Rzhev-Sychevskaya hana: nā pahuhopu, nā hopena, ka hopena, nā pohō. He aha nā kumu maoli o ka hana hewa Rzhev-Sychev?

'O ka hana Rzhev-Sychevskaya kekahi o kēlā mau hana'ino, a ua noho mālie nā mea kākau mo'olelo Soviet. 'A'ole kūpono ke kama'ilio e pili ana, no ka pau'ole o ia. Ho'oka'awale'ia ka hana Rzhev-Sychevskaya i loko o ka hana Hana mua a me ka'elua. 'O lākou e pili ana i kēia'atikala.

'O ka hana mua Rzhev-Sychevskaya i ka makahiki 1942 (Iune 30-'Okakopa 1): ka pahuhopu

'O ke kumu o ka hana ho'omāinoino,'o ia ka hopena o ka'Āmani Kelemānia 9, Kolonelā V. V. Ho'ohālike, pale pale i Rzhev a me Vyazma. Ma hope o ka ho'onāukiuki ikaika o ka po'e Soviet i ko mākou kelepona, ua lanakila'o Stavka i ka euphoria lanakila. Me he mea lā ua like ka hopena hope o ka ho'oili kaua. A mai ka makahiki 1942 ua ho'omaka ko mākou pū'ali koa i ka hana'ino, a ho'opau i nā lanakila a pau o ka hopena o ka makahiki 1941. 'O ka hana Rzhev-Sychevskaya kahi ho'omau o ka hana mua, hana Rzhev-Vyazma i ka punawai o 1942. I ka hopena, ua lilo i kahi 700 mau kānaka.

Ua hana'ia ka Rzhev-Sychev i ka hana hewa ma nā hana o nā'ao'ao'elua, i hana'ia ka hana Rzhev-Vyazma: Kalinin, alaka'i'ia e Colonel General-I. S. Konev a me Zapadnoye ma lalo o ke kauoha a ke Koa Nui G. Zhukov. 'O ka mea hope i kuhikuhi i ka hana.

E ho'olālā

'O ka mana'o o ke kolohe'o ia e ho'opuni i ka hui'ana o ka Modèle me nā'ao'ao'elua. Aia ma ka'ao'ao hema ka Kalinin Front ma ka'ao'ao Rzhev, ma ka'ākau - ke Komohana ma ke alaka'i Sychevsky.

No ka hopena o kēia hana, ua mana'o ka pū'ulu Soviet e ki'i iā Rzhev, Zubtsov, Sychevka, Gzhatsky, Vyazma. Ma hope o kēia, ua hiki ke ho'okūpa'a ikaika i ka manawa o Volga a kokoke i ko Germans ke kuhikuhi a Stalingrad a me nā māla Caucasian.

Nā Components o ka hana

Ho'oka'awale'ia ka papahana nui i loko o kekahi mau wahi o ka waena:

• 'O Rzhevskaya - alaka'i'ia e ka 30 o ka pū'ali koa o Kalinin Front.
• 'O Rzhev-Zubtsovskaya - ua alaka'i'ia e nā hui pākahi o nā'ao'ao'elua.
• 'O Pogorelo-Gorodishchenskaya - nā pū'ali o ka Pō'ani Komohana (ka 20th Army).
• 'O Gzhatskaya - alaka'i'ia e nā pū'ali koa'elua o ka Front Front (5e a me 33).

Nā koa o ka'ao'ao Soviet

He'eono mau mea hui pū'ia,'elua mau pū'ali hau a me nā kino he'elima i komo. Me ka nānā'ole i nā kino, ua loa'a iā lākou'elua 67 mau mea kālai ki'i, 37 mau mīmoku mahele, a me 21 mau kī'aha keleawe. 'O kēia pū'ulu a pau i helu'ia e like me ka hapalua miliona mau kānaka a'oi a'e ma mua o 1.5,000 mau moku.

