Elizabeth 1 Tudor: ka pilikanaka, ke kulekele a me ka politika. Nā'ano o Elizabeth 1 Tudor ma ke'ano he kālai'āina. Nawai i noho mahope o Elizabeth 1 Tudor?

1 Elizabeth Tudor (makahiki o ke ola - 1533-1603) - Queen oʻEnelani, kona hana he hoʻonui i ke kahua o ke kiʻi o ka Golden Age. He ua manaoio aku no lakou, e ku ia ma luna o kona papa. Wahi lulu, a me na haole Politika Elizavety Tudor 1 ka nui loa kona waiwai a me ka hana hoihoi. Ma kēia 'atikala e kamaʻilio pū mākou e pili ana i kona noho alii ana, e hōʻike i kona Kawaihae. Oe i ike, mea i ka Tudor Elizabeth 1 like me ka politician. Eia hou, e olelo aku mākou i kekahi mau olelo e pili ana i ka mea e rula ma hope o ia.

me Kinohi Elizabeth

Ka wā e hiki mai aliʻi wahine, i hānauʻia ma Kaunakakai Palace, Aia ma Ladana i keia la. He mea nui ka hanana no ka aina, he 7 September 1533. Kona makua kāne,ʻo ia Henry VIII o Elisabeta, ke alii o England, a me ka makuwahine - Anne Boleyn. Kēia wahine i kekahi kaikamahine o ka hanohano ma mua o ka wahine mua a Henry. I mea e mare me ia,ʻo ia hemo kana wahine, Ekaterinoy Aragonskoy, ka mea i hikiʻole, e haawi lakou ia ia i hooilina, a hele mai, mai lalo o ka mana o ka Pope. I ka 1534 Henry VIII hai ana ia ia iho ke poo o ka 'ōlelo Pelekānia ekalesia. Anne Boleyn (kiʻi ma lalo kiʻi o ia a me Henry) ma May 1536 i hana, e hoohewa ana ia ia o ka moe kolohe. Akā, me ka oiaio hewa o ka wahine ua i kona hiki ole e hanau i ke keiki kāne, Henry, hoʻoilina i ka noho aliʻi.

Ka Hopena Elizabeth i ka noho alii ana o Edward VI

Elizabeth i loko o ka wā ma waena o ka make ana o kona makuakane, i mai ai i ka 1547, a me kona ka piʻiʻana iho a hiki i ka nohoalii i, e hele ma ka ordeal, a, o ka papa, lewa ma kona ano. Iloko o ka noho alii ana o Edward VI o, kona hapa-kaikaina, ka mea i aliʻi ai mai ka 1547 a hiki i 1553, i ka wā e hiki mai Queen ua noho me ke komo pū o loko o ke kipi, ka Haku Adimarala Thomas Seymour. Lili no Eduardu Seymuru, kona kaikaina, ka mea i ka hapa o Edward VI i ka pale o ke aupuni, Thomas hana ke kūlana kekahi mau manawa. Mau hana alakai, e manaoio ana oia i na manao no ka coup d'etat. Plan Thomas mare Elizabeth lilo i ka luna o ka recklessness. Na kahu ole ma January 1549 i laweʻia i loko o kahi paa.

Iloko o ka noho alii ana o Mary I a me Elizabeth ka hopena

Iloko o ka noho alii ana o Mary I Tudor, oa i ka manawa mai ka 1553 a hiki i 1558, Elizabeth kaulia'na maluna ae o ka pilikia nui. Mary hele hapa-kaikuahine o ka wā e hiki mai aliʻi wahine. A lohe o Henry hemo Ana, kona makuahine,ʻo ia ua manawa i lawa makua e hoʻomaopopo i ka mea hilahila pili me ia. Maria lilo i fanatical Hui, hana proispanskih manao a me ka ukiuki i ke kaikamahine Anny Boleyn.

