He aha ka ka grammatical makahiki? Grammatical terminology

Kēia 'atikala ho'ākāka i ke kumu o manaÿo, a hana ma ka' ōlelo Pelekānia grammar. Nā hua'ōlelo i haawiia i ka palapala makakoho inoa. Mua o nā mea a pau e kaumaha ana i mau lala, a me ka mau struture i ho'ākāka 'ia i pili i ka mea maʻamau hua'ōlelo kauoha. Nō hoʻi, e mālama i ka manaʻo e nepovestvovatelnye no? Ieoaeunoaa ( 'irrealis Hanalei Moon'), e like me ka ninau ana e haʻalele i ( 'interrogative naʻau i loko'), noi a me nā kauoha a ( 'mau Kuleana naʻau i loko'), conditional pohihihi ( 'conditional keia manawa,'), pinepine hoʻololi i ka 'ole o ka olelo . I ka hahana predicate (a me ka hapa o ka predicate) lilo ana i mua kumuhana. Aʻo kekahi nīnūnē lala ke hele aku i loko o ka wahi mua no ka lawe ana ma luna o ke kūlana rematicheskoy. Aʻole i kēia pili i ka wehewehena, e like me ka mea e ole hilinaʻi ma luna o kekahi o ka olelo, akā, 'ana mai o ka haʻiinoa.

Mahele, noonoo ole a me ka lua pele (grammatical kumu, na mea a me ka luna 'olelo)

Hoikehonua, English Ka Mooolelo O ka like i ka Lūkini, eia nae, ua pono ole ka papa. Ka mea i ka hana kuʻuna ua hōʻikeʻia e like hulihonua ma ka mea hiki wahi, i hiki ke hele okoa. Pela, ua pokole Kû ka grammatical hua'ōlelo o English me ka paakiki mākia i ka Lūkini Mea Maluna nenoaiu.

'Olelo' - kaumaha aku i ka lākou o nā hua'ōlelo i loaʻa ka kŘpa a piha manaʻo.

'Rhema' - Rem, accented hapa, ke hoʻololi i ka hoike i kū hoʻokahi a me ka fundamentally nui ike, laila, no ka mea, o ka mea ma ka memo i kūkala (a palapala).

'Theme' - ka OE loa, ana i kapiliia no ka loaʻa i ke theorem, a me ka pono-ike ole mai i pili i ka loko o kekahi hanana au mamuli.

'O kēia' - hapa o ka olelo i loaʻa i ka verb ana unuhi like me ka grammatical kulanui.

'Ahupapa'ōlelo' - i ka luna 'manaʻoi hāpai' ia i loaʻa kekahi mau 'o kēia' ( «grammatical kumu"), ka hierarchical hoi o ka makana ua maheleia i:

• epa a me interchangeable māhele - 'hui pohihihi' (slozhnosochinennye);
• epa a me ka kalele iho a me ka subordinate naehana - 'Complex pohihihi' (hui).

Eia kekahi, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka loaʻa nui o nā haumāna hoa, aia no he grammatical kau e like me 'ole-, ua kīkoʻo akula'ōlelo' (e hoʻohoka e hele mai) a me ka 'haawi olelo' (he pono ole).

Members o non-io pohihihi (lala o ka ole-ka hoʻonuiʻana o nā kaumaha ai oukou ia)

'Ole-, ua kīkoʻo akula'ōlelo' - e hoʻohoka manaʻoi hāpai 'ia kekahi mau wale i ka papa kuhikuhiE hua'ōlelo o ke kaumaha. Ke kumuhana, a / a me ka predicate.

'Predicate' - ka verb, ka grammatical manawa no ka pono verb a me nā mea a pau kona hui ma lalo huahelu - 'na mea predicate' (walaʻau ma) i mau predicate - 'luna' predicate '(luna').

'Waha' predicate '- he hui predicate iloko olaila no kekahi mau verbs.

'Predicative' aoʻao o '- ka palena iki hapa o ka palena iki predicate, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO kaheaia me kekahi noun a pronoun.

'Ke kumuhana Ke' - kumuhana - grammatical kau hoʻohana 'ia i kapa i ka papa kuhikuhiE manaʻo hoʻopiʻi kū'ē (' i kekahi manaʻo hoʻopiʻi ') predicate i ke kāheaʻia ma kaʻaneʻane kekahi hapa o ka olelo a me ka hopuna'ōlelo. Ma kēia kūlana ke hana, a hiki 'o kēia'. Theoretically, ma English ka mea, e hele kino aku i ka manaʻo ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i loko o ke ano o ka hoʻohana 'It', akā, ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka mea, ua pinepine hōʻike pū 'ana.

Members o io pohihihi (lala o ka pono manaʻo)

'Ia mai ke konohiki' - E lulu aku hoi e hele mai maupaʻa okoa ke kumuhana, a / a predicate oi kiʻekiʻe lālā e like me, no kekahi laʻana, hou, a me ka hoomaopopo ana ololi.

'Mea' - hou. Direct hou ( 'pololei mea') ua pololei e pili ana i ka verb, a'ī maila ma luna o ka mea a / ma mua 'ole ai i ka hana a ua hanaia.

'Adverbial' ( 'adjunct') - 'ole. Ma ka nui pono, e wehewehe i nā mea kiko'ī o ke kahua o nā hanana, e like me ka manawa, wahi, ke kumu ma mua o ka manawa kūpono probabilities a me ka hopena.

'ʻAno kaila' - .. Ka hoʻoholo, a loaa kona kulana ma ke kikokikona, nānā 'ole o ka nohona ma' ole, 'o ia hoʻi kona wahiʻano nui dictated olelo,ʻaʻole hua'ōlelo maʻamau-mea i loko o ka olelo.

