Luku - He aha ka keia? Ano o ka hoʻololi iho a me ko lakou mau hiʻona

Ka hua'ōlelo "luku" i Lakina kumu ae. Literally, i kēia makahiki hoʻi, "luku." Maoli, ma ka palahalaha pono, he luku - he 'aʻe' ana i ka pono o ka mea maʻamau 'ole a me ka pepehi. Kēia ho'ākāka 'ana hiki ke maopopo haka. No ka laʻana, ua hiki ke olelo aku i ka luku - mea he pulakaumaka 'ole ke keʻena (s) o ka hana, a me ka kanaka psyche, me ka kŘpuna Andaman a me nā kanaka a mau ukana paha. Where a pehea kēia manaʻo ua, ua hoʻohana 'ia? About keia - hope o ka pauku.

kekahi mau 'ike

I ka loiloi mua manaʻo o ke alo aku o ke kanaka koa, a hehee wale i ka mea luku pulakaumaka ma mawaho mea ole ia ia iho, i hanaʻia i loko o kahiko pili kūpono loa, kālaiʻike, ka hoʻomana. Këia mau manaÿo mea a laila loaa kekahi ulu ana i loko o nā kula. Ma ka 20th kenekulia ka mea, ua pio ka polokalamu kekahi hōʻano ka naauao. He nui noiʻi ke kaila kēia kēia a hiki i kaʻike manaʻo likeʻole i loko o kēia hui, psychoanalytic pilikia, okoa kaiapili au i na ino. Mau nīnūnē e 'ano pili' ole kekahi mau thinkers o ka manawa. Iwaena o lakou, Jung, Freud, Fromm, manoanoa hoi, Reich a me nā theorists a me nā loea.

Hana ana i na kanaka ha awina

He aha ka i ka make ana o ke kanaka i loko o ka 'oihana kula? Ma ke kaʻina hana o ka hana hana ia i ka loli o ke kanaka i kanaka. Aoao, ma ka kekahi lima, ka poʻea pau i ke ana a me ka ho okumu ana o kanaka. Ma ka mea 'ē aʻe, ka workflow luku ia ma luna o ke kanaka i loko o nā kino a me ka manaʻoʻike ano. Penei, ka mea hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka wahine paha, hou 'ia lŘlŘ ma kaʻaoʻao e kū pono ana i kekahi i kekahi. Ma o ka wahi o ka 'oihana kūpono' ana o ka loa ka hoʻokō hana i ka poe e he hoʻonui i ka hooikaika ana i ka mua manao au i loko o ka ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o ka lua o ka palena iki. 'Oihana hoʻololi iho i ke kiʻekiʻe o loaa io loli i kanaka a me ka aoao o ke ola. O kŰia ia lŘlŘ like me ka hopena o monotonous ka ia 'ano o ka hana i ka hooloihi ae i wā. E like me ka hopena, i hana hua'ōlelo i hana e like ai. Ka mea, he hoʻonui i ke ana a me ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i ka manaʻoʻike crises a me ka hoʻopilikia. O ia ka leo i ka 'oihana i loko o ke kula o ka make.

lapaau

Ma kekahi mau hihia, i ka luku nui keʻano o ka hanaʻana ke hoʻonui i ka hoʻopau o kekahi adverse hanana. Ma kekahi, ua hookoia ua malamaia ma ka laau lapaau. Ke luku hiki e maikaʻi kēia? O kŰia ua kauoha ae la ia e ka ka noonoo e pili, no kekahi laʻana, ma ka gynecology. Ma ka iapaau ana o nā pathologies, kauka hoʻohana okoa ki ina hana like. Kekahi o ia mea i ka Radio-alapine (frequency) ka make. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia ma ka maʻi e like me cysts ma ka vaginal pā, warts, ka'aʻaiawā, dysplasia. Radiowave cervical luku mea he painless a me ka poe ola, ala i ka hopena ma luna o ka loli ana o wahi. Kēia hana o ka hana maikaʻiʻole o pathologies hiki e paipai i nulliparous wahine.

oncology

maʻi he nui pū 'oe me'aʻaʻa luku. Oia maʻi nā maʻi 'aʻai, a. Kekahi mau neo mea heʻeho (sarcoma) Ewing. Kēia aeea a iwiʻeho. Kēiaʻeho mea ikepili koʻikoʻi i ka pāhawewe. I e like me nā malignancies keia pathology ia lŘlŘ i loko o ka kŘpa a'ōpio wale nō, ma waena o 10th a me 20th na makahiki. Pu ma ka haanou ana mai o ka loli ana o ka lala iwi, akā, hiki i hoʻomōhala i loko o nā wahi. Neoplasm nā densely hoonohonoho ua hoʻokōʻia keena. Ka loa ano symptoms nā nani a me ka palupalu. Sarcomaʻokoʻa nā mea kū i ka nui hoi o ka makana, a ma kekahi mau hihia uhi ka holoʻokoʻa kikowaena oihana o na iwi lōʻihi. Ma ka radiograph ka hoʻohuli ai i nā 'āpana' aʻole e nana like i lohe nui me ka mea i loko o ka lanakila. Me ke kōkua o MRI a me HI i paa ma na palena o ka pathology. I ka maʻi ua pu ma lytic iwi luku. Ua loli Ua manaoia e ia i ka loa ano o keia maʻi. Eia naʻe, aia nō i loko o kekahi hihia, a "bulbous" mau papa o ka iwi, i hanaʻia ma lalo o ka periosteum. It E e kaulana i muaʻikepili loli no i ka Classic lapaʻau symptoms. ʻike, pono e nānā 'ana i biopsy. O ke kumu ho i ka mea ana i like kumu o ka X-Ray hiki e malama aku ai i ke kāʻei kua o nā iwi hikoko malignancy. Lapaau komo ai i ka hoʻohana 'ana o kekahi mau pu malu ana o ka pāhawewe, chemotherapy aʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau' ana i kūpono. I ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka luna' o pākōlea ana eliminates ka pathology o ka oi ma mua o 60% o nā mea maʻi me iniiaiie kūloko ano o Ewing ka sarcoma.

