Ernest Hemingway (Ernest Miller Hemingway): Kawaihae a me ka hana (kiʻi)

Ikeia a puni ke ao nei i ka 'Amelika kākau moʻolelo Ernest Hemingway i ka heluhelu ana i ka hapa o ka honua i ka hailona o ka palapala, ai' masterpieces. He palapala iho la i ka mea, ua aoia hoi, ike aku la, haha e pili ana noʻu iho. Paha, no ka mea, na hana o Ernest Hemingway i waiwai, kaiāulu hoihoi a me ka pīhoihoi. Ke kumu o kona novels a me ka pōkole moʻolelo ua ola iho, ma nā mea a pau kona 'ano. Ke akahai o ka hōʻike, conciseness a me keʻano o illusions i loko o nā hana o Hemingway ka pilina a hiki i ka moʻokalaleo o XX kenekulia hou waihoʻoluʻu a me ka waiwai ia. Ma keia 'atikala mākou e ho'āʻo i ka hoʻokahe i ka malamalama i hūnāʻia mai i nā maka o ka mea heluhelu facets o kona makakū ola.

Wā kamaliʻi a me ka adolescence

Ernest Hemingway (Hawaii photo i hoʻolako 'ia e ka kekahi mau manawa o ke ola o ka mea kākau moʻolelo) i hanau ma ka huli ana o ke kenekulia. Ma July 21, 1899. Kona mau makua i noho ai i ka manawa kokoke Chicago, ma ka liʻiliʻi kūlanakauhale i kapaʻia Oak Park. Makua Ernest - Clarence Edmond Hemingway - hana me ke kauka, me kona makuwahine - laua oho hina Holl - i ka wa e ola nei a pau i ka keiki-hānai kapu.

Mai ke kakahiaka kamaliʻi, koʻu makua kāne kanu Ernest aloha o ke ano, me ka manao ana ia ia e hahai mai i loko o kona mau kapuwaʻi - e na sciences maoli a me ka laau lapaau. Clarence pinepine i kana keiki ma ka holo ana o, i hoʻoili aku la ia ia i loko o nā mea a pau ia, ua ike iho. No ka makahikiʻewalu ma ka liʻiliʻi Ernie ike i nā inoa o nā mea a pau na mea kanu, nā holoholona, ka iʻa, manu, i hiki ke loaʻa wale nō i loko o ka Midwest. Ka lua o ke kuko o ka opiopio Ernest i puke -ʻo ia ke noho i hola i loko o ka hale waihona këia mōʻaukala moʻokalaleo a me na hana o Darwin.

Ke keiki ka makuahine i kukulu ai kona manao no ka wā e hiki mai ke keiki - ia i lawe wale puʻe wale akula kēlā iā ia, e pāʻani i ka cello a me ka himeni ana i loko o ka ekalesia papa hīmeni, pinepine i ka lilo o ka schoolwork. Ernest Hemingway hoi kahi i manaoio i ka mea,ʻaʻohe vocal nā mea hiki, no laila,ʻaloʻana i ke ola mele hoʻomāinoino '.

Real pomaikai ua no ka mea'ōpiopio naturalist kauwela hele i ka akau o Hawaii, ma Hemingway i ka neoneo "Uindmir". E Nihi Ka Hele ana ma ka noho malie extraordinarily nani wahi kokoke Lake Vallun, e hiki mai ana no i ua i ka hale 'ohana e noho ana no ka Ernest lealea nui aku ai. 'Aʻohe puʻe wale akula kēlā iā ia, e pāʻani a me ka himeni, oia ua loa noa mai na hassles o ka hale noho. He makemake lawe i ka maunu, a hele aku no ka mea a pau ka lā a hiki i ka moana wai, hoʻopoina e pili ana i ka manawa, e hele ana i loko o na ululaau a me ka hookanikani ana i ka Mauna keikikane, mai ka kokoke kauhale.