Ma hope o piʻi i ka noho aliʻi, he ahaaina mare ia Pilipo, ka mea i ka hooilina a hiki i ka nohoalii Spanish Maria hoʻokani. Ua haawi ala i ka helu nui o nā mea kuka. Ka loa nui o ia hiki ke noʻonoʻo me ka hanana ma January 1554 Thomas Wyatt ka kipi. ʻOiai Elizabeth apparently haʻalele i ka Hui hoomana, hou hoʻolauna i loko o ka moku'āina, i ole hooki Kalawina, e kau i ko lakou mau manao ua me ia. No ka mea, o keia, ka mea ola ana i ka hoʻoweliweli 'ia Elizabeth Mary (kona kiʻi Ua hoike mai ma lalo nei).

Ka wā e hiki mai ma hope o ke aliʻi wahine o ka uprising Wyatt i hopuia, a laila, waiho ihola i loko o ka Tower. Aia hoʻi e pana aku au i 2 mahina. Elizabeth laila, i ka makahiki i hala aku ma lalo o kokoke hooponopono ma Woodstock, kahi kokoke i Oxford.

E komo aku ai i ka noho aliʻi. I ka ninau o ka ekalesia 'ole

1 Tudor Elizabeth hele mai i ka noho aliʻi 17 November 1558. Ma ka halawai o ka hale kanawai, e paa ana ia i loko o January kela makahiki, i hoala mai i ka ninau e pili ana i ka ekalesia 'ole. The Queen ua makaukau e hookaawale, mai ka papacy o Rome, a me kaʻekalesia oʻEnelani, akā, i loko o nā kanaka e mahalo i hele i ka hana i loko o ka uhane makeʻe kulana, a me ka malama nui. Ka House o Nā Kāhua i olelo mai ai e pili ana i ka pono no ka'ano'ē a me ka uncompromising nā mea hoʻololi. Elizabeth ka makemake o nā episcopal ekalesia hui a me ka hana, aponoia ka ai-kapaia kiʻekiʻe-ekalesia. Ma ka hopena, heʻae like hoʻokuʻu ma kahai i hiki aku, i kapaʻia ka Via Media, i unuhi 'ia mai he Roma ia hoʻi, "waena ala." Elizabeth nā mea hoʻololi hōʻike 'hiʻona o ka Ekalesia oʻEnelani, a i hookoeia mai ai i ka lā. Aka hoi, ka mea i haawi ala i ka'ōhumu mai a me ka poʻe Kalawina, a me ka Kakolika.

I ka ninau o ke succession

Hale kanawai, e like me ka pono me nā kānaka, he mau mea e hopohopo nei e pili ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana o Protestantism i loko o ke aupuni. Ka mea i Queen Elizabeth 1 Tudor o ka hope o ka Tudor aliʻi. E like me ka pili aupuni me ka noʻonoʻo a me ka poʻe uʻi a ua alakai ai i ka mea i ka mea koe ia a hiki i kona make ana i ka wahine puupaa. Kalawina mai i makemake i ka ae i kekahi Hui i ka noho aliʻi. Akā, Mary Stuart, Queen o Hawaiian, ka poe i ka pono a hiki i ka lei oʻEnelani, e ka Hui. I ka mea, Elizabeth ua wale. Ua hoʻoholo ihola e ka hailonaʻana i ka ninau o ke succession. Ua hoopaa i ka pono o ka lōʻihi-kū noho alii ana (aneane 45 makahiki). Eia naʻe, no ka paakiki o ka Queen no ka manawa mua i alakai i ka kāʻeoʻeo ma ka aoao o ka hale kanawai, a ma kaʻaoʻao hea ka kuhikuhipuʻuone. Keia ua oi loa ano o 1566.

