Pechenegs - keia mea ... ka pio ana o ka Pechenegs

Litmus hoao ana a mākou i ke hooholo i ka ho omaka ana o na kanaka - i ka 'ōlelo. Pecheneg'ōlelo e pili ana i ka Turkic ohana, i ka loaʻa o keʻano o ka Media, mai Tureke a hiki i Siberia a me Central Asia. Ma nā mea a pau keia he mea he nui kaiāulu o ka liʻiliʻi subgroups. Ma ka hihia o keia pechenegy Oguz 'ōlelo, i ka i ana i ua hoalii mai ia. Ike keia, ua hiki ke pohihihi mai lākou pili o kona hanauna.

me Kinohi Pechenegs

Hoahanau Pechenegs i Oguz - i kekahi nomads poe i kaʻeleu loa i loko o ke kahua o nā lāhui kanaka o Central Asia. Pechenegs - keia mea i ko lakou kokoke hoalauna, ua hoʻoholo ihola e neʻe i ke komohana o ka Volga steppes. Kapaia kekahi mau kumu. Paha ka mea, ua he tribal inainaʻole, e like me mea aniau loli ma ka kaianoho koholā, a me maloʻo, i ke ano o ka emi ka nui nā kumu waiwai.

Kekahi aoao ai kekahi, akā, i ka hui ana o ka ohana neʻe ma ke komohana. Ua hiki i ka pau ana o ka IX kenekulia, e like i ka hanana o Central East Slavic moku'āina. No keia kumu, i ka malihini i hele ai i ke kūkulu'ākau, a hoomau iho la oia i ko lakou hele ana a hiki i ke komohana, i hiki i ka mokuna me Pulakalia a me Byzantium. New hoalauna Noho ma na steppes o ka Black kai, ma o ka ?? eoi? O kēia Ukraine.

I loko nō kona Turkic aʻa, na nomads e ho'ōla loaa kekahi Caucasoid hiʻona. Penei, wā koi i na kanaka o na steppes oʻeleʻele-piʻipiʻi, a kahi aʻela i ko lākouʻumiʻumi, a mai Kiev ma ka halawai ana me ia hiki wawe ka OIeAAeO ~ i loko o ka ÿaha kanaka. Mau olelo, he mau mea kaʻu contradictory, akā, ka mea, ua hiki a me ka ia, o ka oi aku ia oe i noonoo i ka hehi hopeʻana kaua i like na haiawahine kūloko nā kupa.

Ke ano o ka pili aloha ma waena o Rusia a me nomads

Mai ka outset, ka Pechenegs a me ka Rus i ka loaʻaʻana a me ka poe enemi. Lakou no i okoa maikai ana, ke awawa o ka hoomanaʻokoʻa ma waena o lākou. Eia hou, koe pu ia mau kapa hoʻohanohanoʻia e kaua ana. A ina Rusia e ho'ōla loaʻa iā ia kekahi o nā hiʻona o kēia moku'āina i hoʻolako iho, a no ia mea, hiki ole hoouka kona hoalauna me ka manao e pono ai, kona hema mau hoalauna, a ua ma ke ano maoli nomads, e alakai i ka hapa-makaainana ala o ke ola.

Pechenegs - keia mea ka e hiki mai ana ka nalu, e hoolei mai i ka hawaiian steppes. Ma HawaiianʻEulopa, ua ha i pâʻani mai cyclically mau haneri makahiki. Mua ka mea, ua ka Huns i kā lākou poʻe Polenekia ia i ka hoʻomaka o ka Neʻekau Nui. A hiki aku la ia i Europa, ua waiho lakou i ka makau i loko o ka oi makaainana lāhui kanaka, akā, e ho'ōla nalowale. Ma ko lakou hele ana a hiki i ka wā e hiki mai, hele Slavs, a Magyars. Naʻe, ka mea e hoʻokele e ola a hiki i ka noho, a noho i ka hoakaka ?? eoi? Ee.

Slavs, i waena o nā mea a pau, lilo i kekahi ano o ke "kanaka palekaua" maʻEulopa. Lakou mau i ka brunt o ka hou mau poʻe a pau. Pechenegi ma keia ano - pono i kekahi o na mea he nui. Hope ma kā lākou wahi e hele mai i ka Cumans, a ma ka XIII kenekulia - ka Mongols.