Kuko no ka holoholona

Ernest ua oi loa mahana pilina me kona kupuna kāne. Ke keiki makemake e hoʻolohe i ka moʻolelo e pili ana i ke ola ana o ke kanaka elemakule ka waha, he nui ka poe ana i neʻe hope i loko o kona mau hana. I ka 1911, koʻu kupuna kāne i Ernie i ka pu, a me kona makua kāne hoʻolauna pū aku i ke kanaka kahiko i ka pastime - ioioie?. Mai laila, ke kanaka i kekahi kuko i loko o kona ola, aʻo ia ma hope hoolaa aku i kekahi o kona mau moʻolelo mua. Ka hapa nui o ka hana, e lawe i ka hōʻike o ka makua, ao kona kanaka a me ke ola mau hoohihiaia no Ernest. No kekahi manawa lōʻihi ma hope o ka lono kaumaha ka make ana o ka makua (Clarence Edmond Hemingway hana he pepehi anaʻia iā iho i ka 1928), ka mea kākau moʻolelo ho'āʻo e imi i ka wehewehe, akā, iʻaʻole i loaʻa.

sensationalism

Ma hope o ke kula kiʻekiʻe, Ernest i ole hele i ka kulanui, e like me ka makemake na makua, a neʻe i Honolulu, a loaa i ka 'oihana i ka correspondent o ka kūloko Nupepa. He waihoia mai i ka wahi o ke kulanakauhale, i kahi o ka mea, i ke aupuni 'alahao noaioee, i ka papa kuhikuhiE haukapila, a me ka wahi i ku ai makai. Pinepine ma e hana ana i na hora i Ernest i ka hana me ka powa, wahine hoʻokamakama, swindlers, e lilo i ka mea hoike o ke ahi, a me na ulia pakalaki mea,ʻaʻole loa oluolu. Kela a me keia kanaka ke ehuehu o ka hopena o ke keiki,ʻo ia scanned e like X-Ray - kiai no ia, imi e maopopo i nā manaʻo, akä, oiaio o kana hana, hopu iho la i ka lima kolohe 'ana, ano o kana kamailio ana. Ma hope, a pau kēia mau hana a me nā manaʻo nō ia i nā kanaka o kana mau palapala, ai 'hana.

Oiai e hana me ka reporter Ernest Hemingway aʻo i ka papa kuhikuhiE mea - pololei, pono, a concretely ka hoike i ko lakou manao, i nalo i ka hookahi au mamuli. E hoʻolālā i ka maʻa o ka manawa ia i loko o ke kikowaena, a hana i ka palapala, ai 'kaila makemake hope lilo i ke kumu o kona makakū pomaikai. Ernest Hemingway Kawaihae Ua piha o paradoxes, ia i aloha ai i kona 'oihana akā, haʻalele ia i ka makemake haʻalele i ke kaua.

He He hua'ōlelo weliweli "kaua"

I ka 1917, i ka US kūkala i ke komoʻana i loko o ka First World War, 'Amelika nūpepa ka luuluu loa kanaka ui, e mae waleʻaʻahu aliʻi, a hele aku i ke kahua kaua. Ernest a me kona pilialoha ano hiki ole noho indifferent a koke makemake ia e 'ana o kēia hanana, akā, halawai me ka'ā'īʻoʻoleʻa ia'ku, mai na makua a me na kumu ao (i ke kanaka, he ilihune eyesight). Eia naʻe, Ernest Hemingway ua hiki ke hele i ke alo i ka 1918, kākau inoa 'oe i loko o ka poʻe kaua o ka Red Keʻa nāʻaʻa. A pau ke aikane e hele i Milan, ma kā lākou mau mua hana i ho'āpono wale i ka wahi o ka ammunition hola exploded i ka lā ma mua. Ma ka lua o ka lā i hoʻouna i nā'ōpio Ernest i ke alo-laina pa alima i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Sio, akā, ma laila ia i hiki ole ke ike i keia oihana hana - ka hoʻokani pepa a me ka pôhili, aha la oe i hana loa o ka poe koa,ʻaʻole e like me ka hōʻike Man o ke Kaua.