'O ka ho'omaka'ana o ka holomua i mua o ke Kalinin Front

Iune 30 ua ho'omaka ka hana'ino o nā lā 30 a me 29. He ua nui ia i ia lā, akā,'a'ole i ha'alele'ia ke kumumana'o. 'O ka hopena, ua hā'ule ka pū'ali koa i ka pale ma kahi ākea o 9 km a me ka hohonu o 7 km. Ma mua o Rzhev he mau mau mile 5-6. A laila ho'ākoakoa'ia nā pū'ali koa a ma ka lā'o'Aukake 10 ua hele hou lākou i ka hewa.

'O nā hana kūpono ke'ano o ka loiloi - he 1-2 mau lā ma ka lā - no ke pale'ana i ka pale kaua a ka'enemi a me nā lilo nui. Ma hope o kēia, ma ka helu'ana i nā mea a pau i'ike'ia i ka makahiki 1942, e holo wikiwiki nā pū'ali Soviet i nā wahi i mana'o'ole'ia, me ka ho'ohana'ana i nā mea hana (Bagration "," Saturn "," Uranium ", a pēlā aku). A i ka makahiki 1942, ua hele aku ko mākou pū'ali koa i mua o nā'ao'ao ma kahi kūpa'a i pa'a i ka ikaika me ka'ole o ka kāko'o'ana i nā mokulele. Ma ka lā 21'o'Aukake wale nō ka 30 o ka po'e koa i noho ai ma Polunino.

'O ka hewa o ka pū'ali koa Zhukov (ke Komohana Komohana)

Ma mua o Zhukov e ho'ohana i ka ho'ouka kaua nui o ka Kalinin Front, a ma hope iho, e like me ke kumumana'o o ka kauoha Soviet, ua pono i nā po'e Germans ke ho'oikaika i nā mana mai kekahi'ao'ao ai kekahi, e ho'onāwaliwali i kekahi o nā'ao'ao. 'O ia ka mea i ho'okau'ia ai nā'ao'ao o ka Front Front i ka lā 2 o'Aukake.

Eia nō na'e, he kūlana ha'aha'a loa ka Kalinin Front i ka ho'onāwaliwali'ana i ka ho'opakele'ana i ka'ōlelo Germany. Hiki iā ia ke ho'oulu i nā ua ikaika ikaika, a he mea pa'akikī kēia. Ua ho'oholo'o Zhukov e ho'opanee i ka hele mua i mua o ka lā 4 o'Aukake.

I ka lā'o'Aukake 4, ua hahau'ia nā pū'ali koa o ka Pō'oko'a Komohana ma kahi kokoke i Pogoreliy Gorodische. Ua'oi aku ka maika'i o nā lanakila ma mua o ko Konev pū'ali koa: i loko o'elua mau lā, ke kū i mua i kahi ākea o 18 km a me ka hohonu o 30 km. Ua hō'eha'ia ka 161c German Infantry Division. Eia na'e,'a'ole i loa'a ka pahuhopu nui o ka pā'ani - ka hopu'ana iā Zubtsov a me Karmanovo.

Mai ka lā 4 o'Aukake a hiki i ka lā 8 o'Aukake 8 mau kaua i hele aku ai ma Vazuza, a ma ka lā 9'o'Aukake, ua ho'okūkū'ia kahi hakakā nui o nā kauā, a hiki i kahi 800 mau Soviet a me 700 mau kaumanika ma Karmanov. 'O ka ho'okahuli'ana i kēia wahi e ho'oweliweli ana i ka'ao'ao hema o ko kāua mua. 'O ka hopena, ua ho'okūpa'a'ia ka hui Soviet me nā mea ikaika mai nā'ao'ao'ē a'e o mua.

Ma muli o ka ho'oholo'ana o nā po'e Kelemānia, ua kū'ē ke kaua a Soviet. Ua ho'oholo'ia e lawe i ka pūkaua nui o Karmanovo, e ho'onāwaliwali ana i ka puhi iā Sychev.

I nā lā a pau o'Aukake a me Sepatemaba, ua ho'oikaika nā pū'ali Soviet i nā kaua kū'ē i ka hao'ana i nā kauhale nui i kūkulu'ia. 'O ka mea nui loa, ma hope o ka ho'okahuli'ana o ka pū'ali koa Soviet a me ka luku'ia'ana o nā pū'ali koa a pau no nā kauhale a me nā kauhale kūpono'ole, ua ha'alele wale nā po'e Germans iā lākou me ka hakakā'ole, i mea e ho'ohālike ai i ka laina pale.