Kona piko a me ka hehi e noho ana, ua paa ole wale na aoao elua, akā, i loko o Constantinople. Byzantine i Emperor kekahi manawa, ho'āʻo i ka lua hoalauna. Ma ka papa heʻokoʻa kāu kiʻina hana: he gula, olelo hooweliweli, assurances o ka hoaaloha.

Ka mua clashes ma waena o nomads a me Slavs

Pechenegs a me ka Rus 'mua pilikia i loko o ke kaua, ka wā nomads hooukaia mai ka Kievan aliʻi Askold. Mau mea, ua ulu i kamailio ia e kekahi mau moʻolelo, akā,ʻaʻohe mea e hoole i ka oihana koa confrontation me ka malihini, mai na steppes o Prince Igor i loko o 915 a me 920. Ma keia manawa i ka Aupuni i hoopomaikai io Rurik i Novgorod, mai kahi ana i hele mai.

Me ia nui i ka nui o nā kumu waiwai a me kanaka, Rusia ua hiki ke pale aku i ka hae o ka nomads, mai ke kūkulu hema. I ka keiki Igor - Svyatoslav - Goga kekahi manawa e kaua ana ma konaʻaoʻao like mercenaries laʻana ku e Byzantine. Naʻe, ka Union i loa Ua ikaika. A pau o ka ia, Svyatoslav i pepehiʻia e Pecheneg poʻe hoʻohālua ma ke Dnieper rapids, ma hope o Ioann Tsimiskhy Khan i kaumaha aku i ka puu o ke gula.

Ka flowering hehi

Ma kēlā mau makahiki i ka nomadic kuikahi ihoiho kona piko. Mahalo i ka paipai aʻo kai eʻe o ka Slavs Khazars haule iho la. Ano, ma lalo Volga kaawale, a nolaila koke iā Goga, ua mau lakou. Ke kaua Pechenegs ke ole ola, a he mau panalāʻau o Slavs ma waena o ka muliwai Dniester a me Prut, ma ka mea manawa Moldova. About quasi ma na outskirts o Europe i lohe hoalauna,ʻaʻole wale nō koke, akā, i ka Hui mō'ī o ke aupuni i loko o ke komohana, a me ¶ʻO'Araba kaʻahele.

A lohe o Vladimir ka Red Sun confrontation ma waena o nā koaʻelua, i hele mai me ka loli iki ana degere o ka pomaikai. Ma kekahi, Trubezh 993 makahiki lanakila i ka Haku, oiai ma ka 996, ma lalo o Vasilyeva Slavs i make. Vladimir i ole hoouna wale kaua i loko o ka mokuna wahi. He mua hoʻohana i ka hana o ke kukulu ana i na hale aliʻi ma luna o ka mokuna a me ka hehi, a me ke kōkua o ke neaiaea kukui i koke hai aku i hiki Kyiv o ka pōʻino e hiki mai. Eia hou kekahi, ua hanaia'ku na mau pua i ahulau, nomads pū me na ohana holoholona, a pela puʻe wale akula kēlā iā lākou, e hele ana i ke kūkulu hema.

Komo i loko o ka hakaka ana ma Rusia

Ma hope iho o ka make ana o ka Bapetite o Rusia ma ka na'lii a hoomaka ae la ka paio ma waena o kāna mau keiki kāne. Nomads me mercenaries e noho ana i loko o ke kaua ma kaʻaoʻao o Svyatopolk ka hoohewaia oia, a i ole loaʻa ka dirtiest ki ina hana like, a me ke kipi pepehi kanaka o na hoahanau. E like me ka inoa o ka fanatic, i ka hua'ōlelo "Pechenegs" nō ia lŘlŘ like me ka hua'ōlelo'ālike no barbaric kolohe.

Svyatopolk ana ua hee o. He hele mai i ka mana Yaroslav Mudry. Pechenegi ka wā e bothered Rusia no ka mea hope manawa. I ka 1036 ho'āʻo ka mea, e pua ia Kiev unarmed, akā, i pepehiʻia e ka poe koa o ka Luna Nui Duke ikea ma ka manawa o ka.