Hāʻawi manawaleʻa e haawi aku ai i ka ambulance 'ana i na koa ma ke kahua kaua, i loko o ka' auwaha, ma hope loaʻa i kona pahu hopu o Ernest Hemingway. "A Aloha i mea Kaua" - he autobiographical hana ma a ka mea kākau i nā mea a pau i ka Emotions a me nā loina i wā o kona olaʻana.

mua ke aloha

I Iulai 1918 i ka Keaukaha opiopio ma ka ho'āʻoʻana, e koe eha ma kekahi sniper pōkā hele mai ma lalo o ka'Aukekulia pū. I kona ua hapa-make i lawe mai ai i ka haukapila, ka mea, uaʻaʻole he ola pokole - Ua uhiʻia i ke kino a pau me ka eha. Wehe i ka iwakalua-eono hakina o ke kino a me ka hana maikaʻi a pauʻeha, kauka hoouna Ernest i loko o Milana, kahi ia auou caiaiai i ka perforated Aluminum kīʻaha o ka iho ma luna o ka prosthesis.

Ma ka Milan haukapila Ernest Hemingway (Kawaihae mai kūhelu kumu keʻae i mea) kana a oi aku mamua o na malama ekolu. Aia la oia me kekahi kahu, a selflessly aloha. Ua lewa lākou pili kekahi i loko o kona puke "A Aloha i ka mea Kaua."

Ohana

Ma Ianuali 1919, Ernest hoi ka hale i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia. He Ua hoʻokipa e like me ka meʻe, ma nā mea a pau o nā nūpepa oe ke ike i kona inoa, ke aliʻi o 'Ikalia i hookoia na koa American Koa kea, a me ka mekala "No ka koa".

Iloko o ka makahiki Hemingway e hoola i eha i loko o ka 'ohana, a ma ka makahiki 1920, ua hoʻoneʻe i Canada, kahi ana i hoomau i kona haʻawina correspondent. Ka nupepa "Toronto Star", ma ka mea āna i hana, haawi mai la i ka reporter ku okoa - Hemingway ua noa e kākau i kekahi mea, akā, no ka uku loaa wale apono ia a paʻiʻia mea. I keia manawa he mea kākau hana i kona mua nui hana - ke kaua, i ka poina a me ka lapuwale veterans, e pili ana i ka stupidity a me ka unruliness mana.

Paris

Ma September 1921, Hemingway hoʻomaka i ka ohana, o kana koho ua he'ōpiopio pianist, Hadley Richardson. Ernest a me kana wahine lawe i ke ola hoʻokahi hou moe - e neʻe i Paris, kahi i loko o ka papa o ke akahele, deliberate study o ka hoʻokumu paʻaʻana o ke kākau 'ana Hone kona mau palapala, ai' akamai. Life ma Paris, Hemingway hōʻike i loko o ka puke "A Moveable ahaaina", i lilo kaulana wale ma hope o kona make ana.

Ernest i ka hana maoli paakiki e hōʻike iā ia iho, a me kana wahine, no laila, hoʻouna aʻelaʻo ia pule i loko o ka nūpepa "Toronto Star" kā lākou palapala. Hou i loaa mai kona freelance reporter ua mea aʻu i makemake, - i ka hōʻikeʻano o ke ola ana o ka poʻeʻEulopa ma ka au mamuli, a me ka embellishment.

I ka 1923, Ernest Hemingway, nona nā moʻolelo heluhelu mua ma na tausani o kanaka, kō ai i ko lakou hoao ana me ka hou hoalauna, a inā pilikia ka haumāna, a hope e haawi aku ai i ka mea heluhelu i loko o kana mau hana. Ka mea kākau i ka pinepine malihini i ka bookshop o kona hoa Ioana Beach. Aia alaila e kaili i ka buke hoolimalima, a ua halawai me na moʻolelo a me nā Artists. Me kekahi o ia (Gertrudoy Stayn, James Joyce) Hemingway, hoomaka ae la ka lōʻihi mehana a me ka pili aloha ma.

iaia

Ka mua ka palapala, ai hana o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, i lawe mai iā ia i kaulana, i kākauʻia e ia i loko o ka manawa mai ka 1926 a hiki i 1929. "A e huli mai i ka la", "na kanaka Lima Women", "ka uwa maila e launa mai i kekahi mea", "kai", "Ka Snows o Kilimanjaro" a, o ka papa, "A Aloha i ka mea Kaua" naʻi i ka naau o 'Amelika poʻe heluhelu. Ua aneane a pau i ike e pili ana i ka mea o Ernest Hemingway. Reviews o kana hana, aole nae i ua kue (kekahi noonoo immensely loea mea kākau, 'ē aʻe - mediocre), akā, ka mea, e hoi hou wahie lehulehu hoihoi i loko o ka hana. Kona mau buke kuai, a heluhelu, a hiki i ka waiwai ulia i loko o ka 'Amelika.