Kepakemapa 27 Ua ki'i'o Rzhev i ka lawe'ana, akā na'e, hiki i nā mea mālama Kelemānia ke kāpae i ka pū'ali koa mai ke kūlanakauhale. Ua hala nā kaua ma ka lā 1 o'Okakopa.

Ua hala

No ka hopena o kahi hana Rzhev-Sychevsky na'aupō, ua hiki ke loa'a i 300,000 mau kaona. Ua make ka nui o nā kānaka. 'O ka lilo'ana o nā kauā ma mua o 1 000 mau ka'a.

'O ka nui loa, ua nalowale nā po'e Germans ma kahi o 60,000 mau kānaka, akā ua aneane ua hō'eha'ia he 50,000 o lākou,'o ia ho'i, ho'i lākou i ka lawelawe ma hope o ka haukapila. 'O ka'oko'a i nā poho he nui.

'O ka hana'elua Rzhev-Sychevsky

'O ka lua o ka hana i hana'ia mai ka lā 25 o Nowemapa a hiki i ka lā 20 o Dekemaba, 1942, ma nā'ao'ao'elua e like me ka mua. A'o ia'o Zukoke i alaka'i ai i ka hana a ko mākou pū'ali koa, akā i kēia manawa ua hā'awi'o ia i ke komohana mua i Colonel General M.A. Purkaeva. 'O ka hana holo'oko'a i kapa'ia'o "Mars".

'O ke kumu o ka hana like'ana me ka mea mua o ka Mānā: ka hopu'ana i kahi Sychevka maika'i loa, kahi i waiho'ia ai ke ke'ena po'okela o V. Model.

Ua ho'opau'ia ka hana ma ka papahana piha o nā pū'ali Soviet, akā aia kekahi'ano i ho'omaopopo pono'ia nā po'e Kelemānia no ka hana e ho'ololi i nā pū'ali koa a pau i kēia lālā. Ma muli o ka hopena, ua hiki ke hiki ke ho'opuni i ka pū'ulu Kelemānia kokoke i Stalingrad (Operation Uranus) i ka pō'ino o kahi pū'ali miliona miliona o Zhukov. 'A'ole wale ka ikaika o ka po'e Germans e wehe iā Paulus ma Stalingrad, no ka mea, ua ho'omau'ia nā mālama mālama'ia ma lalo o Rzhev.

'O ka lilo'ana o nā'ao'ao ma hope o ka hana "Mars"

Ua hala aku i ka 420,000'ao'ao o ka Soviet i hala i ka hana'elua Rzhev-Sychevsky. I ka helu'ana i ka po'e'eha, ua hō'ea kēia mau hō'ailona i 700,000 - 1 miliona kānaka.

'O ka lilo o nā po'e Germans he 40-45,000 kānaka, e like me ka po'e i pepehi a'eha.

Nā hualoa'a

'O ke kaulike o ka ikaika o ka makahiki 1942,'o ia ke ho'opau i ka pōmaika'i i loa'a i ka'āpana kipi ma lalo o ko kākou kala. 'O ka lanakila ma Moscow ka mea i ho'onāukiuki i ka mana'o o ke alaka'i o ka pū'ali koa o ko mākou'āina, a ua poina iā ia no ka ikaika o ka mīkini milikani Germany. 'O ka make wale nō o kahi i ho'okahi a me ka hapalua miliona koa i hō'ea hou i ka helu kūpono o ka pō'ino holo'oko'a o ka huaka'i fascist. 'O ka hemahema ia o ka makahiki 1942 i lilo i mau mea no ka ho'opuka'ana o ka Papa No. 227, i kapa'ia'o "'A'ole he kua i hope". Eia kekahi,'o nā pā'ani lanakila'ole o kēia makahiki i alaka'i'ia ai ka hopu'ana i ka mea kaulana kaulana'o A. Vlasov, a loa'a iā ia ka hanohano ki'eki'e no ke kaua'o Moscow.