Hydrochloricʻakika: physico-Nine Inch ka waiwai, o ka la hoomalolo a me ka hoʻohana '

I kia hydrochloricʻakika ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka mea lāʻau lapaʻau Ka Ikepili, no ka pākōlea hana ua hoʻohana dilute. I State Pharmacopeia i kūikawā papa me ka i, e hooholo i ka pakenekaʻakika maʻiʻo o ka koʻana koko pāʻoihana. E hana i kēia, e pono e ike i kona kekahi umekaumaha.

E ho ohana i mau papa, e hiki nani oluolu, e kaha i ka lehulehu o kaʻakika pāʻoihana. ʻike mau (i pololei lawa)ʻakika pāʻoihana hiki e koke hoomakaukau ka hoʻohana 'ana, he pono ole ano. No ka laʻana, hydrochloricʻakika i kekahi mau 'umekaumaha o 1,19, a laila i loaʻa ka 37% HC1. Kuhi i ka mea i pono, e hoomakaukau 100 ml o 10%ʻakika. E hana pela, e ka AYEIE ke ano: i loko o kēlā 100 māhele ma ke kaupaonaʻana o ka loaʻa HC1 na 37 māhele o ka hydrogen koloriside. No ka mea, ua pono, e hoomakaukau i ka 10% pāʻoihana, ka mea e komo he umi māhele no haneri paona wahi o ka pāʻoihana.

Nolaila, ma keia hihia X - mea he waiwai a e hoike i ka nui o ka lawe māhele ma ke kaupaonaʻana o ka 37 pakeneka pāʻoihana ia, nāu me ka wai a hiki i 100 mau wahi ma ke kaupaonaʻana, e loaa 10% pāʻoihana:

100-37

X-10

X = 100 * 10/37 = 27 māhele ma ke kaupaonaʻana.

Hydrogen koloriside - muli o kona kulanaʻawahia waiwai a hiki i eha nei'ā e like me ka mea a pau meaola kaʻawahia. E like me ka antidote no kaʻapu kōheoheo HC1 hoʻohana magnesia. E neutralize kaʻakika hiki ke hoʻohana pū a me ka soapy wai,ʻawa holoholona charcoal, waiu, na Hoamakeikekula waiwai.

Intoxication nāʻakika ma ka waha e ole e hoakaka ia emetics, e like me ka hana ana o ka lāʻau i loko i loaʻa ka mekala 'åkilikai carbonated. Inā holoi iho la i kaʻapu kōheoheo'ōpū i me copious dala o ka wai me kaʻimi. Good hualoaʻa i loaa mai ma ka pepa i ka wai, e makanekiuma'okesaside huikala. Ma ke alo o ka mawaho'ā nāʻakika, kauka waiho aku i kekahi wahi o ka make no ka manawa lōʻihi, e holoi i ka wai. Kahua puhi a ua huikalaʻia kona anapuni me ka maemae ethanol, a laila, hoʻokō i ka slurry o ka paʻakai bicarbonate, a ma luna o ka mea - ka waiʻona gauze.

Hydrogen koloriside mea pono wailana i loko o ka wai. At 0 C ͦ kekahi buke o ka wai hoike mai haneri puke o ke kinoea. I lāʻau lapaʻau, ka hana, a hiki i loko o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ke aupuni, ua nui pinepine hoʻohana hydrochloricʻakika. Kona haʻilula ua poe ma ka hydrogen a me ka Halo - C1.

HC1 hoʻomākaukau i loko o ke kumu o Nine Inch hana hlorovodorodistogo o ke kinoea hoʻokemuʻia ma ka wai. Koloriside, hydrogen ua hua mai ma ka reacting sulfuricʻakika me ka paʻakai koloriside.

maemae hoʻokolohua

Aia nō kekahi mau koi:

- hydrochloricʻakika i loko o kona haku mele 'ana, aole ia i apo ia kaumaha metala paʻakai, nitric, nitrous a me sulphurous nāʻakika, noa chlorine a me ka arsenic;

- Ke aeia'ku nei ia wale mailuilu haalele ko läkou 'o ka hao paʻakai, noa C1 impurities hiki ke weheia ma ka naoh: C12 + 12 + 2K1-2KS1;

- no ka mea, o ka manao paa o impurities o sulfurousʻakika hoomakaukau pāʻoihana o ka iodine ma potasiuma iodide anakahi - paʻakai pia i ka uliuli kala like 'ole o ka pāʻoihana ma ke alo o sulphurousʻakika ua maloo i loko o 30 kekona

- nui koena ma luna o ke omoāea 10 nā huna o kaʻakika e ole oi 0,01 pakeneka (mea pōhaku impurities).

Ke laupaʻi Ka Ikepili lawe mai ma ka titration me ka paʻakai hydroxide pāʻoihana ma ke alo o ka metoʻalani anakahi. HC1 ae maʻiʻo maʻakika 24,8-25,2%.

Hydrochloricʻakika ua komo i loko o ka haku mele 'ana a me ka liluwelo fluids. No ka laʻana, ma gastric wai, kona lehulehu mea mai ka 0.5%, ka mea, e kokua i ka uhai ia nā polokina. Dilute HC1 (8.2%) ka wā lawelawe, maloko, haʻalele no ka huli ana o ka pepsinogen (proenzyme) i loko o pepsin, hoʻokāʻoi aʻe ana i ka secretory hana o na pancreas, ka paipai 'ana i ka neʻeʻana o ka'ōpū Contents i ka naʻau liʻiliʻi. Ua hōʻike he antibacterial hookoia ma ka pili ana i ka vegetative a me ka spore microflora. Kēiaʻakika Ua lawelawe hōʻike waha no ka hoemiia kaʻakika, no ka omo ma ka iapaau ana o ka hao deficiency anaemia.