Launa oʻEnelani me Kekokia

I ka mea mua i keia manawa mai o 'Enelani pili me Kekokia, kahi i 1559 ka hoʻomaka koke hoʻike ia iho Reformation. Ua paa iho la ka uprising ku ei ka Palani kahu aupuni, Marii Giz, ka mea i alii iho la oia ma ka inoa o Mary Stuart, i kana kaikamahine. Mariya Giz ua i ia manawa like o ka luna o Kekokia a me ka wahine o ka Moi o Farani. I na kipi, ua hiki ke oust i ka Palani, mai ka aina, ka mea, i ka piʻiʻana o Elizabeth. I ka 1562, a no ka manawa lōʻihi ma hope i ka Queen intervened i loko o ka na kālai'āina o Farani. Ua kākoʻo i ke kipi Protestant (Huguenot) aoao. Kekahi manawa ma hope, Elizabeth kākoʻo i ka poʻe Kalawina i loko o ka Netherlands, ka poe i olelo ku e mai i ke alii o Spain Philip II.

Ka pilina me Mary Stuart

I ka 1561, make aku la ia François II, Mary ka kane Stuart. Ma hope iho o kēia Mary hoʻi i kā lākou'āina. Ua hoomaka iho la ia ma na mea he nui ka mahalo i controversial a me ka luna 'mōʻaukala o ka pilina me kona Elizabeth. E like me ka la mahope, Maria i ole he statesman. Ua Ua hoʻokahuli ma hope o ka kīmopō Genriha Styuarta, i kona lua o ka wahine. Ua hoopaaia Mary, akā, ua hoʻokele e pakele. Ua lilo i mau hoa paio, ka poe i pepehi i kona poʻe kaua, a laila, i pau ai i loko oʻEnelani, ma kela aoao o ka palena.

Paʻa i loko o May 1568 o ka hōʻeaʻana mai o StuartʻEnelani i hana mai i kekahi pilikia no ka heroine o keia Haawina. 1 Elizabeth Tudor like me ka politician i loko o ka pilikia kulana home 'ole. Ke aupuni, he la o Maria i ka paa, alaila, hoomaka ae la ia,ʻo kū'ē. MaʻEnelani, koke hoomaka distemper, kekahi o na kumu i i, ua pili i ke alo o Stuart. Ke kipi i ka pau ana o ka 1569 kipi i loko o ke kūkulu'ākau. Ma Pepeluali 1570 ua he papal bipi, i i 1 Elizabeth Tudor Ua hai hewa, a me kona poe kanaka i ua hookuu mai i ka hoohiki ana a hiki i ka Moiwahine. Ua haʻakoi Kakolika, e holo wale aku no. Ka mea, i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o ka'āinapuniʻole Kulanui' loaa kahi ke kahua, a lawe mai i Hui keikikāne, a hoouna aku la i mikionali maʻEnelani laila. Ke kumu o ka papacy ua e hoʻokahuli iā Elizabeth me ke kōkua o nā Palani aoao o lākouʻaʻahu, a naita ma luna o Sepania. Ma ka noho aliʻi i? Aaony no? Mary Stuart.

Hale kanawai, a me ka Queen mau kuhina hoomaka ae la e koi ikaika kanawai e ku e Kakolika, o ka oi aku mikionali. Ridolfi kipi akula lākou iā Elizabeth iʻike i ka 1572. Ka mea, ua hoʻomau ana a me Mary Stuart. Ma hope iho o kēia kipi koi kuhina a me nā parliamentarians e hoopii aku ai i Mary i kipi. Eia naʻe, Elizabeth manaʻo e intervene, no laila, ke hoahewa ia i i hiki mai. I ka hala i kekahi olelo hooholo, e hoʻonele Stewart pono a hiki i ka noho aliʻi oʻEnelani, Elizabeth kau i kona veto.

Nā kahua o nā kāhuna, mai na seminaries mai 1580 i hoomaka ai e hooikaika i ka Jesuits. Spain i ka hookahi makahiki, ua hoohui Portugal. No ka lōʻihi manawa, Elizabeth kōkua ke kipi o ka Netherlands e ku e ia Sepania. Kēia, e like me ia i hana 'ia e na kaua Beritania ma Spanish panalāʻau alakai aku ai i ke kaua.

