Mea Maluna o ke aloha mea - i ke kumu o ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o ke aloha kemika

Oe ke ike pehea ka Mea Maluna o okoa ke aloha a me ka'okanikaʻole waiwai ma ka hoʻololi mai ke'okanikaʻole i ke aloha kemika. Ke ao nei i keʻano o ke aloha i huiʻia, a me ka nui helu o Lolina ia. Na Mea Maluna o ke aloha waiwai ole wale kōkua e hoʻomaopopo i kēia nui, akā, e lawe i ka maopopo 'epekema iki iloko no lākou mahele.

E like me ke kumu no ka puunaue ana i ke aloha i huiʻia ma ka papa i waeia pähola 'o Nine Inch' ole. Ke aloha kumu like o ka hana a me ka mea nui ka papa, a ua kapaia ka iniiaiie i ke aloha waiwai - hydrocarbons. Other elele o ke ao nei mai o aloha i malamaia lakou nei, me nā mea loaʻa. No, ma ka study o ko lākou 'ole mea,ʻaʻole paʻakikī i ka ike i ka synthesize mau waiwai mākaukau kaua paha ma ka hakahaka (hope) o ka hydrocarbon' ole a me kekahi manawa kekahi mau hydrogen nā'ātoma ma na huahelu'ē aʻe hehee wale, a me kekahi manawa ma ka holoʻokoʻa pae radicals.

Mea Maluna o ke aloha 'ona ia e like me ke kumu no nā hydrocarbons a oi no ka mea, o ka pono io o ko lākou' ole, a me ka hydrocarbon ke keʻena o ka loa nui hapa o ka hapanui o ka ike ke aloha i huiʻia. I ka lā, nā mea a pau i ike ia Nine Inch, e pili ana i ke ao nei i ke aloha i huiʻia e i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o ka kalapona-hydrogen paa, i ka nui predominance. A pau nā 'ona a mea i loko o ka hapa, hiki e lawe ia mau mea i loko o ka waeʻano o ka hewa a hiki i ka mau rula, he ai ka poe i ka mea i hiki ole ke loaa, a hiki i ko makou manawa.

Mea Maluna o ke aloha 'ona ma ka mahele ana i kaawale pūʻulu a me nā papa e leie aku e koho i mau nui papa o ke aloha a me ka acyclic cyclic i huiʻia. Lākou mau loa ka inoaʻo ia ka mea e hiki ke kikoo aku i ka hopena e pili ana i ke 'ano o ke kūkulu o nā lātoma. Ma ka hihia mua o ka hydrocarbon kaula loulou, a ma ka lua o ka - ka lātoma mea he apo.

Acyclic i huiʻia hiki e ka lala, a e hoʻohui pū i ka mea kaulahao. Mawaena o na inoa o kēia mau waiwai ke ke loaʻa ka 'aoʻao o "momoma, a aliphatic hydrocarbons." Ka mea, hiki e ke kaupalenaʻana (ethane, isobutane, 'eto ka waiʻona) ole unsaturated ('etolina, acetylene, isoprene), ke kaumaha ma muli o ka 'ano o ka pili o kekahi o carbon huahelu.

Mea Maluna o ke aloha 'ona o ke cyclic hui, hou kaawale ana o ia hoʻi, ma kā lākou mau carbocyclic pūʻulu a me ka heterocyclic hydrocarbon pae.

Carbocyclic "ke komo lima" i haku wale o ka kalapona nā'ātoma. Ka mea, i e alicyclic (paʻa kūhohonu loa a me ka unsaturated), e like me ka onaona carbocyclic i huiʻia. Ke alicyclic i huiʻia nā'ākoʻakoʻa wale hoʻohui i nā wēlauʻelua o ka kalapona kaula, akā, onaona hale i loko o kā lākou mau ai-kapaia benzene komolima a mea he nui hopena ma luna o kā lākou mau waiwai.

Ke heterocyclic waiwai ke hālāwai nā nā'ātoma o nā waiwai, ka hapanui pinepine ka mea, o ka hana o ka naikokene.

Ka aʻe constituent hehee ai mea e loli ai i ka waiwai o ke aloha waiwai, o ke alo o ooieoeiiaeuiiai nā pūʻulu.

No ka halogenated hydrocarbons i loko o ka loiloi pūʻulu e hana i kekahi a me kekahi mau halogen nā'ātoma. Waiʻona mai ke kino kiʻi kā lākou waiwai aie i ke alo gidroksogrupp. No ka aldehydes ano hiʻona o ke alo o ka aldehyde pūʻulu i ketones - carbonyl pūʻulu. Carboxylic nāʻakika i wehewehe aku ai i ka mea, aia no iloko olaila carboxyl pūʻulu a me amines komo i'amino pae. No ka nitro hui wehewehe aku ma ke alo o ka nitro pae.

Keʻano o ke ano o hydrocarbons, e like me kā lākou mau waiwai, ma muli o kaʻokoʻaʻano o ka pu. No ka laʻana, ka mea haku mele ke hoʻohui pū i ka hookahi lātoma elua a oi'ālike, i kekahi manawa okoa ooieoeiiaeuiiai pae ma ka hoomaopopo ana kekahi waiwai o ka waiwai (aminoaceticʻakika, glycerol).

E haawi nuiʻike pono e noonoo i (ka Mea Maluna o ke aloha waiwai) papaaina, i hoopuni hiki ke hanaʻia ma luna o ke kumu o ka 'ike i loko o ka kikokikona o keia Haawina.