āʻo e wehewehe ana i ko kakou wahi i loko o ka cosmos o ko ke ao nei (ka manawa i loaʻa Greek aa).

E like me ka mea'ātoma ao, ma ka loa hoʻomaka o ka manawa i loko o ka ole no Nui i ka loiloi mua chaos. Ua hana kekahi vortex i lawe i ke kaumaha a me ka malamalama kino i i he okoa kūlana. I ka waenakonu o ka Honua i hana. Ua kūkuluʻia i ke kino kaumaha, a e kapio ana i loko o ka vortex Kora naʻEsau. No ka mea, ke koena mea i hanaʻia aiiay ho film, e hoʻokēʻai i ka wa mai Great lalo.

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo o ka ke ao holoʻokoʻa

Democritus (ke kālaikūlohea a me maoli sciences waiho iho ia ia ia) ua he proponent o ka pähola 'ana ua nui na universes nui a me ka lani. Ka mea, e pau ole ana, a me ka mea fundamentally okoa mai kekahi i kekahi. Ma nā lani a loaʻa nō kekahi mau E ka la a me ka mahina. Somewhere ka mea, e mai nei i nā mea a pau, a me he mea wale ka mea like o ka Honua i loko o ka mehameha pokole. Kekahi lani a collide a e luku. Lākou multiplicity penei, mai ka loina hooponopono izonomii. A pau i kēia mau theses ua kālaiʻia, a ua hōʻolokeʻaʻia i ka poe akeakamai Democritus. Kawaihae thinker ka loaʻa o keʻano o ka noiʻi i loko o nā sciences maoli.

Kekahi o kona mau theses he erroneous. No ka laʻana, Democritus manaoio aku i ka honua i wahi (koke ia mea i loko o ka waena konu o ko ke ao nei). Eia hou, i ka thinker manaoio aku la ia i ka Honua hiki ole e poepoe. He wahi keia i ka mea i loko o keia hihia o ka lā makemake e hele ia Hehe (ma ka piʻo ma mua hoʻi o ke ana pololei laina).

cosmology

Kawaihae (no Democritus na monographs kākau) he mea kupaianahaʻepekema nā haʻina. Penei, ka mea i manao ai, i ke nō hoʻi i loko o ka lani - he mea ole ia e like me ka nui hono o na hoku. Aie i ka mea i ka mamao loa o ka mamao ma waena o ia merges i loko o kekahi wahi, kiʻi ka mea kupaianaha kiʻi o ke poo o na Helene. Democritus hoolilo nui manawa a hiki i ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i centrifugal ikaika. Kana mau hana Hiki ke loaʻa ka manaʻo i ka mea i pono i keia kŰia ma ka Honua ua e haule meteorites a me nā ano lani kahi.

Lewa i loko o nā kumu

Ka hapanui o ke kālaikūlohea Democritus Kawaihae kupaianaha i kekahi o kana mau palapala na hana i ole e holo a hiki i ka keia lā. Ua hiki ke wehewehe ma kekahi mau kumu. Mua o nā mea a pau i ka mea i ia mea, ua he au hoomolowa e pili ana i na kia hoʻomanaʻo i o kahiko a hiki i ke kakahiaka nui Middle Ages. Hoonoho a me nā buke o Democritus luku intentionally a me ka sanction o ka Ekalesia i mālama i loko o appalling rula o ka hale waihona puke laila.

I mea no ke aha la laekahi 'epekema a me ka kālaiʻike hiki wale hana me nā kūʻiʻo, i i lewa i loko o nā hana o nā haumana, e hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana me ka mea kahiko Greek thinker. Hoomanao o Democritus i loaʻa i loko o Aristotle, Cicero, Sextus, Epicurus, Plato, a no laila, ma luna o. D.

kapaia "Great mirostroy" pinepineʻia i loko o nā kumu. Kēia hana i hoʻolaʻa ai i cosmology o Democritus. Ma ka mea,ʻo ia ho'āʻo e hōʻuluʻulu i nā hualoaʻa a pau kona noiʻi hana. Eia hou kekahi, Democritus,ʻikeʻia e like me ka mea nāna i hana o kekahi o ka mua Greek calendars. Au e i ka wawa hewa ia a me ka anahonua, i haʻalele mau hana. I ka pau,ʻo ia mea i ka mua, e formulate kekahi theorems a me na rula no ka hoomaopopo ana i ka wahi o nā huahelu.