Life ma ka noi

Ernest pinepine neʻe mai wahi i ka wahi, ka hapanui i loko o ke ola ka mea i aloha ai, e hele. No laila, i ka 1930, oia hoʻololi hou i kona wahi i noho ai, i kēia manawa, e noho ana ma Hawaii. Aiaʻo ia mau i ka hana, ka lawaiʻa a me ka imi mea hihiu ana. Ma September 1930, Hemingway loaʻa i loko o ke kaʻa ulia, ma hope i loko o na malama eono e hooponopono i ola.

I ka makahiki 1933, he avid hahai holoholona i hele i ka loa-? Oaony holo ana i East Africa. Aia ka mea, ua hoano e ka hailona ana: i ka holomua paio me ka holoholona hihiu, a me ka maʻiʻaʻai ana i kaumaha nā mea palahēhē a debilitating lōʻihi-makahiki lapaau. Kona nā manaʻo o ia wā o kona olaʻana, ua kākauʻia i loko o ka buke i kapaia "Ka Green Hills o Africa".

Au hiki ole noho i loko o kekahi wahi Ernest Hemingway. Kawaihae no ka mea kākau moʻolelo kekahi mau 'ike i ka mea hiki ole noho indifferent i ka Spanish Kanawai Kaua , a hele aku ma laila i ka wa i hiki mai i kekahi manawa. Aia lilo iho la oia i screenwriter o ka Documentary ho film e pili ana i ke kaua ma Madrid ma lalo o ka inoa "Land o Sepania."

I ka 1943, Ernest Hemingway hoi aku la i ka journalisticʻoihana kahuna, a hele i London, e uhi i nā hanana o ka Apana World War. I ka makahiki 1944, ka mea kākau i ke komo pū o loko o ka hakakā poe mikanele ma Hawaii, alakai aku la oia i ka poe o Farani partisans, ka mea bravely kaua ma luna o kēia kahua kaua ma Pelekiuma a me Farani.

I ka 1949, Hemingway neʻe hou - keia manawa i Cuba. Aia i hanau i kana 'oi puke - "The Old Man, a me ka Sea", no ka mea, i ka mea kākau moʻolelo i i hookoia ka Pulitzer a me Nobel waiwai pio:.

I ka 1953, Ernest hou embarks i ka hele ana a hiki i Aferika, i moe i loko o ka nui kui.

Ka lono kaumaha hope o ka moʻolelo

Ma waho aʻeo ia i ka mea kākau i loko o ka makahiki hope o kona ola, waiho wale mai o na mea he nui physical illnesses, e ae ana i ka hohonu kaumaha. He mau manaʻo i ka FBI konohiki e kiai ana ia ia i kona kelepona i 'enehana hou, palapala heluhelu, a me ka kae buke i mau kulana kupono. No ka iapaau ana o Ernest Hemingway, ua hoouna ia i ke psychiatric? Aaieou, kahi āna i limanui aku paʻa heʻumikumamākolu kau o electroconvulsive Inc. Ua alakai aku ai i ka mea i ka mea kākau moʻolelo i nalowale i kona hoomanao ana a me ka mea hou hiki ke hana i ke ahiahi nui ano hoomainoino i kona kulana.

A mau lā ma hope o hookuuia mai o ka haukapila i loko o kona hale ma Ketchum, Ernest Hemingway pana aku la ia ia ia iho me ka pu. 50 makahiki ma hope o kona make ana ka mea i hoike ia lakou ma ka hoomaau Mania ua ole groundless - i ka mea kākau moʻolelo maoli ke akahele ua hoʻonānā.

Ka nui kākau moʻolelo Ernest Hemingway, i nā kaha puana'ī ua manawa ike ma ka naau, miliona o kanaka a puni ka honua, e noho ana i ka pilikia akā, olinolino a me ka mumulu mai ke ola. e noho mau loa aku i kana mau olelo akamai a me ka hana i loko o ka naau a me ka uhane o ka poʻe heluhelu.