'WH-hua'ōlelo' - nīnau hua'ōlelo a me ka olelo i ka i hoʻohana i ka paka kūikawā nīnūnē a me ka like hale.

Modal hua'ōlelo a me WH-olelo

'Modal hua'ōlelo' - modal (e komo ai) o ka olelo (ʻaʻole ia e hookahuli ai me modal verbs).

i 'WH-hua'ōlelo' a 'Modal hua'ōlelo' nō kāu manaoia kaawale, me ka hoike ole ana i ka olelo.

Ua hoʻoʻuluʻulu manaʻo ma lalo nei i loko o nā papa grammar. Kekahi hapa (ka luna) integrates i ka olelo, ka mea'ē aʻe (ma lalo) - i nā māhele o ka olelo.

Mau māhele o ka speach (māhele o ka olelo)

Grammar o ka hua'ōlelo hoʻohuʻu he lākou o nā rula no ka hana morfemoobrazovaniya a me ka noonoo ana o ka hoʻohālike ma i hua'ōlelo i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o ka ua papa. Mau māhele o ka speach - waeʻano o nā hua'ōlelo, a kamaʻilioʻana i ka hoike i kekahi huahelu o ka manaÿo. No ka laʻana, haʻiʻano ma ka hōʻike i ka hoailona o ka mea a me kaʻike manaʻo, a me nā pronouns e hoʻohana i kahiko o ka'āina hoʻohuli i nā wahi o ka olelo. Kaʻana i ka hamama ( 'e hamama ana') a me ka paʻa ( 'paa') pae o ka wahi o ka olelo.

Open pūʻulu (hamama pūʻulu)

'Open pūʻulu' - grammatical manawa no ka mau a hoʻopiha nō pae. New hua'ōlelo hou ma ka pepa prefixes a me suffixes, ma ka ohui na aa o ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ana, mai na wahi e ae o ka olelo, i lawekahikiʻia mai nā' ōlelo 'ē, i ka muli o hou hua'ōlelo a me nā inoa, e like me ka hopena o ka'ōlelo evolution mai na poe oo hoi hua'ōlelo.

'Ka haʻiinoa' - ka haʻiinoa, ka haʻiʻana o kekahi mea paha kŰia, a i loli iki degere o ka Kuokoa, mai ka pono a hiki i ka mea kupono inoa, koe wale no i ka hiʻona i ka pono o ka 'atikala a me ka hoʻokaulike o na rula, aole ia e pili i ko lakou Ka Mooolelo O.

'Verbs' - verbs. Ua haawiia i ke verb me he kī ke keʻena o ka predicate ke kuhikuhi grammatical manawa 'ka papa kuhikuhiE verb' (la me ka manao verb), e mālama verbs ka i koe, a me ka hai aku oi i ka mea paʻa pūʻulu: 'modal verb' (meaningless verb me ka hoʻololi ano) a me ka 'auxuliary verb' ( kākoʻo verb), ua hoʻohana 'ia paha manawa-pronged, moraki a me subordinate hale, e like me ka pono me keʻano o ka' kākoʻo verbs '-' loulou verb '(loulou-verb), ua hoʻohana' ia i 'ae waha' Loipālākiō (palena iki) predicate. I ka wā o ka 'loulou verb' o ka mea wale verb i loko o ka grammatical kumu, ka mea, ua noʻonoʻo i ka papa kuhikuhiE, 'ka papa kuhikuhi verb'.

Verb pepa:

- 'walaʻauʻana palapala', i ke kumu o palapala (a "infinitive ole 'ia'», 'hanau infinitive '), a pololei ʻano o ka verb i loko o ka keia Makamae maopopo;

- 'infinitive' (infinitive);

- '-s'-palapala, a ua lukuʻia i loko o kēia indefinite manawa i loko o ke kolu o ka kanaka singular;

- i hala iho nei Indefinite ʻeleu - ka ano i ka verb i ka indeterminate manawa i loko o ka hala (regular verbs kuahene kona hua pau 'hua', a me ka hewa hiki ke ike ia ma ka lua o ka kolamu o ka papaʻaina o ole verbs);

- 'participle I "a me' keia participle '- keia participle, ka verb me ka palapala panina me ka hou o ka' ana ';

- 'participle II' ole 'hala participle' - hala participle, a nana no regular verbs panina like ohui 'hua', a no ka mea pololei ole - ke kolu o ka kolamu o ka papaʻaina o ole verbs;

- 'gerund' - gerund, a hiehie i ka waiwai o ka noun a me ka hana.

'Ka haʻiʻano' - haʻiʻano ma ka hoike PAaIEN noun e ia i kauwahi o ke kumuhana, a predicate a paa.

'Adverbs' - adverbs pinepine hōʻike lāliʻi o ka hana, akā, hiki no hoi i kapa ai i ka manaʻo like me ka a pau, pinepine lakou i ka 'ōlelo o nā ana.

Pani 'ia nā pūʻulu (Hoopaa iho la pae)

'Pani' pūʻulu '- pūʻulu o nā māhele o ka olelo, i ka helu o ka huahelu ma i, e like me ka rula, mau koe ka ia. Like pohihihi keia hewa, hou morpheme i hanaʻia e like me ka hamama hui ma ka lilo o hoʻonupaikini o na olelo, ka wā grammar ua hōʻano hou 'ia a me ka Hōʻano hou.

'Pronouns' - pronouns.

'Prepositions' - prepositions.

'Conjunctives' - uniona kālepa.

'Determiners' - demonstrative hua'ōlelo. Maheleia i loko o '(particles)' - (particles), a me ka 'atikala' - 'atikala.

'Interjections' - interjections.