Education Moscow State: ka papa manawa a me nā loea kālai'āina

Iloko o ka noho alii ana o Daniel Alexandrovich like me ka "unifier" Lūkini'āina i luna o Moscow. Ia mea, mai keia manawa hoʻomaka ka hoʻokumu o ka centralized moku'āina me ka hoʻokahi poʻo. Rise o ka Luna Nui Duchy o Moscow a me ke kikowaena - ma Moscow - mea ole coincidence. Kēia i kōkua ai i nā e maikaʻi Leeuwerikplein kulana, ke kulekele alualu ma Moscow luna, i ka ulu ana o ka hou hala ma ka Lūkini aina e piele? Ooia. Mea i hoʻokumu i ka nohoaliʻi o na'lii o Moscow ua manaoia e ia i ke keiki Aleksandra Nevskogo - Daniel, ua hopuia ka na'lii o ka papa i ka 1263 a me ka hana i ka hoʻonui i ko lakou mau aina. Pela, i ka 1301 o ka Moscow na'lii a hui Kolomna, a ma ka 1303 - Mozhaysk. Ma wale i kekahi mau makahiki, ua mahuahua me ka nui loa o Daniela noho alii o kona na'lii, a ua lilo kekahi o ka mea nui a me ka mana nui ma ka akau-hikina o Rusia.

Great keiki ma ke kahua o ka Moscow State i ka noho alii ana Ivana Daniilovicha, a holo nōhie hoomau hana a kona makua kāne, e hoʻonui i ka wahi o ko lākou mau'āina, a hui Belozerskoye Moscow, Uglich a me Galich na'lii. Ivan Danilovich, inoa kapakapa Kalita, komo aku la i ka mōʻaukala o Rusia like me kaʻino, a me ka naauao e ku ma ka hoʻoholo no luna, uku hou maliu ia ana me ke Gula iā Goga. Iloko o ka noho alii ana o Ivan Kalita Moscow lilo i ka piko o ka paʻa noho i loko o kona aliʻi, a hoi hoʻoikaika i ka mana o ka Moscow alii imua o na kiaaina i koe Lūkini aina.

E möakäka hou hoʻonaʻauao centralized Moscow moku'āina Ua ua alakaʻiʻia e nā keiki kāne Kalita - Ivan Red a me Simeona i ka poe hookiekie, e hui ia Starodubsky, Dmitrov aina, Kostroma a me Kaluga.

Ma ke kahua o ka hookahi moku'āina hiki ole i ke kanawai o ka feudal hakakā i puka mai ai i loko o Rusia ma ka hapalua like-14th kenekulia, ma waena o ka nui-moopuna Ivana Kality, na rula i ke aupuni 'o kokoke koke i Moscow alii. Ke kumu nui no ka inaina ma waena o nā hoahānau i ka ninau o ke hoʻololi i ka mea o ka succession. Kekahi ano feudal kaua o ka 14th kenekulia moe i loko o ke kaua e kū'ē i mau hoa a me nā kākoʻo o e pili ana i ka hookahi ana ma luna o ka mokuna o Rusia, a me kona kapikala ma Moscow. E like me ka hopena, ka poʻe i koi i ka centralization o na aina Lūkini, unquestioning lanakila i eo.

I ka ho okumu ana o ka Muscovite moku'āina i pau i ka noho alii ana o Ivan III a me kana keiki - Vasily III. 'Lii a me na luna o ka i koe Lūkini ko na'lii, hooholo koke lakou i hele ai i ka hana i loko o Moscow. Ka poe i nō hoole i ka ike i ka mana o ka Moscow luna, haʻalele lākou'āina, a holo aku la i kokoke'āina (i nui, ma Lithuania). I ka la mahope, i ka aina nui, ka malama ana i ka mana o ke kaawale na'lii, ua Novgorod, a na boyars a hiki i kēia wā o ka manawa, e hoʻopau i ka 'aelike ma vassalage me Lithuania. Ke aʻo 'ana i keia, Ivan III i ka 1471 i hoʻonohonoho' ia i ka hele ana ma luna o ke kūlanakauhale. Ke kuleana kaua i wahi ma Shelon River māhele, ua paʻa akula pepehi i ka poʻe hao wale Novgorod ka Muscovites. ʻEhiku mau makahiki ma hope, Novgorod lilo i lâlâ o ka Moscow na'lii.

I ka ho okumu ana o ka Muscovite moku'āina Ua pau me ka ka piʻiʻana iā ia i loko o 1485. Tver. Rights i loko o ka mea, i keia manawa o Ivan III i loaa mai i ka inoa o ka Emperor o pau Rusia. I ka pau ana o ka 14th kenekulia hele ae la ia ma ka moolelo o ko mākou'āina, e like me ka pau ana o kona manawa o feudal fragmentation.

Education Moscow State me ia i ka hanana nui me ka liberation o Rusia, mai ka aneane 240-makahiki-kahiko Mongol-Tatarʻauamo hou pili. Ivan III i ka mua luna o ka'āina i loko o ke kenekulia i hala iho nei ua oki, e uku aku i ka waiwai auhau i ka Tatars. I ka 1480 Khan Akhmat hoao i ka dominance o ka aina, e hoihoi i apo akuk ai, a ua hoʻokuʻikahi. Ma hope iho o ka liberation o Rusia, mai kaʻauamo o ke alohaʻole i kekahi 'ano kūkaʻi ulu o ke kulana o ka Moscow na'lii, i pili i ka mea i koe unsubordinated'āina: Smolensk, Pskov a me Ryazan. Ma ka hopena o 15th kenekulia ma ka palapala, e ia he hou ka mana i ua increasingly kapaia o Rusia.