William ke NU YOKA ka pepehi kanaka. kuikahi Ahahui

Mahope o ka'āina i wehe Throckmorton, i ka 1584, ka mea i ikeia e ia i loko o ka Netherlands, i pepehiʻia e William ke NU YOKA, ka mea i kekahi Hui. English Kalawina i hana ka ai-kapaia Kuikahi Ahahui. Kona kumu hoʻokaulike i ka luku ana o M. Stewart i loko o ka hihia, e ia, he mea kēia ma luna o lākou aliʻi wahine.

Kākoʻo ana i ka Hōlani kipi. Ke hooko Marii Styuart

Ka Make o William ke NU YOKA alakai aku ai i ka mea i ka Hōlani kipi lilo kona alakaʻi. Keia mea, hoʻoikaika iholaʻo Hōlani Queen Elizabeth e hoouna aku ai i ke kōkua o Beritania poʻe hao wale, i kauoha mai ai ma ia Graf Lester. A i loko o ka Akuma ka o 1585. Kēia mea he hamama uao ua tantamount i kekahi hoakaka o ke kaua.

Ka haole Politika Elizavety Tudor 1 'aʻole e hoopii i na. Babington kipi Ua wehe aʻe ia i ka 1586. Kona kumu hoʻokaulike e pepehi Queen Elizabeth, a me ka noho alii ana o Maria. I ka la mahope i loko o ia wahi. Ua kau aku ma luna o ka hookolokolo. E like me ka olelo hooholo aponoia ma ka hale kanawai ma ka 1584-1585 makahiki,ʻo ia ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka make. Ma ka Akuma ka o ka 1586 i wahi ma luna o ka mālama 'ia o ka hale kanawai. He Ua Hoomau pinepine hai, aole e haʻalele i ke koho i Elizabeth lōkahi koi. O Maria i ka hooko Pepeluali 8, 1587.

Ka Spanish Armada

Ka Make o Mary i mālama ai i ka impetus i ka ai-kapaia Hui hana ma luna oʻEnelani. Summer Spanish Armada i ka 1588 i hele mai i loko o ke kai ma ka mea e uhai i ka English'auwaʻa, a, e uhi i ka awa, ma ka mokuna o keia aina o ka Spanish Army. More ma mua o 8 hora kuleana kaua ana. Invincible Armada like me ka hopena ia i pepehi. Ua Ua hoopuehuia lakou, a ma ke ala a hiki i Spain no ka mea, o ka meaʻino, i ae kaumaha ka pōʻino.

'Ana e ku e ia Spain

Ke kaua ma waena o 'Enelani a me Spain ua ole formally hai aku ua, nae, e wehe ae kaua ma waena o na Hawaii hoomau mai. Henry III no, ke alii o Farani, i make i ka 1589. Hope i kauō i loko o ka confrontation ma ka hou alo ia Elizabeth. Ka Hui o ke Kuʻikahi o Farani, i kākoʻo 'ia e Sepania, kū'ē i ka noho alii ana o Henry IV no, na ka maʻamau hoʻoilina. He ua i ka alihi kaua o ka aoao o ka Huguenots. Koroleva Elizaveta kōkua Henry, e kaua aku.

Kēia, ma ka pōkole kuwaho 1 Elizabeth Tudor. I ka papaʻaina, o ka papa, ina ua kokua mai i ka i 'ikepili hou aku concisely. Eia naʻe,ʻo Queen mea i hana hoihoi 'hana i makemake e, e huli i keia hana o ka hōʻike' ike ole. Mākou manaʻo i loko o ka mea ala pono ke olelo, a me ka na Politika Elizavety Tudor 1. Ka papaʻaina iʻaneʻi e e misplaced no hoi. I kekahi mea e pili ana i ka na kālai'āina o ka Moiwahine, a mākou i hai ia. Nui hoʻi kona hoihoi pilina me kona mau kuhina a me courtiers. Mākou e kaumaha aku oe i ka e ike ai me ia.