Nine Inch luku

O kŰia hiki e malama ma lalo o ka aoao o nā konohiki. Ma kekahi, mau nā wai, oxygen, waiʻona mai ke kino, nāʻakika, a me na mea e ae. Ke physical hopena, a hiki i hana like me ka luku Agena. No ka laʻana, i waena o ka loa hanohano i e hoike ia ionizing pāhawewe, malamalama, wela, me mechanical ikehu. Nine luku - he kaʻina hana ia i wahi ole selectively hoakaka physical hopena. Keia mea aie a hiki i ka pili koke ana o ka ikaika 'ano o nā mea a pau pili iā Kamehameha.

Hoʻololi iho o polymers

Kēia kaʻina ua manaoia e ia i ka loa? Anoee i ka lā. Ma keia hihia, ke selectivity malamaʻike manaʻo. Ke kaʻina ua pu ma ka rupture o ke kalapona-heteroatom paa. luku hopena ma keia hihia o ka lātoma. Nui nui ia'ku i Nine Inch Luna malama i kalapona-kalapona hoopaa. Ma keia hihia luku - he kaʻina hana hiki wale ma lalo o stringent rula paha i loko o ke alo o kaʻaoʻao pūʻulu e ho'ēmi i hoopaa ikaika ka papa kuhikuhiE kaula hui.

Mea Maluna

E like me ka ano o ka hoʻololi iho huahana hookaawaleia i depolymerization a me ka luku ma huikau. Ma ka hope hihia, e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana i mea i ka inverse o ka polycondensation naoh. I loko o ia splinters i hanaʻia nona Ana i ÿoi aku ma mua o ka monomeric pa alima. Ke depolymerization kaʻina ua manao iho la oia e ana sequentially detaching mai ke kaula lihi monomers. Ma nā hua'ōlelo, ka naoh i wahi, ka mea e ku pono ana pilina o nā loulou ma ka polymerization. Kēia mau 'ano o ka hoʻololi iho hiki i hoʻomaka ai ka poʻe a kaawale. Kaawale mai kēia mau, paha i ke kolu o kŰia. Ma keia hihia, e pili ana i ka make ana o ka poe ikaika ole loulou i ka makana ma ka waena konu o ka macromolecule. Ma ke kaʻina hana o ka luku e kaulele huina ia lŘlŘ lawa ka kokololio kulu ma ka pīlali hakakino kaumaha. I ka depolarization o keia kanawai, ua nui ke kua'āina. No ka laʻana, polymethyl methacrylate me he hakakino kaumaha o 44.000, ke degere o ka polymerization o ke koena waiwai i kokoke kŰlń a hiki i ka manawa, i ka wa o ka depolymerization i hala 80%.

thermal hoʻololi iho

I ka rula o ka hui e ku e splitting ma lalo o ka wela e ole oko mai hydrocarbonʻuʻina, ke kaulaʻano papa hana i ua hoʻonohoʻia me ka loa oiaio. I kulike ai me ka Nine Inch 'ole o nā polymers ua nānā' ia e lākou ia'ku, e hoʻa'ā i, o ka uku o ka palaho, a me nā 'ano o nā huahana i hanaʻia i loko o ke kaʻina. Keʻanuʻu mua, nae, e mau ia i ke kahua o ka noa radicals. Mahuahua ka naoh accompanies he decoupling kaapuni, a me ka emi ma hakakino kaumaha. Haʻahaʻa ke'ākoʻakoʻa ma disproportionation a recombination o noa radicals. Ma keia hihia, no ka loli ana o fractional 'ole ke hana, ke kahua o nā māhele, a manamana ai hale, a i ikea papalua paa ana ma nā wēlau o nā macromolecules.

'Ona mea e pono ai i ka uku o ke kaʻina

Ma thermal hoʻololi iho, like me kekahi kaula naoh hoʻonui ia lŘlŘ ma ka lilo ana o eiiiiiaiou hiki i hiki wawe ka disintegrate i loko o noa radicals. Deceleration ua i kaulana i loko o ke alo o nā hui i nā acceptors. Ke'ōlelo mai, no ka laʻana, hoomahuahua i ka huli ana ana ma lalo o ka aoao o ka laholio kaulana azo a me ka diazo ke keʻena. Ma hahana maoli nō kēia i nā polymers ma ke ana wela mai ka 80 a hiki i 100 degere me ke alo o kēia mau initiators wale ia hoʻololi iho. Me ka hoʻoulu lehulehu o ka hui i loko o ka pāʻoihana ua predominant intermolecular reactions alakai i ka gelation a me ke kahua o ka māhele 'ole. Ma ke kaʻina hana o ka thermalʻuʻina o polymers pu me ka ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o kaʻawelike hakakino ke kaupaonaʻana, a me ka mall loli ua malama depolymerization (cleavage lātoma). I ka wela o ka oi ma mua o 60 degere i ka wa a ka aeie decomposition o meto methacrylate ma ke alo o ka benzoyl peroxide kaulahao kaʻoi loa terminates ma disproportionation. E like me ka hopena, ka hapalua o na nā lātoma e i ka maʻi papalua hoopaa. Ma keia hihia, ua lilo ka nohoaliʻi i ka nahā i macromolecular hoopai emi ma mua o ka paʻa kūhohonu loa lātoma, ke ho'ā hope ikehu.