Polovtsian hoʻoweliweli

Ma hope o kekahi mau make ai ma Slavs wahi Pechenegs lilo na olelo hooweliweli au. I ka XI kenekulia i loko o Rusia, hoomaka ae la ke au o ke kahua o nā poʻokela, a me ka hakina luna he nomads ma ka lima. Naʻe, i kēia manawa, he hou iā Goga iʻikeʻia i loko o ka hikina. O lakou na Cumans (i loko o kekahi mau kumu me Cumans ole Kipchaks). Ka mea, kipaku o ka mea nona kahiko o ka Black Sea steppes, mai ko lakou mau nohoalii. Ua mea hoi nui i ka mea hou nomads i lawe mai i ko lakou kahiko manaoio - Hoʻomana Mohameka. Kekahi mau ali maliuia mai ia, kekahi, ma ka mea ku ole, hoole mai. Oia unamunamu hiki ole hele i ka pomaikai o ka hoao ana.

Cumans a Pechenegs he ethnically pili. Ua pau i ka Turkic kanaka. Naʻe, i kēia i ole inaina, a hoʻolilo i kekahi o na aoao elua. Cumans a Pechenegs ua kaiʻewaʻewa ma ka ikaika like ma kaʻaoʻao o ka hou iā Goga poe maluhiluhi ole replenishment o Asia, oiai ka Union kahiko i loohia mai ka ikaika kaua me nā hoalauna ikaika.

Ka hope hopena

Hoʻoneʻe nomads hele aku la i ka Balkans paha ma Hungary, ma assimilated me ka kūloko heluna, a oki i ka nei me ke kaʻawale aupuni. Naʻe, i kēia mea wale nō kekahi o nā kumu o ka Hawaii.

E like me kekahi kumumanaʻo, Pechenegs - kēia mea i nā kūpuna o ka Gagauz e ola ana i loko o Moldova a me Orthodox. I ka XI kenekulia, i ka poe a pau i noho i loaʻa i loko o kekahi mau kumu. No ka laʻana, ka mea komo i loko o nā kaua e ku e ia Byzantium, Seljuk. I ka hope 'inoʻino loa i kena ae la i ka Turkic ohana i ka 1091, ka wā i nā pā o Constantinople, ka Auguseto hoʻokahi o ka poe koa, a me ka Polovtsy luku aggressors. I ka make ana o ka Pechenegs ua piha a me ka paʻa. Ka hapa nui o ia i kekahi i lohe i kekahi mea.

Aka hoi, i ka hoomanao ana o ka hehi noho wa e ola ana mawaena o na kanaka no ka lōʻihi manawa. No laila, ua i loko o 1380, ma ke kaua o Kulikovo, meʻe Chelubey i ka hoʻomaka 'ana i ke kaua me kā lākou mau Reuʻela,ʻo ia,ʻo ia i ka inoa o kakaolelo "Pecheneg".

aoao o ke ola

Hehi, like paha e manaʻo,ʻano nui komo i loko o nā holoholona? Aneii a nāki me kā lākou holoholona. Ka pono no keia poe a pau na rula, e like me ka mea tribal kuikahi aia i loko o ka nui makahiki. Kūloko hoʻoluku ua like. Aia he mau nui nā pūʻulu. Mua ma waena o Dnieper a me Volga noho, akā, i ka lua o ka auwana ma waena o Rus a me Pulakalia. I kela a me keia o ia ma laila, he kanaha la, kela waina. Na He kokekau wale waena o na aina tribal ua Dnepr, ka poe i pili i loko o ka hehi ana o komohana a me ka hikina.

Ke poo o ka ohana i koho ma kekahi mau halawai. I loko nō o ka moolelo o ka helu balota, makua ili ka hapanui keiki.

hoolewa ana

Pecheneg hulikoehana ioauoa poe e uuku puʻu. I ka make i ka manawa a huli aʻela kona poʻo i ke komohana. E like me ka rula, ua kanuʻia i ke kanaka me kona lio. No laila, ma ka puu, he okoa na kanaka iwi, he mea no hoi lio. Oia hoomana o ke kūmau no ke kaiāulu, e alakai i ka nomadic ola.

¶ A i loko o ka lua kupapaʻu, a haʻalele i nāʻano o nā Nā Kia, ili kekahi me ka uku 'ole e like me ka hoʻouku (pepeiao, Jewelry a me ke gula malihini o ka Byzantine coinage). Pechenegi - ia mea i ka mea nona ka weliweli arsenal. Nolaila, pu me na koa kanu mea kaua. Nō kāu, keia saber (saber).

I koe i loaʻaʻano nui ma luna o ka mokuna o Ukraine. loa pinepine ka Russian Pecheneg barrows i loaʻa i loko o ka Volgograd māhele 'āina.