Nā kuhina a me nā courtiers o Elisabeta

Ke Queen hōʻike nui aloha i kona entourage, a, paha, i ole hōʻike i kekahi mō'ī. 1 Elizabeth Tudor, o kona Kawaihae mea he kauoha i kona halawai kanaka, pakiko-lalau a pau o kona poʻe lawelawe. Uilyam Sesil i ka mua moho. Elizabeth hilinaʻi ma luna ona oi ma mua o kekahi meaʻokoʻa aku. Ma ka helu o nā kumu aʻoaʻo, Queen he: Walter Mayldmey, Frensis Uolsingem, ke keiki a William - Robert Cecil, a me Thomas Smith. O lakou na kanaka o kekahi Kuhina. I loko nō o kēia, Elizabeth i mau i ko lakou mau lede a me ka haku wahine. He mea nui ka mea no ka poe e hoihoi i loko o nā 'ano o ka 1 Elizabeth Tudor.

Ke alii wahine, he okoa na Kuhina a me courtiers. Ke koʻikoʻi loa, na kii a pau: Manuela Hatton, Graf Lester, a me Robert Devereux, Earl o'Eseka. Elizabeth mālama i kekahi mau mea aloof Francis puaʻa a me Walter Rayleigh, no ka mea, i ole paulele kanaka ano, akā, i ke kiʻekiʻe manao o ko lākou pono.

Pilina me Elizabeth Earl o'Eseka

Burley, ka mea i noho ai a hiki 1598, makemake e hoolilo aku i ke keiki a me kaʻoihana o Robert Cecil, i kāna keiki pōkiʻi. He ua nui loa hiki ia oe, akā, i ka physical kīnā o ke kino. Earl o'Eseka, ke keiki aristocrat (Ua hāʻawiʻia ma luna o kona kiʻi), i olelo mai e ku e ia ia. Ma ka hopu ana o Cadiz, i mai ai i ka 1596, oia hoʻolimalima i ka malimali i ka auhau a me ka nani nui. Naʻe, i kona wā i oki ae la ia e kaupalena 'ia koa iʻini ma waho, i ka hou ana o ke kulekele, ka mea, he e komo i loko o ka hakakā me Cecilia.

Elizabeth i ka punahele o'Eseka, he kanaka no nui kaʻume. Ua mahalo i kona ano. Naʻe, i ole pela manawa i ke alii wahine me'Eseka, e kokua ia ia ma ka noho pilikia kālai'āina hoao. I ka noonoo e hoʻolaha upstairs Roberta Sesila, i ka mea ia manawa counteracting'Eseka i loko o ka manao, e lawe mai i ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa nā kūlana hana o ko lākou mau moho. Oia ua i ka Politika Elizavety Tudor 1 ma ka manao o ia kanaka.

A helu o pilikino clashes i hahai aku ma waena o Elizabeth a me kona punahele. Kekahi aliʻi wahine, a kūkulu aʻela i kona pepeiao i kona ukiuki huli hoʻi iā ia, no kona makemake e haʻalele (i loko o kekahi mana, papai aku la ia ia). Ka hoʻoweliweli 'i i kana pahikaua, puana aʻela, i makemake ole tolerate ka hookano, mai kekahi ia ia i kekahi kumuhana,ʻaʻole he kauwa.

1599 ua ka culmination o ka mōʻaukala me'Eseka. A laila, Elizabeth aʻo punahele uhi, hoomaka ae la ka uprising ma Ireland Tyrone. Ma hope o ka loaa ana i ka mea waiwai, mai ke aupuni,ʻo ia i hoʻolohe i olelo ao mai London. 'Eseka i loko o ka hana o ka hana ole, a i ka truce me na kipi. A laila, i ka lea o na kauoha, ka mea, hoi aku la a hiki i Enelani. 'Eseka ke akea hoʻololi i kaʻikena ke aupuni i loko o Pepeluali 1601. He ho'āʻo e hookiekie i ka pau ana o London e kū'ē i ka Moiwahine. 'Eseka Ua kau aku ma luna o ka hookolokolo, a laila, i ma Pepeluali 25, 1601.

Ke kaua ana i ka puritanism

Wahi lulu Politika Elizavety Tudor 1 ua wehewehe aku ma ka mea i ka Queen ua hōʻike ka naueue ole e ku e Puritanism. Ua kauoha mai ai i ka 1583 o ka Archbishop o Canterbury, kā lākou mau papa kuhikuhiE hoa paio - John Vitgifta. Naʻe, ke kue aʻole makemake ole e haawi mai. Kekahi mau hoa o ka clergy hoʻoholo ihola e huli i Presbyterianism. Ua Ua koke hana i ka neʻeʻana o kona pahu hopu i ka make ana o ka episcopate. Puritans hoʻohana hoʻohana 'ole i loko o ka hale o Nā Kāhua a me nā hana kālai'āina levers. Elizabeth e ho'ōla i ke aumeume me ka Hale o Nā Kāhua. A hiki i ka hopeʻumi makahiki o ka noho alii ana o ka Mō'ī Wahine kēia keʻena a makemake aneane wale nō Puritans. Ma ke kaua me Elizabeth mau mp hui. Puunaue ae la lakou me ia i loko o ka manao, aole wale ma luna o ka hoopuka ana o ka mihi ana o ka Ekalesia oʻEnelani, akā, i loko o nā: ka succession o ka pono o ka mare, Hana me M. Stewart.

Pōkole hōʻike o ka noho alii ana o Elizabeth

Tudor noho alii ana o Elizabeth 1 i kekahi o ka loa hōʻeuʻeu manawa i loko o ka mōʻaukala oʻEnelani. Mai ke kinohi mai, Kalawina manaoio aku i ka Moiwahine i mālama Kailua. Ua i, e hana me ka ulu ana maloko, a mawaho olelo hooweliweli, a me na kanaka o ka aloha no ia ia, ulu aʻela, a huli i ka cult no manawa. Wahi lulu, a me na haole Politika Elizavety Tudor 1 Ua kūkākūkā no ka manawa lōʻihi ma hope o kona make ana. A i loko o kēia mau lā 'aʻole e pēlā, maha aʻela pono i loko o ka luna. Feature 1 Elizabeth Tudor me he aka pili aupuni e ho'āla aku lanakila,ʻaʻole wale nō ma waena o kākou poʻe haku moʻolelo akā, no hoi mawaena o na kanaka a puni ka honua.

Elizabeth ka make

Koroleva Elizaveta make ma Richmond Palace, Aia i loko o ke kēia Lādana. Ua make ma March 24, 1603. Loa paha, ma ka hope manawa Elizabeth inoa a kuhikuhi i kona hope. Ka mea, lilo James VI, ke alii o Kekokia (James I oʻEnelani). A i ka rula hope 1 Elizabeth Tudor.

James I

Makahiki o kona ola - 1566-1625. Yakov 1 English lilo ka mua ke aliʻi oʻEnelani, no ko ka Stuartʻana. He hiki i ka noho aliʻi March 24, 1603 James lilo ka mua Auguseto, ka mea ma luna o nā aupuni a aia ma ka Beritania Isles, i ka mea ia manawa. E like me ka hookahi mana, ka United Kingdom ma ia manawa i ole nei. Kekokia, a Enelani, ua mō'ī Hawaii, i i alai ai ia e ka Mō'ī. Ka moʻolelo o ka mea nana i rula ma hope 1 Elizabeth Tudor, mea i emi hana hoihoi ma mua o ka wā o ka noho alii ana o Elizabeth. Akā, i ka i kekahi moʻolelo.